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1041. The headquarters of the Reserve Bank of India is in:
- A. New Delhi
- B. Kolkata
- C. Mumbai
- D. Chennai
Answer: Mumbai
Explanation: RBI was founded on 1 April 1935 in Calcutta; moved to Mumbai permanently in 1937.
1042. The first Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog was:
- A. Rajiv Kumar
- B. Suman Bery
- C. Arvind Panagariya
- D. Amitabh Kant
Answer: Arvind Panagariya
Explanation: Panagariya (2015-17) was followed by Rajiv Kumar and Suman Bery.
1043. The NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission on:
- A. 15 August 2014
- B. 1 January 2015
- C. 2 October 2014
- D. 26 January 2016
Answer: 1 January 2015
Explanation: NITI Aayog was formed by a cabinet resolution on 1 Jan 2015.
1044. Where is the headquarters of the National Human Rights Commission of India?
- A. Kolkata
- B. Mumbai
- C. Chennai
- D. New Delhi
Answer: New Delhi
Explanation: NHRC was established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993; HQ at New Delhi.
1045. Which Indian organisation is headquartered at Anand, Gujarat and is known for 'Amul'?
- A. IFFCO
- B. NAFED
- C. NDDB Hyderabad
- D. GCMMF
Answer: GCMMF
Explanation: Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation markets Amul; Verghese Kurien led it.
1046. Indian Navy Day is observed on 4 December in memory of:
- A. Operation Cactus
- B. Operation Trident (1971)
- C. Operation Vijay (1961)
- D. Battle of Midway
Answer: Operation Trident (1971)
Explanation: Operation Trident was the 4 Dec 1971 missile-boat attack on Karachi harbour.
1047. Indian Air Force Day is celebrated on:
- A. 4 December
- B. 8 October
- C. 15 January
- D. 1 April
Answer: 8 October
Explanation: IAF was established on 8 October 1932.
1048. Indian Army Day (15 January) marks the day:
- A. Gen. K. M. Cariappa became first Indian C-in-C (1949)
- B. Independence
- C. Kargil victory
- D. Partition
Answer: Gen. K. M. Cariappa became first Indian C-in-C (1949)
Explanation: Cariappa took over from General Roy Bucher on 15 Jan 1949.
1049. The Armed Forces Flag Day in India is observed on:
- A. 26 July
- B. 7 December
- C. 15 January
- D. 8 October
Answer: 7 December
Explanation: Observed on 7 December to collect funds for armed forces welfare.
1050. Kargil Vijay Diwas is observed every year on:
- A. 26 July
- B. 16 December
- C. 3 June
- D. 15 August
Answer: 26 July
Explanation: The Kargil conflict officially ended on 26 July 1999.
1051. Vijay Diwas on 16 December commemorates the:
- A. 1971 India-Pakistan war victory
- B. 1999 Kargil victory
- C. 1962 war
- D. 1965 war ceasefire
Answer: 1971 India-Pakistan war victory
Explanation: On 16 Dec 1971 Pakistan's forces surrendered in Dhaka and Bangladesh emerged.
1052. National Technology Day (11 May) commemorates the:
- A. First Agni test
- B. Pokhran-II tests and HANSA-3 flight (1998)
- C. Chandrayaan launch
- D. Aryabhata launch
Answer: Pokhran-II tests and HANSA-3 flight (1998)
Explanation: 11 May 1998: Shakti nuclear tests and the first flight of indigenous HANSA-3.
1053. Which day is observed as Civil Services Day in India?
- A. 15 October
- B. 24 January
- C. 11 May
- D. 21 April
Answer: 21 April
Explanation: On 21 April 1947 Sardar Patel addressed the first batch of administrative officers at Metcalfe House.
1054. Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (31 October) honours:
- A. Indira Gandhi
- B. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- C. Lal Bahadur Shastri
- D. Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Explanation: Started in 2014 on Patel's 139th birth anniversary.
1055. National Youth Day (12 January) marks the birth anniversary of:
- A. Swami Vivekananda
- B. Subhas Chandra Bose
- C. Bhagat Singh
- D. Dr. Ambedkar
Answer: Swami Vivekananda
Explanation: Observed since 1985 on Vivekananda's birthday (1863).
1056. National Science Day in India is observed on 28 February to commemorate:
- A. First Aryabhata launch
- B. Founding of CSIR
- C. Birth of Vikram Sarabhai
- D. Announcement of the Raman Effect (1928)
Answer: Announcement of the Raman Effect (1928)
Explanation: Raman announced his discovery on 28 Feb 1928; the day has been observed since 1987.
1057. Who was India's first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)?
- A. Gen. Bipin Rawat
- B. Gen. V. P. Malik
- C. Gen. M. M. Naravane
- D. Gen. Anil Chauhan
Answer: Gen. Bipin Rawat
Explanation: Gen. Bipin Rawat took office on 31 Dec 2019; the Department of Military Affairs was created.
1058. Which other Kargil War soldier, besides Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav, received the Param Vir Chakra and survived the war?
- A. Sanjay Kumar
- B. Anuj Nayyar
- C. Vikram Batra
- D. Manoj Pandey
Answer: Sanjay Kumar
Explanation: Rifleman Sanjay Kumar (13 JAK Rif) and Yogendra Yadav both survived; Batra and Pandey were posthumous.
1059. The Param Vir Chakra was designed by:
- A. Pandit Ravi Shankar
- B. Lata Mangeshkar
- C. Nandalal Bose
- D. Savitri Khanolkar
Answer: Savitri Khanolkar
Explanation: Swiss-born Savitri Khanolkar designed the PVC; first awardee was Major Somnath Sharma.
1060. Operation Meghdoot (1984) concerned the capture of which feature?
- A. Golden Temple complex
- B. Kargil heights
- C. Siachen Glacier
- D. Tololing
Answer: Siachen Glacier
Explanation: On 13 April 1984 India occupied the Siachen Glacier heights under Operation Meghdoot.
1061. Which operation marked India's 1999 military action to clear Kargil intrusions?
- A. Operation Parakram
- B. Operation Safed Sagar
- C. Operation Vijay
- D. Operation Meghdoot
Answer: Operation Vijay
Explanation: Operation Vijay was the Army operation; Safed Sagar was the IAF's air component.
1062. India's first indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine is:
- A. INS Kalvari
- B. INS Arihant
- C. INS Sindhuraj
- D. INS Chakra
Answer: INS Arihant
Explanation: INS Arihant, built under the Advanced Technology Vessel project, was commissioned in 2016.
1063. INS Vikrant (commissioned September 2022) is India's first:
- A. Stealth frigate
- B. Nuclear submarine
- C. Hovercraft carrier
- D. Indigenously built aircraft carrier
Answer: Indigenously built aircraft carrier
Explanation: Built by Cochin Shipyard Limited, IAC-1 Vikrant was commissioned on 2 Sept 2022.
1064. Which missile is a joint Indo-Russian supersonic cruise missile?
- A. Pralay
- B. BrahMos
- C. Astra
- D. Nirbhay
Answer: BrahMos
Explanation: BrahMos is named after Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers; it has a Mach 2.8 class speed.
1065. Which organisation is responsible for developing India's Agni series of missiles?
- A. DRDO
- B. ISRO
- C. BEL
- D. HAL
Answer: DRDO
Explanation: DRDO's Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme developed Agni, Prithvi, Akash, Trishul and Nag.
1066. NavIC, India's regional navigation system, comprises how many satellites in its original constellation design?
- A. 7
- B. 4
- C. 9
- D. 12
Answer: 7
Explanation: NavIC (IRNSS) was designed with 7 satellites: 3 geostationary and 4 geosynchronous inclined.
1067. Which Indian astronaut-designate became the first Indian aboard the International Space Station in 2025 (Axiom-4 mission)?
- A. Angad Pratap
- B. Shubhanshu Shukla
- C. Ajit Krishnan
- D. Prasanth Nair
Answer: Shubhanshu Shukla
Explanation: Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla piloted Axiom-4 and docked at the ISS in June 2025.
1068. Who became the first Indian to travel to space in 1984?
- A. Rakesh Sharma
- B. Kalpana Chawla
- C. Ravish Malhotra
- D. Shubhanshu Shukla
Answer: Rakesh Sharma
Explanation: Rakesh Sharma flew on Soyuz T-11 on 3 April 1984.
1069. The Gaganyaan mission's crew module is designed to carry how many astronauts in the initial human flight plan?
- A. 3
- B. 4
- C. 2
- D. 7
Answer: 3
Explanation: Gaganyaan plans a crew of three in about 400 km low Earth orbit for up to three days.
1070. XPoSat, launched on 1 January 2024, is India's first satellite dedicated to:
- A. Navigation
- B. Earth imaging
- C. Weather forecasting
- D. X-ray polarimetry
Answer: X-ray polarimetry
Explanation: XPoSat studies polarisation of cosmic X-rays from bright sources like black holes.
1071. India's first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory, launched in 2015, is:
- A. Cartosat-2
- B. Aditya-L1
- C. XPoSat
- D. AstroSat
Answer: AstroSat
Explanation: AstroSat was launched by PSLV-C30 on 28 Sept 2015.
1072. Which Indian mission carried the Moon Impact Probe that struck near the lunar south pole in 2008?
- A. Mangalyaan
- B. Chandrayaan-2
- C. Chandrayaan-1
- D. Astrosat
Answer: Chandrayaan-1
Explanation: MIP was released from Chandrayaan-1 on 14 Nov 2008 and detected water traces.
1073. India's first satellite Aryabhata (1975) was launched from which country's launch site?
- A. India (Sriharikota)
- B. USA (Cape Canaveral)
- C. Soviet Union (Kapustin Yar)
- D. France (Kourou)
Answer: Soviet Union (Kapustin Yar)
Explanation: Aryabhata was launched on 19 April 1975 on a Soviet Kosmos-3M rocket.
1074. Who is known as the 'Father of the Indian Space Programme'?
- A. Vikram Sarabhai
- B. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
- C. Homi Bhabha
- D. Satish Dhawan
Answer: Vikram Sarabhai
Explanation: Sarabhai founded INCOSPAR (1962) and PRL, Ahmedabad.
1075. India's first solar mission Aditya-L1 was placed in a halo orbit around which point?
- A. Sun-Earth Lagrange point L1
- B. Sun-Mars L1
- C. Sun-Earth Lagrange point L2
- D. Earth-Moon Lagrange point L2
Answer: Sun-Earth Lagrange point L1
Explanation: Aditya-L1 was inserted into its halo orbit around Sun-Earth L1 on 6 January 2024.
1076. The Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) was launched aboard which rocket?
- A. PSLV-C37
- B. GSLV-D5
- C. GSLV Mk III
- D. PSLV-C25
Answer: PSLV-C25
Explanation: MOM was launched by PSLV-C25 on 5 Nov 2013 and entered Mars orbit on 24 Sept 2014.
1077. Chandrayaan-3's lander touched down on the Moon near which pole, and what was the landing site later named?
- A. South pole region; Tiranga Point
- B. South pole region; Jawahar Point
- C. South pole region; Shiv Shakti Point
- D. North pole region; Shiv Shakti Point
Answer: South pole region; Shiv Shakti Point
Explanation: Landing on 23 Aug 2023 near the south pole; the site is Shiv Shakti Point (Tiranga Point is Chandrayaan-2's crash site).
1078. Which ISRO launch vehicle was used for the Chandrayaan-3 mission launched in July 2023?
- A. SSLV
- B. LVM3
- C. PSLV-XL
- D. GSLV Mk II
Answer: LVM3
Explanation: Chandrayaan-3 was launched on LVM3-M4 from Sriharikota on 14 July 2023.
1079. The Bhasha Samman is conferred by which institution?
- A. Sahitya Akademi
- B. Sangeet Natak Akademi
- C. Jnanpith Trust
- D. Lalit Kala Akademi
Answer: Sahitya Akademi
Explanation: Sahitya Akademi gives Bhasha Samman for classical/medieval literature and minor languages.
1080. Who was the first Indian woman to win an individual Olympic medal?
- A. P. T. Usha
- B. Karnam Malleswari
- C. Mary Kom
- D. Saina Nehwal
Answer: Karnam Malleswari
Explanation: Malleswari won weightlifting bronze at Sydney 2000.
1081. The Santosh Trophy is the national championship of:
- A. Kabaddi
- B. Football
- C. Volleyball
- D. Hockey
Answer: Football
Explanation: It is India's senior national football championship for state teams.
1082. In which year did India host the first-ever Asian Games, in New Delhi?
- A. 1974
- B. 1962
- C. 1982
- D. 1951
Answer: 1951
Explanation: The first Asian Games were held in New Delhi in 1951.
1083. The Thomas Cup is awarded in which sport?
- A. Badminton (men's team)
- B. Squash
- C. Lawn tennis
- D. Table tennis
Answer: Badminton (men's team)
Explanation: India won the Thomas Cup for the first time in 2022.
1084. At which Olympic Games did Neeraj Chopra win javelin gold?
- A. Paris 2024
- B. London 2012
- C. Tokyo 2020
- D. Rio 2016
Answer: Tokyo 2020
Explanation: He won gold at Tokyo 2020 (held 2021) with 87.58 m.
1085. Which Indian woman wrestler won an Olympic medal at Rio 2016?
- A. Sakshi Malik
- B. Vinesh Phogat
- C. Geeta Phogat
- D. Anshu Malik
Answer: Sakshi Malik
Explanation: Sakshi Malik won bronze in the 58 kg category.
1086. Who became the first Indian to win an individual Olympic gold medal?
- A. Rajyavardhan Rathore
- B. Sushil Kumar
- C. Abhinav Bindra
- D. Neeraj Chopra
Answer: Abhinav Bindra
Explanation: Bindra won 10 m air rifle gold at Beijing 2008.
1087. The Dronacharya Award is given to:
- A. Umpires
- B. Sports coaches
- C. Sports administrators
- D. Sports journalists
Answer: Sports coaches
Explanation: It honours outstanding coaches and was instituted in 1985.
1088. Who was the first recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (1991-92)?
- A. Sachin Tendulkar
- B. Leander Paes
- C. Karnam Malleswari
- D. Viswanathan Anand
Answer: Viswanathan Anand
Explanation: Chess player Viswanathan Anand was the first recipient.
1089. The Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna replaced the name of which award in 2021?
- A. Dronacharya Award
- B. Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna
- C. Arjuna Award
- D. Tenzing Norgay Award
Answer: Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna
Explanation: The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna was renamed in August 2021.
1090. The Arjuna Award for sports was instituted in:
- A. 1961
- B. 1954
- C. 1971
- D. 1991
Answer: 1961
Explanation: The Arjuna Award was instituted in 1961.
1091. Who received the 2019 Nobel Prize in Economics jointly, among Indian-origin laureates?
- A. Raghuram Rajan
- B. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
- C. Amartya Sen
- D. Abhijit Banerjee
Answer: Abhijit Banerjee
Explanation: Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer won for poverty alleviation research.
1092. Who was the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize in Physics?
- A. S. Chandrasekhar
- B. Homi Bhabha
- C. Har Gobind Khorana
- D. C. V. Raman
Answer: C. V. Raman
Explanation: C. V. Raman won it in 1930 for the Raman effect.
1093. Which Indian author won the 2022 International Booker Prize for 'Tomb of Sand'?
- A. Jhumpa Lahiri
- B. Arundhati Roy
- C. Kiran Desai
- D. Geetanjali Shree
Answer: Geetanjali Shree
Explanation: Geetanjali Shree, with translator Daisy Rockwell, won for the translation of 'Ret Samadhi'.
1094. The Sahitya Akademi Award was first presented in which year?
- A. 1965
- B. 1960
- C. 1955
- D. 1947
Answer: 1955
Explanation: Sahitya Akademi was founded in 1954; the first awards were given in 1955.
1095. Who wrote the epic 'Kamayani'?
- A. Sumitranandan Pant
- B. Suryakant Tripathi Nirala
- C. Mahadevi Verma
- D. Jaishankar Prasad
Answer: Jaishankar Prasad
Explanation: Kamayani (1936) is Jaishankar Prasad's Chhayavadi epic.
1096. Which book by Kalhana is regarded as the first historical chronicle of Kashmir?
- A. Kadambari
- B. Harshacharita
- C. Mudrarakshasa
- D. Rajatarangini
Answer: Rajatarangini
Explanation: Rajatarangini (12th century) chronicles the kings of Kashmir.
1097. 'Anandamath', containing the song Vande Mataram, was authored by:
- A. Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
- B. Rabindranath Tagore
- C. Michael Madhusudan Dutt
- D. Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
Answer: Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Explanation: Anandamath (1882) by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee has Vande Mataram.
1098. Who authored the book 'Discovery of India', written in Ahmednagar Fort prison?
- A. Sardar Patel
- B. Mahatma Gandhi
- C. Jawaharlal Nehru
- D. Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Nehru wrote it in 1944 during the Quit India imprisonment.
1099. The novel 'Godan' was written by:
- A. Bhisham Sahni
- B. Premchand
- C. Phanishwar Nath Renu
- D. Yashpal
Answer: Premchand
Explanation: Godan (1936) is Munshi Premchand's last complete novel about peasant Hori.
1100. The Jnanpith Award for 2023 was announced for Sanskrit scholar Jagadguru Rambhadracharya and which Urdu poet?
- A. Munawwar Rana
- B. Nida Fazli
- C. Gulzar
- D. Javed Akhtar
Answer: Gulzar
Explanation: The 58th Jnanpith Award (for 2023) was shared by Rambhadracharya and Gulzar.
1101. Who was the first Indian woman to receive the Bharat Ratna?
- A. Mother Teresa
- B. Lata Mangeshkar
- C. M. S. Subbulakshmi
- D. Indira Gandhi
Answer: Indira Gandhi
Explanation: Indira Gandhi received the Bharat Ratna in 1971, the first woman to do so.
1102. The Dhauladhar range lies in which State?
- A. Sikkim
- B. Arunachal Pradesh
- C. Himachal Pradesh
- D. Uttarakhand
Answer: Himachal Pradesh
Explanation: Dharamshala lies at its foot, in the Lesser Himalaya.
1103. The Ghaggar-Hakra channel is regarded by many scholars as the course of the lost:
- A. Sarasvati
- B. Drishadvati
- C. Sutudri
- D. Parushni
Answer: Sarasvati
Explanation: It flows seasonally through Haryana and Rajasthan.
1104. The Kaveri river originates at Talakaveri in the:
- A. Anamalai
- B. Cardamom Hills
- C. Nilgiri
- D. Brahmagiri range, Western Ghats
Answer: Brahmagiri range, Western Ghats
Explanation: Talakaveri is in Kodagu district, Karnataka.
1105. Which gas is released in the Bhopal gas tragedy of 1984?
- A. Chlorine
- B. Ammonia
- C. Methyl isocyanate
- D. Phosgene
Answer: Methyl isocyanate
Explanation: The leak at the Union Carbide plant occurred on the night of 2-3 December 1984.
1106. The Bishnoi community's sacrifice of 363 lives in 1730 to protect Khejri trees occurred at:
- A. Alwar
- B. Bikaner
- C. Khejarli village, Jodhpur
- D. Kota
Answer: Khejarli village, Jodhpur
Explanation: Amrita Devi led the protest against the Maharaja of Jodhpur's men.
1107. Which Prime Minister headed India's first non-Congress government at the Centre (1977)?
- A. Morarji Desai
- B. Charan Singh
- C. Chandra Shekhar
- D. V. P. Singh
Answer: Morarji Desai
Explanation: Janata Party won the March 1977 elections.
1108. The Emergency (National) of 1975 was proclaimed under Article 352 on the ground of:
- A. Armed rebellion
- B. Internal disturbance
- C. War
- D. External aggression
Answer: Internal disturbance
Explanation: 'Armed rebellion' replaced 'internal disturbance' after the 44th Amendment.
1109. India's Right to Education Act came into force on:
- A. 1 January 2012
- B. 26 August 2009
- C. 15 August 2009
- D. 1 April 2010
Answer: 1 April 2010
Explanation: RTE 2009 received assent on 26 August 2009.
1110. Pokhran-I, India's first nuclear test, was conducted on:
- A. 11 May 1998
- B. 18 May 1998
- C. 26 January 1974
- D. 18 May 1974
Answer: 18 May 1974
Explanation: Codenamed 'Smiling Buddha'.
1111. The Simla Agreement of 1972 was signed by Indira Gandhi and:
- A. Yahya Khan
- B. Ayub Khan
- C. Nawaz Sharif
- D. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Answer: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Explanation: It resolved to settle differences bilaterally and respect the Line of Control.
1112. The Tashkent Agreement of January 1966 was signed by Lal Bahadur Shastri and:
- A. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
- B. Yahya Khan
- C. Ayub Khan
- D. Zia-ul-Haq
Answer: Ayub Khan
Explanation: Mediated by Soviet Premier Kosygin; Shastri died soon after.
1113. The Kargil War between India and Pakistan took place in:
- A. 1999
- B. 1965
- C. 1971
- D. 2001
Answer: 1999
Explanation: Operation Vijay; Kargil Vijay Diwas is observed on 26 July.
1114. Sikkim merged with India in 1975 through which Amendment?
- A. 36th Amendment
- B. 35th Amendment
- C. 38th Amendment
- D. 31st Amendment
Answer: 36th Amendment
Explanation: The 35th Amendment (1974) made it an associate state; the 36th made it a full State.
1115. Goa was liberated from Portuguese rule in 1961 under:
- A. Operation Polo
- B. Operation Vijay
- C. Operation Trident
- D. Operation Safed Sagar
Answer: Operation Vijay
Explanation: Goa, Daman and Diu were liberated on 19 December 1961.
1116. Hyderabad was integrated into India in September 1948 through:
- A. Operation Polo
- B. Operation Meghdoot
- C. Operation Vijay
- D. Operation Cactus
Answer: Operation Polo
Explanation: The Nizam surrendered after a five-day police action.
1117. Who was the Home Minister of India responsible for the integration of princely states?
- A. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- B. Maulana Azad
- C. Jawaharlal Nehru
- D. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Explanation: V. P. Menon was his secretary in the States Ministry.
1118. The Mountbatten Plan of 3 June 1947 proposed:
- A. Partition of India and the transfer of power to two dominions
- B. Cabinet Mission award
- C. Federation
- D. Princely supremacy
Answer: Partition of India and the transfer of power to two dominions
Explanation: The date of power transfer was advanced to 15 August 1947.
1119. The interim government was formed on 2 September 1946 with Jawaharlal Nehru as:
- A. Vice-President of the Viceroy's Executive Council
- B. Chief Minister
- C. President
- D. Prime Minister
Answer: Vice-President of the Viceroy's Executive Council
Explanation: The Viceroy remained the President of the Council.
1120. The Muslim League observed 'Direct Action Day' on:
- A. 16 August 1946
- B. 15 August 1947
- C. 2 September 1946
- D. 9 December 1946
Answer: 16 August 1946
Explanation: It led to the Great Calcutta Killings.
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