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2801. The first railway line in India, between Bombay and Thane, was inaugurated in which year?
- A. 1861
- B. 1850
- C. 1853
- D. 1857
Answer: 1853
Explanation: India's first passenger railway line, from Bombay (Bori Bunder) to Thane, was inaugurated on 16 April 1853.
2802. Which Indian railway station holds the record for having the longest railway platform in the world?
- A. Hubballi Junction (Karnataka)
- B. Kharagpur Junction
- C. Kollam Junction
- D. Gorakhpur Junction
Answer: Hubballi Junction (Karnataka)
Explanation: Hubballi Junction railway station in Karnataka holds the Guinness World Record for the longest railway platform in the world, measuring approximately 1,507 metres.
2803. The Golden Quadrilateral, a major highway network connecting India's four largest metro cities, connects Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and:
- A. Kolkata
- B. Bengaluru
- C. Hyderabad
- D. Ahmedabad
Answer: Kolkata
Explanation: The Golden Quadrilateral connects the four major metro cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata via a network of national highways.
2804. The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was established under an Act passed in which year?
- A. 1991
- B. 1988
- C. 1995
- D. 2000
Answer: 1988
Explanation: The National Highways Authority of India was constituted under the National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988, to develop and manage national highways.
2805. The Balakot airstrike conducted by the Indian Air Force in February 2019 was carried out in response to which terror attack?
- A. Mumbai 26/11 attack
- B. Parliament attack
- C. Pulwama terror attack
- D. Uri terror attack
Answer: Pulwama terror attack
Explanation: The Balakot airstrike was conducted by the Indian Air Force on 26 February 2019, in response to the Pulwama terror attack that killed 40 CRPF personnel.
2806. The Surgical Strikes conducted by the Indian Army in 2016 across the Line of Control were in response to which attack?
- A. Uri terror attack
- B. Pulwama terror attack
- C. Mumbai 26/11 attack
- D. Pathankot attack
Answer: Uri terror attack
Explanation: The 2016 surgical strikes were conducted by the Indian Army in response to the Uri terror attack on an Army base that killed 19 soldiers.
2807. Operation Meghdoot, through which India gained control of the Siachen Glacier, was launched in which year?
- A. 1965
- B. 1971
- C. 1984
- D. 1999
Answer: 1984
Explanation: Operation Meghdoot was launched by the Indian Armed Forces on 13 April 1984 to gain control of the Siachen Glacier, making it the world's highest battlefield.
2808. The Siachen Glacier, the world's highest militarized zone where Indian troops are deployed, is situated in which mountain range?
- A. Karakoram Range
- B. Pir Panjal Range
- C. Zanskar Range
- D. Himalayas (Great Himalayan Range)
Answer: Karakoram Range
Explanation: The Siachen Glacier, where India conducted Operation Meghdoot in 1984, lies in the eastern Karakoram Range in the Himalayas.
2809. The Amar Jawan Jyoti, an eternal flame honouring Indian soldiers, was merged with the flame at the National War Memorial in which year?
- A. 2019
- B. 2022
- C. 2020
- D. 2021
Answer: 2022
Explanation: The Amar Jawan Jyoti flame at India Gate was merged with the flame at the National War Memorial on 21 January 2022.
2810. The National War Memorial, dedicated to soldiers who laid down their lives for the nation since independence, is located at:
- A. India Gate, New Delhi
- B. Amar Jawan Jyoti, Mumbai
- C. Rajpath, Delhi
- D. Red Fort, Delhi
Answer: India Gate, New Delhi
Explanation: The National War Memorial, inaugurated in 2019, is located near India Gate in New Delhi and honours soldiers who died in post-independence conflicts.
2811. The Veer Gatha Project, launched by the Ministry of Education, aims to familiarize school students with the lives of:
- A. Nobel laureates
- B. Olympic medallists
- C. Gallantry award winners
- D. Freedom fighters only
Answer: Gallantry award winners
Explanation: The Veer Gatha Project familiarizes school students with the life stories and sacrifices of gallantry award winners to instill patriotism and civic values.
2812. The four Indian Air Force officers selected as astronaut-designates for the Gaganyaan mission include Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair, Angad Pratap, Ajit Krishnan, and:
- A. Abhinandan Varthaman
- B. Shubhanshu Shukla
- C. Rakesh Sharma
- D. Vikram Sarabhai
Answer: Shubhanshu Shukla
Explanation: The four Gaganyaan astronaut-designates announced by ISRO are Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair, Angad Pratap, Ajit Krishnan, and Shubhanshu Shukla, all IAF test pilots.
2813. Which Indian Air Force officer became the first Indian to travel to the International Space Station in 2024 under the Axiom Mission 4 programme?
- A. Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla
- B. Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman
- C. Rakesh Sharma
- D. Group Captain Angad Pratap
Answer: Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla
Explanation: Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, an IAF officer and Gaganyaan mission designate, became the first Indian to travel to the ISS via the Axiom Mission 4, becoming the second Indian in space after Rakesh Sharma.
2814. ISRO's XPoSat (X-Ray Polarimeter Satellite), launched in January 2024, is designed to study:
- A. Ocean temperature
- B. Ozone layer depletion
- C. Monsoon patterns
- D. Polarization of X-rays from celestial sources like black holes
Answer: Polarization of X-rays from celestial sources like black holes
Explanation: XPoSat, launched on 1 January 2024, is ISRO's first dedicated mission to study the polarization of X-rays emitted from celestial sources such as black holes and neutron stars.
2815. ISRO's Chandrayaan-2 mission, launched in 2019, achieved a soft landing failure due to the crash of which lander?
- A. Rohini
- B. Vikram
- C. Agni
- D. Pragyan
Answer: Vikram
Explanation: Chandrayaan-2's Vikram lander lost communication moments before touchdown on 7 September 2019 and crashed, though its orbiter continued functioning successfully.
2816. ISRO's SSLV (Small Satellite Launch Vehicle) had its first developmental flight in which year?
- A. 2023
- B. 2020
- C. 2019
- D. 2022
Answer: 2022
Explanation: ISRO's SSLV had its first developmental flight (SSLV-D1) on 7 August 2022, designed to launch small satellites into low earth orbit.
2817. Vikram-S, India's first privately developed rocket, was launched successfully in which year?
- A. 2022
- B. 2020
- C. 2019
- D. 2023
Answer: 2022
Explanation: Vikram-S, developed by Skyroot Aerospace, was successfully launched on 18 November 2022, becoming India's first privately developed rocket to reach space.
2818. The Vikram-A, Vikram-B, and Vikram-S series of rockets are developed by which Indian private spacetech company?
- A. Pixxel
- B. Bellatrix Aerospace
- C. Agnikul Cosmos
- D. Skyroot Aerospace
Answer: Skyroot Aerospace
Explanation: The Vikram series of rockets, named after Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, is developed by Skyroot Aerospace, a Hyderabad-based private space launch company.
2819. The Earth Day is observed internationally every year on which date to promote environmental protection?
- A. 16 September
- B. 22 April
- C. 3 March
- D. 5 June
Answer: 22 April
Explanation: Earth Day is observed globally on 22 April each year, first celebrated in 1970 to raise environmental awareness.
2820. World Ozone Day, commemorating the signing of the Montreal Protocol, is observed on which date?
- A. 16 September
- B. 22 April
- C. 5 June
- D. 8 September
Answer: 16 September
Explanation: World Ozone Day is observed on 16 September, the date in 1987 when the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was signed.
2821. International Biodiversity Day is observed every year on which date?
- A. 5 June
- B. 16 September
- C. 22 May
- D. 3 March
Answer: 22 May
Explanation: International Day for Biological Diversity is observed on 22 May each year to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues.
2822. World Wildlife Day is observed annually on which date?
- A. 5 June
- B. 14 October
- C. 22 May
- D. 3 March
Answer: 3 March
Explanation: World Wildlife Day is celebrated on 3 March, marking the date of signing of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) in 1973.
2823. World Soil Day is observed every year on which date to raise awareness about sustainable soil management?
- A. 5 December
- B. 16 October
- C. 14 November
- D. 22 April
Answer: 5 December
Explanation: World Soil Day is observed on 5 December each year, adopted by the FAO to promote awareness of the importance of healthy soil.
2824. The book 'Kautilya's Arthashastra', an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft and economic policy, is attributed to:
- A. Kalidasa
- B. Panini
- C. Chanakya (Kautilya)
- D. Chandragupta Maurya
Answer: Chanakya (Kautilya)
Explanation: The Arthashastra, a comprehensive treatise on statecraft, economics, and military strategy, is attributed to Chanakya, also known as Kautilya, advisor to Chandragupta Maurya.
2825. Who wrote the play 'Abhijnanashakuntalam', considered one of the greatest works of classical Sanskrit literature?
- A. Vyasa
- B. Kalidasa
- C. Valmiki
- D. Bhasa
Answer: Kalidasa
Explanation: 'Abhijnanashakuntalam' (The Recognition of Shakuntala) was written by the classical Sanskrit poet and playwright Kalidasa.
2826. The Mahabharata, one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, is traditionally attributed to which sage?
- A. Valmiki
- B. Vyasa
- C. Vishwamitra
- D. Vasishtha
Answer: Vyasa
Explanation: The Mahabharata is traditionally attributed to sage Vyasa (Krishna Dvaipayana Vyasa), who is also said to have dictated it to Lord Ganesha.
2827. The epic 'Ramayana' was originally composed in Sanskrit by which sage, often called the first poet (Adi Kavi)?
- A. Vyasa
- B. Tulsidas
- C. Valmiki
- D. Kalidasa
Answer: Valmiki
Explanation: The Sanskrit epic Ramayana was composed by sage Valmiki, who is traditionally honoured as 'Adi Kavi' (the first poet) in Indian literary tradition.
2828. The book 'India Divided' analyzing the circumstances of the partition of India was authored by:
- A. Sardar Patel
- B. C. Rajagopalachari
- C. Rajendra Prasad
- D. Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: Rajendra Prasad
Explanation: Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who later became India's first President, authored 'India Divided', a critical analysis of the events leading to the partition.
2829. Who authored the influential book 'The Discovery of India', written while imprisoned at Ahmednagar Fort during 1944?
- A. Mahatma Gandhi
- B. Jawaharlal Nehru
- C. Sardar Patel
- D. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru wrote 'The Discovery of India' during his imprisonment at Ahmednagar Fort in 1944, exploring India's history, culture, and philosophy.
2830. Major Dhyan Chand, regarded as the greatest hockey player, won Olympic gold medals with India in which three consecutive Olympics?
- A. 1920, 1924, 1928
- B. 1924, 1928, 1932
- C. 1936, 1948, 1952
- D. 1928, 1932, 1936
Answer: 1928, 1932, 1936
Explanation: Major Dhyan Chand was a key member of the Indian hockey teams that won Olympic gold in 1928 (Amsterdam), 1932 (Los Angeles), and 1936 (Berlin).
2831. The Dhyan Chand National Stadium, a historic hockey venue in New Delhi, was formerly known by which name?
- A. Delhi Gate Stadium
- B. Irwin Stadium
- C. National Stadium
- D. Shivaji Stadium
Answer: National Stadium
Explanation: The Dhyan Chand National Stadium was originally called the National Stadium and was renamed in 2002 in honour of hockey legend Major Dhyan Chand.
2832. D. Gukesh became the youngest undisputed World Chess Champion in history in 2024 by defeating which reigning champion?
- A. Ding Liren
- B. Magnus Carlsen
- C. Ian Nepomniachtchi
- D. Fabiano Caruana
Answer: Ding Liren
Explanation: D. Gukesh defeated China's Ding Liren in the 2024 World Chess Championship held in Singapore, becoming the youngest undisputed world champion at age 18.
2833. Who became the first Indian woman to win a medal at the Chess Olympiad as part of the gold-winning Indian open team in 2024?
- A. Harika Dronavalli
- B. India won both open and women's gold in 2024 (team event, no single first)
- C. Koneru Humpy
- D. Vaishali Rameshbabu
Answer: India won both open and women's gold in 2024 (team event, no single first)
Explanation: At the 2024 Chess Olympiad in Budapest, India won gold medals in both the open and women's team events for the first time in its history, a landmark team achievement rather than an individual first.
2834. The headquarters of the World Trade Organization's predecessor, GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), was located in which city before the WTO's formation in 1995?
- A. Geneva
- B. Brussels
- C. New York
- D. Paris
Answer: Geneva
Explanation: GATT's secretariat was based in Geneva, Switzerland, and the WTO, which succeeded it in 1995, continues to be headquartered in the same city.
2835. The Antyodaya Anna Yojana, aimed at providing highly subsidized food to the poorest of the poor, was launched in which year?
- A. 2010
- B. 2005
- C. 2000
- D. 1997
Answer: 2000
Explanation: The Antyodaya Anna Yojana was launched in December 2000 to provide food grains at highly subsidized rates to the poorest families among those below the poverty line.
2836. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was established under the Food Corporations Act in which year?
- A. 1970
- B. 1950
- C. 1965
- D. 1947
Answer: 1965
Explanation: The Food Corporation of India was set up in 1965 under the Food Corporations Act, 1964, to procure, store, and distribute food grains.
2837. India's National Food Security Act was enacted in which year to provide legal entitlement to subsidized food grains?
- A. 2010
- B. 2016
- C. 2013
- D. 2005
Answer: 2013
Explanation: The National Food Security Act was enacted in 2013, providing a legal right to subsidized food grains to approximately two-thirds of India's population.
2838. The Blue Revolution in India refers to the rapid development and growth of which sector?
- A. Petroleum industry
- B. Water conservation
- C. Space research
- D. Fisheries and aquaculture
Answer: Fisheries and aquaculture
Explanation: The Blue Revolution in India refers to the significant growth of the fisheries and aquaculture sector, aimed at increasing fish production and exports.
2839. The White Revolution in India, which transformed the country into the world's largest milk producer, is also known as:
- A. White Gold Mission
- B. Operation Milk
- C. Dairy Mission
- D. Operation Flood
Answer: Operation Flood
Explanation: The White Revolution, spearheaded by Dr. Verghese Kurien, is also known as Operation Flood, launched in 1970 by the National Dairy Development Board.
2840. The Green Revolution in India, which significantly boosted food grain production, began in the 1960s and is most closely associated with which crop initially?
- A. Sugarcane
- B. Rice
- C. Wheat
- D. Cotton
Answer: Wheat
Explanation: The Green Revolution, pioneered with M.S. Swaminathan's efforts and high-yielding wheat varieties from Norman Borlaug's research, was initially most closely associated with wheat production, especially in Punjab and Haryana.
2841. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra scheme, which establishes agricultural extension centres across districts, was first launched in which year?
- A. 1985
- B. 1991
- C. 1966
- D. 1974
Answer: 1974
Explanation: The first Krishi Vigyan Kendra was established in 1974 at Puducherry under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) to provide agricultural extension services.
2842. The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana, a precursor to Ayushman Bharat, primarily targeted which group?
- A. Below poverty line (BPL) families
- B. Senior citizens only
- C. Government employees only
- D. Private sector workers
Answer: Below poverty line (BPL) families
Explanation: Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana, launched in 2008, provided health insurance coverage to Below Poverty Line (BPL) families, and was later subsumed under Ayushman Bharat.
2843. The Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana is a pension scheme specifically designed for which category of citizens?
- A. Senior citizens aged 60 years and above
- B. Unemployed youth
- C. Below poverty line farmers
- D. Women in self-help groups
Answer: Senior citizens aged 60 years and above
Explanation: The Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana, administered by LIC, is a pension scheme for senior citizens aged 60 and above offering an assured rate of return.
2844. The Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana, a COVID-19 relief package, was primarily aimed at providing:
- A. Export subsidies to industries
- B. Free food grains and direct benefit transfers to the poor
- C. Interest-free loans to corporates
- D. Free internet access
Answer: Free food grains and direct benefit transfers to the poor
Explanation: The Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (2020) provided free food grains, cooking gas, and direct cash transfers to vulnerable sections during the COVID-19 pandemic.
2845. Tarapur Atomic Power Station, India's first nuclear power plant, became operational in which year?
- A. 1974
- B. 1982
- C. 1969
- D. 1954
Answer: 1969
Explanation: Tarapur Atomic Power Station in Maharashtra, India's first nuclear power station, began commercial operations in 1969.
2846. The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), India's premier nuclear research facility, is located in:
- A. Kota
- B. Kalpakkam
- C. Tarapur
- D. Mumbai (Trombay)
Answer: Mumbai (Trombay)
Explanation: BARC, established in 1954 and renamed after Homi J. Bhabha in 1967, is located at Trombay in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
2847. Operation Shakti, the series of nuclear tests conducted by India in 1998, took place at which test site?
- A. Pokhran
- B. Chandipur
- C. Sriharikota
- D. Thumba
Answer: Pokhran
Explanation: Operation Shakti, comprising five nuclear tests, was conducted at the Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan in May 1998, after which India declared itself a nuclear weapons state.
2848. India's first nuclear test, codenamed 'Smiling Buddha', was conducted in which year at Pokhran?
- A. 1980
- B. 1998
- C. 1971
- D. 1974
Answer: 1974
Explanation: India conducted its first nuclear test, codenamed 'Smiling Buddha', on 18 May 1974 at the Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan.
2849. The Territorial Army in India, a volunteer reserve force, was raised under which year's Act?
- A. 1948
- B. 1962
- C. 1950
- D. 1972
Answer: 1948
Explanation: The Territorial Army was raised under the Territorial Army Act, 1948, and formally inaugurated on 9 October 1949 by the then Governor-General C. Rajagopalachari.
2850. The Coast Guard Day in India is observed annually on which date?
- A. 15 January
- B. 1 February
- C. 4 March
- D. 1 December
Answer: 1 February
Explanation: Indian Coast Guard Day is celebrated on 1 February every year, marking the establishment of the Indian Coast Guard on 1 February 1977.
2851. The National Maritime Day in India is observed every year on which date to commemorate the first Indian-owned ship sailing abroad?
- A. 15 March
- B. 21 June
- C. 5 April
- D. 1 July
Answer: 5 April
Explanation: National Maritime Day is observed on 5 April to commemorate the maiden voyage of SS Loyalty, the first ship of the Scindia Steam Navigation Company, in 1919.
2852. Bachendri Pal, the first Indian woman to scale Mount Everest, achieved this feat in which year?
- A. 1984
- B. 1991
- C. 1988
- D. 1980
Answer: 1984
Explanation: Bachendri Pal became the first Indian woman to summit Mount Everest on 23 May 1984, as part of an Indian expedition.
2853. Who is credited as the first Indian to summit Mount Everest without supplementary oxygen?
- A. Bachendri Pal
- B. Santosh Yadav
- C. Tenzing Norgay
- D. Phu Dorjee
Answer: Phu Dorjee
Explanation: Phu Dorjee, a member of the Indian Mountaineering Foundation expedition, is recognized as the first Indian to climb Mount Everest without supplementary oxygen, in 1984.
2854. The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) functions under which ministry?
- A. Ministry of Home Affairs
- B. Ministry of Environment
- C. Ministry of Defence
- D. Ministry of Earth Sciences
Answer: Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) was constituted under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, and functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2855. The Subhash Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar is awarded annually for excellence in which field?
- A. Sports coaching
- B. Disaster management
- C. Military strategy
- D. Freedom struggle research
Answer: Disaster management
Explanation: The Subhash Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar is given by the Government of India annually to individuals and organizations for excellence in disaster management.
2856. The Ramanujan Prize, awarded for outstanding contributions by young mathematicians from developing countries, commemorates which Indian mathematician?
- A. Srinivasa Ramanujan
- B. Harish-Chandra
- C. P.C. Mahalanobis
- D. C.R. Rao
Answer: Srinivasa Ramanujan
Explanation: The Ramanujan Prize, instituted by ICTP and jointly sponsored with other bodies including the Abel Fund, is named after the legendary Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan.
2857. Which Indian sportsperson was the first to win the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (now Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna) award in 1991-92?
- A. Kapil Dev
- B. Viswanathan Anand
- C. P.T. Usha
- D. Geet Sethi
Answer: Viswanathan Anand
Explanation: Chess grandmaster Viswanathan Anand was the first recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1991-92, India's highest sporting honour at the time.
2858. The Lalit Kala Akademi, India's national academy of fine arts, was founded in which year?
- A. 1954
- B. 1961
- C. 1950
- D. 1965
Answer: 1954
Explanation: The Lalit Kala Akademi, India's national academy for fine arts, was established by the Government of India in 1954.
2859. The Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's national academy for music, dance, and drama, was established in which year?
- A. 1952
- B. 1954
- C. 1961
- D. 1948
Answer: 1952
Explanation: The Sangeet Natak Akademi was established in 1952 as India's first national academy of the arts, set up by the Government of India.
2860. Who was the first woman to be awarded the Param Vir Chakra's civilian equivalent recognition for designing it, and separately, which woman became the first to receive the Ashoka Chakra?
- A. Captain Divya Ajith
- B. No woman has received the Ashoka Chakra in combat till date (as commonly tested)
- C. Kiran Bedi
- D. Neerja Bhanot (posthumous, 1987)
Answer: Neerja Bhanot (posthumous, 1987)
Explanation: Neerja Bhanot, a Pan Am flight attendant, was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra in 1987 for her bravery during a 1986 hijacking, becoming the first woman and youngest recipient of the award.
2861. The Param Vir Chakra medal was designed by which Austrian-born sculptor?
- A. Henry Moore
- B. Ram Sutar
- C. Savitri Khanolkar
- D. D.P. Roy Chowdhury
Answer: Savitri Khanolkar
Explanation: The Param Vir Chakra was designed by Savitri Khanolkar (born Eva Yvonne Linda Madon in Switzerland), wife of an Indian Army officer, who also designed the Mahavir Chakra and Vir Chakra.
2862. The African Union became a permanent member of the G20 at the 2023 New Delhi Summit, bringing the group's total membership to how many (counting the EU and AU as members)?
- A. 21
- B. 19
- C. 20
- D. 22
Answer: 21
Explanation: With the African Union's inclusion as a permanent member at the 2023 New Delhi Summit, the G20 now comprises 19 countries plus the European Union and African Union, totalling 21 members.
2863. The G20 Summit 2023, hosted by India, was held in which city?
- A. Mumbai
- B. Jaipur
- C. Bengaluru
- D. New Delhi
Answer: New Delhi
Explanation: India hosted the G20 Summit in September 2023 in New Delhi, with the theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' (One Earth, One Family, One Future).
2864. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is headquartered in:
- A. Geneva, Switzerland
- B. Brussels, Belgium
- C. The Hague, Netherlands
- D. Vienna, Austria
Answer: Vienna, Austria
Explanation: The International Atomic Energy Agency, established in 1957, is headquartered in Vienna, Austria, and promotes the peaceful use of nuclear energy.
2865. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has its headquarters in:
- A. Rome, Italy
- B. Geneva, Switzerland
- C. New York, USA
- D. Vienna, Austria
Answer: Rome, Italy
Explanation: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, established in 1945, has its headquarters in Rome, Italy, working to defeat hunger and improve nutrition.
2866. The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has its headquarters in:
- A. Geneva
- B. New York City
- C. Paris
- D. Rome
Answer: New York City
Explanation: UNICEF, which won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965, has its headquarters in New York City and works for children's rights and welfare worldwide.
2867. Organisation for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), which won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013, is headquartered in:
- A. Brussels, Belgium
- B. The Hague, Netherlands
- C. Geneva, Switzerland
- D. Vienna, Austria
Answer: The Hague, Netherlands
Explanation: The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons is headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands, and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013 for its work on destroying chemical weapons stockpiles.
2868. The theme of Census 2011 was officially titled:
- A. Count Me In
- B. India Shining
- C. Our Census, Our Future
- D. Digital India Census
Answer: Our Census, Our Future
Explanation: Census 2011, the 15th national census of India, carried the official slogan 'Our Census, Our Future' to encourage public participation.
2869. India's first census under British rule was conducted in which year, though a non-synchronous one?
- A. 1951
- B. 1872
- C. 1901
- D. 1881
Answer: 1872
Explanation: India's first census attempt, though non-synchronous (conducted at different times in different regions), was in 1872; the first synchronous census was conducted in 1881.
2870. The Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India functions under which ministry?
- A. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
- B. Ministry of Home Affairs
- C. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
- D. Ministry of Finance
Answer: Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: The Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, responsible for conducting the decadal census, functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2871. The headquarters of the Indian Statistical Institute, involved in the planning of census methodology, is located in:
- A. Mumbai
- B. New Delhi
- C. Chennai
- D. Kolkata
Answer: Kolkata
Explanation: The Indian Statistical Institute, founded by P.C. Mahalanobis in 1931, has its headquarters in Kolkata and has historically contributed to statistical methodology used in national surveys.
2872. As per Census 2011, the Indian state with the second-highest population after Uttar Pradesh was:
- A. West Bengal
- B. Maharashtra
- C. Madhya Pradesh
- D. Bihar
Answer: Maharashtra
Explanation: According to Census 2011, Maharashtra was the second most populous state in India after Uttar Pradesh, with over 11.2 crore people.
2873. Which Indian state had the lowest sex ratio according to Census 2011?
- A. Punjab
- B. Haryana
- C. Uttar Pradesh
- D. Bihar
Answer: Haryana
Explanation: As per Census 2011, Haryana recorded the lowest sex ratio among Indian states at 879 females per 1000 males.
2874. According to Census 2011, Kerala recorded which notable demographic distinction among Indian states?
- A. Highest population density
- B. Highest sex ratio (1084 females per 1000 males)
- C. Lowest literacy rate
- D. Highest population
Answer: Highest sex ratio (1084 females per 1000 males)
Explanation: As per Census 2011, Kerala recorded the highest sex ratio among Indian states, with 1084 females per 1000 males, alongside its highest literacy rate.
2875. According to Census 2011, which union territory had the highest population density in India?
- A. Puducherry
- B. Chandigarh
- C. Lakshadweep
- D. Delhi
Answer: Delhi
Explanation: As per Census 2011, Delhi had the highest population density among all states and union territories, at about 11,320 persons per square kilometre.
2876. As per Census 2011, which was the least populous state in India?
- A. Nagaland
- B. Goa
- C. Sikkim
- D. Mizoram
Answer: Sikkim
Explanation: According to Census 2011, Sikkim was the least populous state in India, with a population of about 6.1 lakh.
2877. Which Indian city, according to Census 2011, was the most populous city in India?
- A. Kolkata
- B. Chennai
- C. Mumbai (Greater Mumbai)
- D. Delhi
Answer: Mumbai (Greater Mumbai)
Explanation: As per Census 2011, Greater Mumbai was the most populous city in India, followed by Delhi, in terms of the urban agglomeration population.
2878. Who designed the original tricolour flag that evolved into the present national flag of India, incorporating the charkha?
- A. Subhas Chandra Bose
- B. Lala Hardayal
- C. Pingali Venkayya
- D. Madame Bhikaji Cama
Answer: Pingali Venkayya
Explanation: Pingali Venkayya designed the original tricolour flag with a charkha (spinning wheel), which was later modified with the Ashoka Chakra to become India's present national flag.
2879. The Ashoka Chakra on the Indian national flag has how many spokes?
- A. 16
- B. 32
- C. 24
- D. 12
Answer: 24
Explanation: The Ashoka Chakra, a navy-blue wheel in the centre of the Indian national flag, has 24 spokes, representing the 24 hours of the day and principles of dharma.
2880. The national flag of India was adopted in its present form by the Constituent Assembly on which date?
- A. 15 August 1947
- B. 26 January 1950
- C. 2 August 1947
- D. 22 July 1947
Answer: 22 July 1947
Explanation: The tricolour national flag of India in its present form was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947, a few weeks before independence.
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