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2721. The National Executive Committee (NEC) constituted under the DM Act 2005 is chaired by whom?
- A. Cabinet Secretary
- B. National Security Advisor
- C. Secretary to the Government of India in charge of the Ministry of Home Affairs
- D. Prime Minister
Answer: Secretary to the Government of India in charge of the Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: Under Section 8 of the DM Act 2005, the Union Home Secretary is the ex-officio Chairperson of the National Executive Committee, which assists the NDMA.
2722. Who serves as the ex-officio Co-Chairperson of the District Disaster Management Authority?
- A. Superintendent of Police of the district
- B. Elected representative of the local authority, appointed by the state government
- C. Chief Medical Officer of the district
- D. District Forest Officer
Answer: Elected representative of the local authority, appointed by the state government
Explanation: Section 25 provides that an elected representative of the local authority, as appointed by the state government, acts as the Co-Chairperson of the DDMA, except in tribal areas where a different arrangement applies.
2723. Who is the ex-officio Chairperson of a District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA)?
- A. Superintendent of Police
- B. District Collector/District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner
- C. Chief Executive Officer, Zilla Parishad
- D. Divisional Commissioner
Answer: District Collector/District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner
Explanation: Under Section 25 of the DM Act 2005, the District Collector/Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner of the district is the ex-officio Chairperson of the DDMA.
2724. Who chairs the State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) in a state?
- A. Chief Secretary of the state
- B. State Home Minister
- C. Governor of the state
- D. Chief Minister of the state
Answer: Chief Minister of the state
Explanation: Under Section 14 of the DM Act 2005, the Chief Minister of the state is the ex-officio Chairperson of the State Disaster Management Authority.
2725. As per the DM Act 2005, the NDMA may consist of the Chairperson and how many other members not exceeding, as the Central Government may notify?
- A. Five
- B. Fifteen
- C. Nine
- D. Twelve
Answer: Nine
Explanation: Section 3(2) of the DM Act 2005 provides that the NDMA shall consist of the Chairperson and not more than nine other members as notified by the Central Government.
2726. Who is the ex-officio Chairperson of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)?
- A. Cabinet Secretary
- B. Prime Minister of India
- C. President of India
- D. Union Home Minister
Answer: Prime Minister of India
Explanation: Under Section 3(2) of the DM Act 2005, the Prime Minister is the ex-officio Chairperson of the NDMA.
2727. Which authority is the apex statutory body for disaster management at the national level under the DM Act, 2005?
- A. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
- B. National Executive Committee (NEC)
- C. National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM)
- D. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
Answer: National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
Explanation: The NDMA, established under Section 3 of the DM Act 2005, is the apex body responsible for laying down policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management.
2728. The Disaster Management Act was enacted by the Parliament of India in which year?
- A. 2001
- B. 2010
- C. 1999
- D. 2005
Answer: 2005
Explanation: The Disaster Management Act, 2005 was enacted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami to provide a statutory framework for disaster management in India.
2729. As per Census 2011 data, which Indian state had the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribe (ST) population relative to its total population?
- A. Mizoram
- B. Jharkhand
- C. Chhattisgarh
- D. Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Mizoram
Explanation: As per Census 2011, Mizoram recorded the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribe population at about 94.4% of its total population, among major states/UTs with significant ST percentage.
2730. The Census of India categorizes a town as a 'Census Town' based primarily on which criteria, distinguishing it from a 'Statutory Town'?
- A. Being a state capital
- B. Population, density, and percentage of male workers in non-agricultural activity (no municipal body)
- C. Presence of a railway station
- D. Having a district headquarters
Answer: Population, density, and percentage of male workers in non-agricultural activity (no municipal body)
Explanation: A Census Town satisfies criteria like minimum population of 5,000, density of at least 400 persons per sq km, and at least 75% of male working population in non-agricultural activities, but lacks a statutory municipal body, unlike a Statutory Town.
2731. Who presented the Union Budget for the maximum number of times in Indian history, including a record streak in recent years?
- A. Yashwant Sinha
- B. P. Chidambaram
- C. Morarji Desai
- D. Nirmala Sitharaman
Answer: Nirmala Sitharaman
Explanation: Nirmala Sitharaman has presented the Union Budget eight consecutive times (2019-2026), surpassing Morarji Desai's earlier record of six budgets.
2732. The Union Budget of India is presented in Parliament typically on which date (as per the practice adopted since 2017)?
- A. 1 February
- B. 28 February
- C. 31 March
- D. 1 April
Answer: 1 February
Explanation: Since 2017, the Union Budget has been presented on 1 February, moving away from the earlier practice of presenting it on the last working day of February.
2733. India's Economic Survey, presented annually in Parliament before the Union Budget, is prepared under the guidance of which official?
- A. Cabinet Secretary
- B. Chief Economic Adviser
- C. RBI Governor
- D. Finance Secretary
Answer: Chief Economic Adviser
Explanation: The Economic Survey is prepared under the guidance of the Chief Economic Adviser to the Government of India, within the Department of Economic Affairs.
2734. The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) began its operations in which year?
- A. 2000
- B. 1991
- C. 1994
- D. 1988
Answer: 1994
Explanation: The National Stock Exchange of India was incorporated in 1992 and began its trading operations in 1994 in the wholesale debt market segment.
2735. Which Indian city is home to the headquarters of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), Asia's oldest stock exchange?
- A. Ahmedabad
- B. Mumbai
- C. New Delhi
- D. Kolkata
Answer: Mumbai
Explanation: The Bombay Stock Exchange, established in 1875, is Asia's oldest stock exchange and is headquartered in Mumbai.
2736. The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) was formed through the nationalization of private insurers in which year?
- A. 1950
- B. 1956
- C. 1969
- D. 1947
Answer: 1956
Explanation: LIC was formed in 1956 by nationalizing and merging over 245 private life insurance companies and provident societies operating in India at the time.
2737. The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) was established as a statutory body under an Act passed in which year?
- A. 1956
- B. 1991
- C. 1999
- D. 2000
Answer: 1999
Explanation: IRDAI was established under the IRDA Act, 1999, to regulate and develop the insurance and reinsurance industry in India.
2738. The Exim Bank of India (Export-Import Bank), which finances and facilitates foreign trade, was set up in which year?
- A. 1969
- B. 1975
- C. 1982
- D. 1990
Answer: 1982
Explanation: The Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) was established in 1982 to finance, facilitate, and promote India's foreign trade.
2739. The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) was established to promote and finance which sector?
- A. Information technology exclusively
- B. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
- C. Agricultural exports
- D. Large-scale heavy industries
Answer: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
Explanation: SIDBI, established in 1990, is the principal financial institution for promoting, financing, and developing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in India.
2740. Which bank serves as India's apex institution for long-term rural credit and agricultural development, established in 1982?
- A. NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development)
- B. IDBI
- C. SIDBI
- D. EXIM Bank
Answer: NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development)
Explanation: NABARD, established in 1982, is India's apex development bank for providing and regulating credit and other facilities for agriculture and rural development.
2741. The current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (as of 2025) is:
- A. Urjit Patel
- B. Sanjay Malhotra
- C. Shaktikanta Das
- D. Raghuram Rajan
Answer: Sanjay Malhotra
Explanation: Sanjay Malhotra took charge as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India in December 2024, succeeding Shaktikanta Das.
2742. The RuPay card payment network, developed as an alternative to international card networks like Visa and Mastercard, was launched by:
- A. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)
- B. Reserve Bank of India
- C. SEBI
- D. State Bank of India
Answer: National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)
Explanation: RuPay was launched by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in 2012 as a domestic card payment network alternative to international networks.
2743. The Unified Payments Interface (UPI), India's instant real-time payment system, was launched by which organization?
- A. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)
- B. State Bank of India
- C. Ministry of Finance
- D. Reserve Bank of India
Answer: National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)
Explanation: UPI was developed and launched by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in 2016, revolutionizing digital payments in the country.
2744. Demonetization of ₹500 and ₹1000 currency notes in India was announced by the Prime Minister on which date in 2016?
- A. 15 August
- B. 1 July
- C. 8 November
- D. 31 December
Answer: 8 November
Explanation: Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the demonetization of ₹500 and ₹1000 currency notes on 8 November 2016, with immediate effect from midnight.
2745. The 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, which paved the way for the implementation of GST, was passed in which year?
- A. 2017
- B. 2016
- C. 2014
- D. 2015
Answer: 2016
Explanation: The Constitution (101st Amendment) Act, 2016, introduced the legal framework for the Goods and Services Tax regime in India.
2746. The Goods and Services Tax (GST), India's major indirect tax reform, was implemented across the country with effect from which date?
- A. 1 January 2018
- B. 1 April 2016
- C. 26 January 2017
- D. 1 July 2017
Answer: 1 July 2017
Explanation: GST was implemented across India with effect from 1 July 2017, replacing multiple indirect taxes with a unified tax structure.
2747. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), a key economic reform law, was enacted in India in which year?
- A. 2019
- B. 2010
- C. 2014
- D. 2016
Answer: 2016
Explanation: The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code was enacted in 2016 to consolidate and streamline insolvency resolution processes for companies and individuals.
2748. The Competition Commission of India (CCI), which regulates anti-competitive business practices, was established under an Act of which year?
- A. 2009
- B. 1969
- C. 1991
- D. 2002
Answer: 2002
Explanation: The Competition Commission of India was established under the Competition Act, 2002, replacing the earlier Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Commission.
2749. The Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) functions under which department?
- A. Reserve Bank of India
- B. Ministry of Home Affairs
- C. Ministry of Corporate Affairs
- D. Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance
Answer: Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance
Explanation: FIU-IND, established in 2004, functions under the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, as the national agency for receiving and analyzing financial transaction information.
2750. The Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) of India functions under which ministry?
- A. Ministry of Finance
- B. Ministry of External Affairs
- C. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
- D. Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: The Narcotics Control Bureau, established in 1986, functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs to combat drug trafficking and abuse of narcotic substances.
2751. The Enforcement Directorate (ED) in India primarily investigates offences related to:
- A. Road traffic violations
- B. Environmental pollution
- C. Economic laws, money laundering, and foreign exchange violations
- D. Terrorism and insurgency
Answer: Economic laws, money laundering, and foreign exchange violations
Explanation: The Enforcement Directorate investigates offences related to economic laws, including the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) and the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).
2752. The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC), India's apex anti-corruption body, was established in which year?
- A. 1991
- B. 1964
- C. 1975
- D. 1950
Answer: 1964
Explanation: The Central Vigilance Commission was set up in 1964 on the recommendation of the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption, and later given statutory status in 2003.
2753. Who was appointed as the first Lokpal of India in 2019?
- A. Justice Ranjan Gogoi
- B. Justice Dipak Misra
- C. Justice N.V. Ramana
- D. Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose
Answer: Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose
Explanation: Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose, a former Supreme Court judge, was appointed as India's first Lokpal in March 2019.
2754. Lokpal, the anti-corruption ombudsman institution at the central level in India, was established under an Act passed in which year?
- A. 2005
- B. 2011
- C. 2019
- D. 2013
Answer: 2013
Explanation: The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act was passed in 2013, providing for the establishment of the Lokpal at the centre and Lokayuktas in states to address corruption complaints.
2755. The Right to Information (RTI) Act, which empowers citizens to seek information from public authorities, was enacted in which year?
- A. 1998
- B. 2000
- C. 2010
- D. 2005
Answer: 2005
Explanation: The Right to Information Act was enacted in 2005, empowering Indian citizens to request information from public authorities.
2756. The National Commission for Scheduled Castes derives its constitutional status from which article, as amended by the 89th Constitutional Amendment?
- A. Article 330
- B. Article 340
- C. Article 338
- D. Article 341
Answer: Article 338
Explanation: The National Commission for Scheduled Castes derives its status from Article 338 of the Constitution, which was amended by the 89th Amendment Act, 2003, to create a separate commission from the earlier combined SC/ST commission.
2757. The National Commission for Women (NCW) in India was set up under an Act passed in which year?
- A. 1985
- B. 1990
- C. 1993
- D. 2001
Answer: 1990
Explanation: The National Commission for Women was set up in 1992 under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990, to safeguard women's rights.
2758. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India was established under which Act?
- A. National Commission Act, 1990
- B. Human Rights Protection Act, 1985
- C. Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act, 1976
- D. Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
Answer: Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
Explanation: The National Human Rights Commission was established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, to safeguard human rights in India.
2759. Human Rights Day is observed every year on 10 December, the date on which which document was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948?
- A. UN Charter
- B. Geneva Convention
- C. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
- D. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Answer: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Explanation: Human Rights Day commemorates the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948.
2760. World Press Freedom Day is observed internationally on which date?
- A. 3 May
- B. 16 November
- C. 21 June
- D. 10 December
Answer: 3 May
Explanation: World Press Freedom Day is observed on 3 May every year, a date proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 1993.
2761. National Press Day in India is observed every year on which date to mark the establishment of the Press Council of India?
- A. 3 May
- B. 6 January
- C. 16 November
- D. 30 May
Answer: 16 November
Explanation: National Press Day is observed on 16 November, the date the Press Council of India began functioning as a moral watchdog of the press in 1966.
2762. The Moortidevi Award, a literary honour given by the Bharatiya Jnanpith, recognizes works that reflect which theme?
- A. Foreign policy
- B. Sports achievements
- C. Space science
- D. Indian philosophy and culture
Answer: Indian philosophy and culture
Explanation: The Moortidevi Award, instituted by the Bharatiya Jnanpith, honours outstanding literary works reflecting Indian philosophy, culture, and spiritual thought.
2763. The Vyas Samman 2023 for Hindi literature was awarded for a work by which author?
- A. Harivansh Rai Bachchan
- B. Munshi Premchand
- C. Specific recipient varies by year; the award recognizes outstanding Hindi literary work published in the preceding decade
- D. Mahadevi Verma
Answer: Specific recipient varies by year; the award recognizes outstanding Hindi literary work published in the preceding decade
Explanation: The Vyas Samman, instituted by the K.K. Birla Foundation, is awarded annually for an outstanding Hindi literary work published in the preceding ten years; recipients vary each year.
2764. The book 'Gitanjali', for which Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913, is primarily a collection of:
- A. Essays on nationalism
- B. Devotional poems
- C. Historical plays
- D. Short stories
Answer: Devotional poems
Explanation: Gitanjali ('Song Offerings') is a collection of devotional poems by Rabindranath Tagore, which he translated into English, earning him the 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature.
2765. Which Indian author won the International Booker Prize in 2022 for the Hindi novel 'Tomb of Sand' ('Ret Samadhi')?
- A. Arundhati Roy
- B. Kiran Desai
- C. Anita Desai
- D. Geetanjali Shree
Answer: Geetanjali Shree
Explanation: Geetanjali Shree won the International Booker Prize in 2022 for 'Tomb of Sand', the English translation of her Hindi novel 'Ret Samadhi', making it the first Hindi novel to win the award.
2766. The Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour conferred by the Sahitya Akademi, is restricted to how many living fellows at a time?
- A. 10
- B. 21
- C. 25
- D. 15
Answer: 21
Explanation: The Sahitya Akademi Fellowship is restricted to a maximum of 21 living fellows at any given time, as the highest recognition given by the Akademi.
2767. 'Mission Indradhanush', a health initiative in India, aims to increase immunization coverage for which group?
- A. Elderly citizens above 70
- B. Industrial workers
- C. Unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children and pregnant women
- D. Armed forces personnel
Answer: Unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children and pregnant women
Explanation: Mission Indradhanush, launched in 2014, aims to rapidly increase full immunization coverage for unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children and pregnant women.
2768. India's indigenous COVID-19 vaccine, Covaxin, was developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with which government body?
- A. CSIR
- B. DRDO
- C. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
- D. Department of Science and Technology
Answer: Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Explanation: Covaxin was developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Virology, Pune.
2769. The Nipah virus outbreak, which has periodically affected parts of India, is most commonly associated with which Indian state?
- A. Assam
- B. Bihar
- C. Kerala
- D. Odisha
Answer: Kerala
Explanation: Kerala has experienced several Nipah virus outbreaks since 2018, most notably in Kozhikode district, prompting significant public health responses.
2770. The Jan Aushadhi Kendras, selling generic medicines at affordable prices, operate under which government scheme?
- A. National Health Mission
- B. Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
- C. Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana
- D. Ayushman Bharat
Answer: Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana
Explanation: Jan Aushadhi Kendras operate under the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP), providing quality generic medicines at affordable prices.
2771. The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) in India regulates the pricing of which category of products?
- A. Steel and cement
- B. Essential medicines and pharmaceutical drugs
- C. Agricultural seeds
- D. Petroleum products
Answer: Essential medicines and pharmaceutical drugs
Explanation: The NPPA regulates the prices of essential medicines and pharmaceutical drugs under the Drugs (Prices Control) Order to ensure affordability.
2772. The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), a premier research centre, was established by Homi J. Bhabha in which year?
- A. 1945
- B. 1954
- C. 1942
- D. 1950
Answer: 1945
Explanation: The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research was established in 1945 in Mumbai by Homi J. Bhabha with support from the Tata Trust.
2773. Who is popularly known as the 'Father of the Indian Nuclear Programme'?
- A. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
- B. Raja Ramanna
- C. Homi J. Bhabha
- D. Vikram Sarabhai
Answer: Homi J. Bhabha
Explanation: Homi J. Bhabha is widely regarded as the Father of the Indian Nuclear Programme for founding the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and the Atomic Energy Commission.
2774. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India's largest research and development organization, was established in which year?
- A. 1942
- B. 1935
- C. 1947
- D. 1950
Answer: 1942
Explanation: CSIR was established in 1942 as an autonomous body, and today operates a chain of 37 national laboratories across India.
2775. Indian Institute of Science (IISc), one of India's top research institutions, is located in which city and was founded with support from which industrialist?
- A. Mumbai; G.D. Birla
- B. Chennai; J.R.D. Tata
- C. Bengaluru; Jamsetji Tata
- D. Pune; Walchand Hirachand
Answer: Bengaluru; Jamsetji Tata
Explanation: The Indian Institute of Science, established in 1909 in Bengaluru, was founded with the vision and financial support of industrialist Jamsetji Tata.
2776. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India's premier medical institution, was established under an Act passed in which year?
- A. 1947
- B. 1970
- C. 1956
- D. 1961
Answer: 1956
Explanation: AIIMS, New Delhi was established under the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956, and began functioning as an autonomous institution.
2777. The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) system's oldest institute, IIT Kharagpur, was established in which year?
- A. 1958
- B. 1961
- C. 1951
- D. 1947
Answer: 1951
Explanation: IIT Kharagpur, the first of the IITs, was established in 1951 in West Bengal, originally on the site of the Hijli Detention Camp.
2778. The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI), launched by India, aims to promote resilience of infrastructure systems against:
- A. Trade sanctions
- B. Cyber-attacks
- C. Climate and disaster risks
- D. Currency fluctuations
Answer: Climate and disaster risks
Explanation: The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, launched by India in 2019, works to promote research and development in disaster and climate resilient infrastructure.
2779. The International Solar Alliance (ISA), co-founded by India and France, has its headquarters located at:
- A. New Delhi, India
- B. Gurugram, India
- C. Paris, France
- D. Geneva, Switzerland
Answer: Gurugram, India
Explanation: The International Solar Alliance, launched by India and France in 2015, has its headquarters at Gurugram, Haryana, India.
2780. India's 'Mission LiFE' (Lifestyle for Environment), launched at COP26, promotes a global movement for:
- A. Digital currency adoption
- B. Environmentally conscious individual lifestyle choices
- C. Military disarmament
- D. Space exploration cooperation
Answer: Environmentally conscious individual lifestyle choices
Explanation: Mission LiFE, launched by India at the COP26 summit in Glasgow in 2021, promotes environmentally conscious lifestyle choices to combat climate change.
2781. The Vibrant Village Programme, launched to develop infrastructure in border villages, primarily focuses on villages along the border with:
- A. China
- B. Myanmar
- C. Bangladesh
- D. Pakistan
Answer: China
Explanation: The Vibrant Village Programme, launched in 2023, focuses on developing essential infrastructure in villages along India's northern border with China.
2782. The 'Har Ghar Tiranga' campaign, encouraging citizens to hoist the national flag at their homes, was launched as part of which commemoration?
- A. Constitution Day celebrations
- B. Gandhi Jayanti 150th year
- C. Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav (75 years of independence)
- D. Republic Day centenary
Answer: Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav (75 years of independence)
Explanation: The 'Har Ghar Tiranga' campaign was launched in 2022 as part of the 'Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav' celebrations marking 75 years of India's independence.
2783. The PM SHRI (PM Schools for Rising India) scheme aims to develop model schools that showcase implementation of which policy?
- A. Mid-Day Meal Scheme
- B. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
- C. National Education Policy 2020
- D. Right to Education Act 2009
Answer: National Education Policy 2020
Explanation: PM SHRI schools, launched in 2022, are upgraded as model schools to exhibit the implementation of the National Education Policy 2020.
2784. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 replaced which earlier policy that had been in place since 1986?
- A. National Policy on Education, 1986
- B. Sargent Report, 1944
- C. University Education Commission, 1948
- D. Kothari Commission Report, 1964
Answer: National Policy on Education, 1986
Explanation: NEP 2020 replaced the National Policy on Education of 1986 (modified in 1992), introducing structural changes like the 5+3+3+4 schooling format.
2785. The National Research Foundation (NRF), established under an Act of 2023, aims to boost research in which domain?
- A. Science, technology, engineering, and allied fields across India
- B. Defence manufacturing only
- C. Classical literature only
- D. Sports science only
Answer: Science, technology, engineering, and allied fields across India
Explanation: The National Research Foundation Act, 2023, established the NRF to seed, grow, and promote research across science, technology, and allied disciplines in India's universities and institutions.
2786. The 'One Nation, One Election' concept, which proposes simultaneous elections to the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies, was studied by a high-level committee headed by:
- A. N.K. Singh
- B. N.V. Ramana
- C. Ranjan Gogoi
- D. Ram Nath Kovind
Answer: Ram Nath Kovind
Explanation: A high-level committee headed by former President Ram Nath Kovind was constituted in 2023 to examine the feasibility of simultaneous elections under 'One Nation, One Election'.
2787. The Women's Reservation Act, 2023 (Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam), provides for reservation of seats for women in which bodies?
- A. Panchayats only
- B. Rajya Sabha only
- C. Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies
- D. Municipal corporations only
Answer: Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies
Explanation: The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, passed in September 2023, provides for 33% reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.
2788. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), which replaced the Indian Penal Code, was enacted in which year before coming into force in 2024?
- A. 2022
- B. 2021
- C. 2023
- D. 2024
Answer: 2023
Explanation: The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita was passed by Parliament and received presidential assent in December 2023, coming into force on 1 July 2024.
2789. The three new criminal laws that replaced the Indian Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, and Indian Evidence Act came into effect in India in which year?
- A. 2023
- B. 2022
- C. 2025
- D. 2024
Answer: 2024
Explanation: The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam came into effect on 1 July 2024, replacing the colonial-era IPC, CrPC, and Evidence Act.
2790. The Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023, primarily aims to:
- A. Establish new regulatory bodies for e-commerce
- B. Increase tax rates on luxury goods
- C. Decriminalize minor offences in various laws to improve ease of doing business
- D. Reform the judicial appointment process
Answer: Decriminalize minor offences in various laws to improve ease of doing business
Explanation: The Jan Vishwas Act, 2023, amended 42 central laws to decriminalize and rationalize minor offences, promoting ease of doing business and living.
2791. The Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan, a self-reliance initiative, was announced by the Government of India in response to which crisis?
- A. 2016 demonetization aftermath
- B. 1991 balance of payments crisis
- C. COVID-19 pandemic economic disruption
- D. 2008 global financial crisis
Answer: COVID-19 pandemic economic disruption
Explanation: The Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan was announced in May 2020 as part of India's economic response to the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
2792. The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, aimed at boosting domestic manufacturing, was first introduced for which sector in 2020?
- A. Pharmaceuticals
- B. Textile
- C. Automobile
- D. Mobile manufacturing and electronics
Answer: Mobile manufacturing and electronics
Explanation: The PLI scheme was first introduced in 2020 for large-scale electronics manufacturing, including mobile phones, and was later extended to 13-14 other sectors.
2793. The PM GatiShakti National Master Plan, launched in 2021, primarily aims to achieve coordinated planning for:
- A. Educational curriculum reform
- B. Healthcare insurance expansion
- C. Agricultural subsidies
- D. Multi-modal infrastructure connectivity
Answer: Multi-modal infrastructure connectivity
Explanation: PM GatiShakti, launched in October 2021, is a national master plan for coordinated, multi-modal infrastructure connectivity across roads, railways, ports, and other modes.
2794. The Char Dham Pariyojana, an all-weather road development project, aims to connect which four pilgrimage sites in Uttarakhand?
- A. Haridwar, Rishikesh, Kedarnath, Badrinath
- B. Gangotri, Kedarnath, Badrinath, Nainital
- C. Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath, Badrinath
- D. Yamunotri, Rishikesh, Kedarnath, Mussoorie
Answer: Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath, Badrinath
Explanation: The Char Dham Pariyojana connects the four sacred shrines of Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath, and Badrinath in Uttarakhand through all-weather roads.
2795. The Sengol, a historic sceptre installed in the new Parliament building, was originally associated with the transfer of power in which year?
- A. 1950
- B. 1935
- C. 1947
- D. 1952
Answer: 1947
Explanation: The Sengol was presented to Jawaharlal Nehru in August 1947 to symbolize the transfer of power from the British, and was installed in the new Parliament building in 2023.
2796. The Central Vista redevelopment project, which includes the new Parliament House, was inaugurated in which year?
- A. 2023
- B. 2022
- C. 2020
- D. 2024
Answer: 2023
Explanation: The new Parliament House, part of the Central Vista redevelopment project, was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 28 May 2023.
2797. The Statue of Equality, a 216-feet statue of Sri Ramanujacharya, was unveiled in 2022 in which city?
- A. Chennai
- B. Bengaluru
- C. Tirupati
- D. Hyderabad
Answer: Hyderabad
Explanation: The Statue of Equality, honouring the 11th-century philosopher-saint Sri Ramanujacharya, was unveiled in Hyderabad, Telangana, in February 2022.
2798. The Statue of Unity was inaugurated on 31 October, marking the birth anniversary of Sardar Patel, in which year?
- A. 2020
- B. 2018
- C. 2014
- D. 2016
Answer: 2018
Explanation: The Statue of Unity was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 31 October 2018, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel's birth anniversary, also observed as National Unity Day.
2799. The Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue depicting Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, is located on an island in which river?
- A. Narmada
- B. Tapi
- C. Mahi
- D. Sabarmati
Answer: Narmada
Explanation: The Statue of Unity, standing at 182 metres, is located on Sadhu Bet island in the Narmada River near the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat.
2800. India's longest railway tunnel, the Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel, is located in which state/union territory?
- A. Uttarakhand
- B. Jammu and Kashmir
- C. Himachal Pradesh
- D. Ladakh
Answer: Jammu and Kashmir
Explanation: The Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel, spanning about 11.2 km, is India's longest railway tunnel and is located in Jammu and Kashmir on the Jammu-Baramulla line.
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