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961. Which person was the first foreign national to receive the Bharat Ratna?
- A. Mother Teresa
- B. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
- C. Mahatma Gandhi
- D. Nelson Mandela
Answer: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Explanation: Ghaffar Khan (1987); Mandela (1990) was the second. Mother Teresa was Indian-citizen at award (1980).
962. The Bharat Ratna was first awarded in 1954 to all EXCEPT:
- A. S. Radhakrishnan
- B. Jawaharlal Nehru
- C. C. V. Raman
- D. C. Rajagopalachari
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Nehru received it in 1955.
963. The Padma Awards were instituted in the year:
- A. 1950
- B. 1960
- C. 1954
- D. 1969
Answer: 1954
Explanation: Bharat Ratna and Padma awards were both instituted in 1954.
964. Who was the first woman President of the UN General Assembly, from India?
- A. Sarojini Naidu
- B. Indira Gandhi
- C. Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
- D. Vijayalakshmi Pandit
Answer: Vijayalakshmi Pandit
Explanation: Pandit presided over the 8th UNGA session in 1953.
965. Who was the first woman Governor of an Indian state?
- A. Padmaja Naidu
- B. Sucheta Kripalani
- C. Sarojini Naidu
- D. Vijayalakshmi Pandit
Answer: Sarojini Naidu
Explanation: Naidu was Governor of United Provinces from 1947.
966. Who was the longest-serving Chief Minister of Sikkim?
- A. Pawan Kumar Chamling
- B. Prem Singh Tamang
- C. B. B. Gurung
- D. Nar Bahadur Bhandari
Answer: Pawan Kumar Chamling
Explanation: Chamling served 1994-2019, the longest CM tenure in India's states.
967. The Pokhran-II tests were conducted in May 1998 under which code name?
- A. Operation Vijay
- B. Operation Trishul
- C. Smiling Buddha
- D. Operation Shakti
Answer: Operation Shakti
Explanation: Five tests on 11 and 13 May 1998 under PM Vajpayee.
968. Who headed the Pokhran-I test team in 1974 (Smiling Buddha)?
- A. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
- B. R. Chidambaram
- C. Raja Ramanna
- D. Homi Sethna
Answer: Raja Ramanna
Explanation: Raja Ramanna directed BARC and the 18 May 1974 test.
969. Who is regarded as the father of India's nuclear programme?
- A. P. K. Iyengar
- B. Raja Ramanna
- C. Vikram Sarabhai
- D. Homi J. Bhabha
Answer: Homi J. Bhabha
Explanation: Bhabha founded TIFR (1945) and AEC (1948).
970. Who is called the 'Father of the Green Revolution in India'?
- A. B. P. Pal
- B. C. Subramaniam
- C. Verghese Kurien
- D. M. S. Swaminathan
Answer: M. S. Swaminathan
Explanation: Swaminathan worked with Borlaug's high-yielding wheat varieties.
971. The 'Father of the White Revolution' in India is:
- A. Jagjivan Ram
- B. M. S. Swaminathan
- C. Norman Borlaug
- D. Verghese Kurien
Answer: Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Kurien led Operation Flood from 1970.
972. Which Indian Army officer was the first to be promoted Field Marshal (in 1973)?
- A. Sam Manekshaw
- B. Thimayya
- C. K. M. Cariappa
- D. Bipin Rawat
Answer: Sam Manekshaw
Explanation: Manekshaw led the army in the 1971 war; Cariappa got the rank in 1986.
973. Who was the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army?
- A. K. M. Cariappa
- B. Rajendra Sinhji
- C. Sam Manekshaw
- D. K. S. Thimayya
Answer: K. M. Cariappa
Explanation: Cariappa was C-in-C from 1949 and became Field Marshal in 1986.
974. Who was the first Indian Governor-General of independent India?
- A. C. Rajagopalachari
- B. Jawaharlal Nehru
- C. Lord Mountbatten
- D. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: C. Rajagopalachari
Explanation: Rajaji served as the last Governor-General (1948-50).
975. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in:
- A. August 1932
- B. March 1931
- C. January 1935
- D. March 1930
Answer: March 1931
Explanation: Signed 5 March 1931; Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference.
976. The Poona Pact (1932) was signed between:
- A. Gandhi and Ambedkar
- B. Nehru and Jinnah
- C. Tilak and Annie Besant
- D. Gandhi and Irwin
Answer: Gandhi and Ambedkar
Explanation: It replaced separate electorates for the Depressed Classes with reserved seats.
977. 'Lokmanya' is the title associated with:
- A. G. K. Gokhale
- B. Bipin Chandra Pal
- C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- D. Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Explanation: Tilak published Kesari and Mahratta; he said 'Swaraj is my birthright'.
978. Who is known as the 'Iron Man of India'?
- A. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- B. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- C. Lal Bahadur Shastri
- D. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Explanation: Patel integrated 562 princely states.
979. Who presided over the 1929 Lahore session of Congress that declared Purna Swaraj?
- A. Sardar Patel
- B. Motilal Nehru
- C. C. R. Das
- D. Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Nehru presided; the tricolour was hoisted on the Ravi bank on 31 Dec 1929.
980. Who gave the slogan 'Do or Die' during the Quit India Movement?
- A. Subhas Bose
- B. Mahatma Gandhi
- C. Sardar Patel
- D. Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi said it at Gowalia Tank Maidan, Bombay, on 8 Aug 1942.
981. Who gave the slogan 'Inquilab Zindabad'?
- A. Bhagat Singh
- B. Hasrat Mohani
- C. Chandrashekhar Azad
- D. Ram Prasad Bismil
Answer: Hasrat Mohani
Explanation: Maulana Hasrat Mohani coined it in 1921; Bhagat Singh popularised it.
982. The Rani of Jhansi Regiment of the INA was commanded by:
- A. Sarojini Naidu
- B. Lakshmi Sahgal
- C. Aruna Asaf Ali
- D. Annie Besant
Answer: Lakshmi Sahgal
Explanation: Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan (Sahgal) led the women's regiment.
983. Who founded the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) in its first form in 1942 in Singapore?
- A. Shah Nawaz Khan
- B. Mohan Singh
- C. Rash Behari Bose
- D. Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: Mohan Singh
Explanation: Captain Mohan Singh formed the first INA; Subhas Bose took over in 1943.
984. The Constituent Assembly adopted 'Jana Gana Mana' as the National Anthem on:
- A. 22 July 1947
- B. 15 August 1947
- C. 24 January 1950
- D. 26 January 1950
Answer: 24 January 1950
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly adopted it on 24 Jan 1950; its full rendition takes about 52 seconds.
985. The National Song 'Vande Mataram' was first sung in a Congress session in:
- A. 1885
- B. 1896
- C. 1905
- D. 1911
Answer: 1896
Explanation: Rabindranath Tagore sang it at the 1896 Calcutta session.
986. India's national tree, the banyan, has the scientific name:
- A. Azadirachta indica
- B. Ficus benghalensis
- C. Mangifera indica
- D. Ficus religiosa
Answer: Ficus benghalensis
Explanation: Ficus religiosa is the peepal.
987. India's national heritage animal is:
- A. Elephant
- B. Rhinoceros
- C. Lion
- D. Tiger
Answer: Elephant
Explanation: The elephant was declared National Heritage Animal in 2010.
988. India's national aquatic animal is:
- A. Dugong
- B. Gharial
- C. Olive Ridley turtle
- D. Ganges river dolphin
Answer: Ganges river dolphin
Explanation: Platanista gangetica was notified in 2009.
989. India's national bird is:
- A. Indian peafowl
- B. Sarus crane
- C. Indian roller
- D. Great Indian bustard
Answer: Indian peafowl
Explanation: The peacock (Pavo cristatus) was declared national bird in 1963.
990. The year of the 'Great Divide' in India's demographic history, when population began to rise sharply, is:
- A. 1921
- B. 1901
- C. 1971
- D. 1951
Answer: 1921
Explanation: Population started rising continuously after 1921 as death rates fell.
991. Which census was the first after Independence?
- A. 1961
- B. 1951
- C. 1947
- D. 1941
Answer: 1951
Explanation: The 1951 census gave a population of about 36.1 crore.
992. The first synchronous census of India was conducted in:
- A. 1891
- B. 1881
- C. 1901
- D. 1872
Answer: 1881
Explanation: 1872 was non-synchronous; 1881 under W. C. Plowden was the first synchronous census.
993. The 2011 Census of India was which national census since 1872?
- A. 15th
- B. 14th
- C. 13th
- D. 16th
Answer: 15th
Explanation: The 2011 census was the 15th since 1872 and 7th since independence.
994. The urban population share of India in Census 2011 was:
- A. 40%
- B. 35.5%
- C. 27.8%
- D. 31.16%
Answer: 31.16%
Explanation: Urban population was 37.7 crore, up from 27.81% in 2001.
995. Which Indian state recorded a negative decadal growth in Census 2011?
- A. Nagaland
- B. Sikkim
- C. Kerala
- D. Goa
Answer: Nagaland
Explanation: Nagaland recorded -0.58%.
996. The decadal growth rate of India's population in 2001-2011 was:
- A. 17.64%
- B. 21.54%
- C. 15.2%
- D. 23.87%
Answer: 17.64%
Explanation: It was 21.54% in 1991-2001.
997. Which state has the lowest population density as per Census 2011?
- A. Mizoram
- B. Arunachal Pradesh
- C. Sikkim
- D. Himachal Pradesh
Answer: Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal has 17 persons per sq km.
998. India's population density in Census 2011 was:
- A. 382 per sq km
- B. 450 per sq km
- C. 410 per sq km
- D. 325 per sq km
Answer: 382 per sq km
Explanation: Density rose from 325 (2001) to 382; Bihar (1106) is highest among states.
999. The most populous district of India in Census 2011 was:
- A. Bangalore
- B. Pune
- C. North 24 Parganas
- D. Thane
Answer: Thane
Explanation: Thane (Maharashtra) had about 1.1 crore; North 24 Parganas was second.
1000. Which Union Territory had the lowest sex ratio in Census 2011?
- A. Delhi
- B. Daman and Diu
- C. Chandigarh
- D. Andaman and Nicobar
Answer: Daman and Diu
Explanation: Daman and Diu recorded 618.
1001. Which state had the highest sex ratio in Census 2011?
- A. Chhattisgarh
- B. Kerala
- C. Puducherry
- D. Tamil Nadu
Answer: Kerala
Explanation: Kerala had 1084 females per 1000 males (Puducherry 1037 among UTs).
1002. Which state had the lowest literacy rate in Census 2011?
- A. Jharkhand
- B. Rajasthan
- C. Bihar
- D. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: Bihar
Explanation: Bihar had 63.82%.
1003. Which state had the highest literacy rate in Census 2011?
- A. Tripura
- B. Kerala
- C. Mizoram
- D. Goa
Answer: Kerala
Explanation: Kerala 93.91%; Bihar was lowest at 63.82%.
1004. India's literacy rate in Census 2011 (7+ years) was:
- A. 79.5%
- B. 74.04%
- C. 71.2%
- D. 65.38%
Answer: 74.04%
Explanation: Male 82.14%, female 65.46%.
1005. The child sex ratio (0-6 years) in Census 2011 was:
- A. 900
- B. 927
- C. 945
- D. 919
Answer: 919
Explanation: It fell from 927 (2001) to 919 (2011).
1006. The sex ratio of India in Census 2011 was:
- A. 933
- B. 940
- C. 943
- D. 927
Answer: 943
Explanation: 943 females per 1000 males, highest since 1971 (930).
1007. India's population as per Census 2011 was (provisional rounded):
- A. 121.09 crore
- B. 135.0 crore
- C. 110.5 crore
- D. 102.87 crore
Answer: 121.09 crore
Explanation: Census 2011 recorded 1,210,854,977 persons.
1008. The PM Vishwakarma scheme launched on 17 September 2023 targets:
- A. Transgender persons
- B. Fishermen
- C. Traditional artisans and craftspeople
- D. Women farmers
Answer: Traditional artisans and craftspeople
Explanation: It offers skill training, toolkit incentive and collateral-free credit to artisans.
1009. The Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana was launched in response to:
- A. GST
- B. COVID-19 lockdown
- C. Demonetisation
- D. Drought of 2015
Answer: COVID-19 lockdown
Explanation: It provided 5 kg free foodgrain per person per month from April 2020.
1010. The Jal Jeevan Mission aims to provide functional household tap connections to every rural household by:
- A. 2022
- B. 2024
- C. 2026
- D. 2030
Answer: 2024
Explanation: Launched 15 Aug 2019 under the Jal Shakti ministry with a 2024 target (later extended).
1011. The National Education Policy 2020 was drafted by a committee headed by:
- A. Yash Pal
- B. D. S. Kothari
- C. K. Kasturirangan
- D. T. S. R. Subramanian
Answer: K. Kasturirangan
Explanation: The Kasturirangan committee submitted the draft in 2019.
1012. National Education Policy 2020 proposed a new school structure of:
- A. 5+3+3+4
- B. 10+2
- C. 6+3+3
- D. 8+4
Answer: 5+3+3+4
Explanation: NEP 2020 replaced the 10+2 system by foundational, preparatory, middle and secondary stages.
1013. Startup India was announced on:
- A. 26 January 2016
- B. 2 October 2015
- C. 15 August 2015
- D. 1 April 2016
Answer: 15 August 2015
Explanation: Announced in the Independence Day speech 2015 and launched 16 Jan 2016.
1014. The Make in India initiative was launched in:
- A. January 2016
- B. March 2015
- C. September 2014
- D. May 2014
Answer: September 2014
Explanation: Launched on 25 September 2014; logo is a lion made of gear wheels.
1015. The Digital India programme was launched on:
- A. 1 July 2015
- B. 15 August 2015
- C. 26 January 2016
- D. 2 October 2014
Answer: 1 July 2015
Explanation: Launched on 1 July 2015 with a week-long celebration.
1016. The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana farmers' premium for Kharif food crops is:
- A. 1.5%
- B. 5%
- C. 2% of sum insured
- D. 10%
Answer: 2% of sum insured
Explanation: Farmers pay 2% for Kharif, 1.5% for Rabi food/oilseeds, 5% for commercial/horticultural crops.
1017. PM-KISAN provides income support to farmer families of Rs 6,000 per year in how many instalments?
- A. Three equal
- B. Four equal
- C. Two equal
- D. Six equal
Answer: Three equal
Explanation: Rs 2,000 each every four months, transferred via DBT.
1018. MGNREGA was first launched in 2006 in how many districts?
- A. 200
- B. 50
- C. 100
- D. 350
Answer: 200
Explanation: The scheme began on 2 Feb 2006 at Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, in 200 districts.
1019. MGNREGA guarantees how many days of wage employment per rural household per year?
- A. 120 days
- B. 100 days
- C. 200 days
- D. 150 days
Answer: 100 days
Explanation: The 2005 Act guarantees 100 days of unskilled manual work to willing adults.
1020. Sukanya Samriddhi Account can be opened for a girl child below the age of:
- A. 14 years
- B. 5 years
- C. 18 years
- D. 10 years
Answer: 10 years
Explanation: Opened for a girl up to 10 years, it matures 21 years after opening.
1021. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao was launched in 2015 from which place?
- A. Panipat, Haryana
- B. Lucknow
- C. Bhopal
- D. Jaipur
Answer: Panipat, Haryana
Explanation: It was launched at Panipat on 22 January 2015.
1022. The Swachh Bharat Mission was launched on:
- A. 15 August 2014
- B. 25 December 2014
- C. 26 January 2015
- D. 2 October 2014
Answer: 2 October 2014
Explanation: Launched at Rajghat on Gandhi's 145th birth anniversary.
1023. Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY offers health cover per family per year of up to:
- A. Rs 3 lakh
- B. Rs 10 lakh
- C. Rs 2 lakh
- D. Rs 5 lakh
Answer: Rs 5 lakh
Explanation: PM-JAY (launched 23 Sept 2018 at Ranchi) gives Rs 5 lakh secondary and tertiary cover.
1024. The Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) provides LPG connections to women from:
- A. Below-poverty-line households
- B. Urban middle class
- C. Government employees
- D. Widows only
Answer: Below-poverty-line households
Explanation: PMUY was launched on 1 May 2016 at Ballia, Uttar Pradesh.
1025. PM Mudra Yojana 'Tarun' category provides loans of:
- A. Rs 50,000 to Rs 5 lakh
- B. Above Rs 5 lakh up to Rs 10 lakh
- C. Up to Rs 50,000
- D. Rs 10 lakh to Rs 20 lakh
Answer: Above Rs 5 lakh up to Rs 10 lakh
Explanation: Shishu up to Rs 50,000; Kishore Rs 50,000-5 lakh; Tarun Rs 5-10 lakh (Tarun Plus later up to Rs 20 lakh).
1026. Stand-Up India scheme (2016) offers bank loans between Rs 10 lakh and Rs 1 crore to:
- A. SC/ST and women entrepreneurs
- B. Farmers
- C. Defence personnel
- D. Students
Answer: SC/ST and women entrepreneurs
Explanation: It supports at least one SC/ST and one woman borrower per bank branch for greenfield enterprises.
1027. The entry age band for subscribing to the Atal Pension Yojana is:
- A. 25 to 50 years
- B. 18 to 40 years
- C. 21 to 45 years
- D. 18 to 60 years
Answer: 18 to 40 years
Explanation: APY is open to Indian citizens between 18 and 40.
1028. The Atal Pension Yojana is administered by:
- A. PFRDA
- B. SEBI
- C. EPFO
- D. IRDAI
Answer: PFRDA
Explanation: APY, launched 2015, is run by PFRDA; it gives Rs 1,000-5,000 monthly pension at age 60.
1029. The annual premium of Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) is:
- A. Rs 12
- B. Rs 436
- C. Rs 330
- D. Rs 20
Answer: Rs 436
Explanation: PMJJBY gives Rs 2 lakh life cover; premium was revised from Rs 330 to Rs 436 in 2022.
1030. The annual premium under Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) is:
- A. Rs 12
- B. Rs 436
- C. Rs 330
- D. Rs 20
Answer: Rs 20
Explanation: PMSBY gives Rs 2 lakh accidental death/disability cover for Rs 20 a year (initially Rs 12).
1031. Under PM Jan Dhan Yojana, the accident insurance cover provided with the RuPay card for accounts opened after 28 Aug 2018 is:
- A. Rs 2 lakh
- B. Rs 5 lakh
- C. Rs 30,000
- D. Rs 1 lakh
Answer: Rs 2 lakh
Explanation: The cover was raised from Rs 1 lakh to Rs 2 lakh for accounts opened after 28 Aug 2018.
1032. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana was launched on:
- A. 2 October 2014
- B. 1 January 2015
- C. 15 August 2014
- D. 28 August 2014
Answer: 28 August 2014
Explanation: PMJDY was launched on 28 Aug 2014 for universal banking access.
1033. Which central force's motto is 'Seva, Suraksha aur Bandhutva'?
- A. Assam Rifles
- B. CISF
- C. NDRF
- D. Sashastra Seema Bal
Answer: Sashastra Seema Bal
Explanation: SSB (raised 1963) guards Nepal and Bhutan borders.
1034. The ITBP was raised in 1962 after which event?
- A. Goa liberation
- B. Indo-Pak War
- C. Sino-Indian War
- D. Bangladesh war
Answer: Sino-Indian War
Explanation: ITBP was raised on 24 Oct 1962 for the Himalayan border.
1035. The Border Security Force (BSF) was raised in which year?
- A. 1969
- B. 1988
- C. 1965
- D. 1962
Answer: 1965
Explanation: BSF was raised on 1 December 1965 after the Indo-Pak war.
1036. The National Security Guard (NSG) was raised in 1984 following which operation?
- A. Operation Cactus
- B. Operation Pawan
- C. Operation Meghdoot
- D. Operation Blue Star
Answer: Operation Blue Star
Explanation: NSG, the 'Black Cats', was set up after Operation Blue Star and Indira Gandhi's assassination.
1037. The National Investigation Agency (NIA) was constituted after which event?
- A. 1993 Mumbai blasts
- B. Kargil conflict
- C. 2001 Parliament attack
- D. 26/11 Mumbai attacks
Answer: 26/11 Mumbai attacks
Explanation: The NIA Act 2008 was passed in December 2008 after the 26/11 attacks.
1038. The Central Bureau of Investigation was established on the recommendation of:
- A. Sarkaria Commission
- B. Dhebar Commission
- C. Santhanam Committee
- D. Tarkunde Committee
Answer: Santhanam Committee
Explanation: CBI was set up on 1 April 1963 on Santhanam Committee recommendation.
1039. Where is the headquarters of the Indian Space Research Organisation?
- A. Sriharikota
- B. Bengaluru
- C. Thiruvananthapuram
- D. Hyderabad
Answer: Bengaluru
Explanation: ISRO HQ is at Antariksh Bhavan, Bengaluru.
1040. The headquarters of SEBI is located at:
- A. Pune
- B. Mumbai (BKC)
- C. New Delhi
- D. Hyderabad
Answer: Mumbai (BKC)
Explanation: SEBI got statutory status through the SEBI Act, 1992.
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