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401. Operation Sindoor was launched by India in the early hours of which date in 2025?
- A. 22 April
- B. 7 May
- C. 10 May
- D. 15 May
Answer: 7 May
Explanation: India struck nine terror-related sites in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir on 7 May 2025, including Bahawalpur and Muridke; a ceasefire understanding followed on 10 May.
402. On 23 April 2025, after the Pahalgam attack, India placed which treaty 'in abeyance'?
- A. Simla Agreement, 1972
- B. Tashkent Declaration, 1966
- C. Indus Waters Treaty, 1960
- D. Kartarpur Corridor agreement
Answer: Indus Waters Treaty, 1960
Explanation: The Cabinet Committee on Security decided to hold the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance until Pakistan credibly ends cross-border terrorism.
403. Operation Sindhu, launched in June 2025, evacuated Indian nationals from which conflict zone?
- A. Ukraine
- B. Gaza
- C. Sudan
- D. Iran and Israel
Answer: Iran and Israel
Explanation: It evacuated Indians, mainly students, from Iran during the Israel-Iran conflict.
404. Operation Brahma, launched by India in March 2025, delivered relief after an earthquake in:
- A. Afghanistan
- B. Taiwan
- C. Nepal
- D. Myanmar
Answer: Myanmar
Explanation: A magnitude 7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar on 28 March 2025.
405. Operation Ajay, launched in October 2023, was India's evacuation effort for its citizens from:
- A. Sudan
- B. Israel
- C. Afghanistan
- D. Ukraine
Answer: Israel
Explanation: It evacuated Indians from Israel after the Hamas attack of 7 October 2023.
406. Operation Dost (February 2023) was India's relief and rescue mission for which disaster?
- A. Conflict in Sudan
- B. Cyclone in Myanmar
- C. Earthquake in Turkey and Syria
- D. Floods in Pakistan
Answer: Earthquake in Turkey and Syria
Explanation: India sent NDRF teams and medical aid after the 6 February 2023 earthquake.
407. The Mitra Vibhushana, conferred on PM Modi in April 2025, is the highest honour of which country?
- A. Nepal
- B. Maldives
- C. Bhutan
- D. Sri Lanka
Answer: Sri Lanka
Explanation: Sri Lanka awarded Modi the Mitra Vibhushana during his Colombo visit.
408. PM Modi's November 2024 visit to Guyana was the first by an Indian PM there in about:
- A. 25 years
- B. 10 years
- C. 75 years
- D. 56 years
Answer: 56 years
Explanation: It was the first visit by an Indian PM since Indira Gandhi in 1968; Modi received Guyana's highest honour, the Order of Excellence.
409. PM Modi's August 2024 visit to Poland was the first by an Indian Prime Minister in about how many years?
- A. 45 years
- B. 15 years
- C. 25 years
- D. 60 years
Answer: 45 years
Explanation: The last such visit was by Morarji Desai in 1979.
410. In May 2024 India signed a 10-year contract for operating a terminal at which Iranian port?
- A. Bandar Abbas
- B. Chabahar (Shahid Beheshti terminal)
- C. Jask
- D. Bushehr
Answer: Chabahar (Shahid Beheshti terminal)
Explanation: India Ports Global Limited signed the long-term contract with Iran's Ports and Maritime Organisation.
411. The India-UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) was signed in July 2025 by PM Modi and which UK Prime Minister?
- A. Liz Truss
- B. Boris Johnson
- C. Rishi Sunak
- D. Keir Starmer
Answer: Keir Starmer
Explanation: The agreement was signed on 24 July 2025 in London.
412. The India-EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA), signed on 10 March 2024, includes an investment commitment of:
- A. USD 200 billion over 20 years
- B. USD 50 billion over 10 years
- C. USD 25 billion over 5 years
- D. USD 100 billion over 15 years
Answer: USD 100 billion over 15 years
Explanation: EFTA members Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland pledged USD 100 billion in investment and one million jobs in India; the pact took effect on 1 October 2025.
413. COP30 in November 2025 was hosted in which Brazilian city at the edge of the Amazon?
- A. Belem
- B. Brasilia
- C. Manaus
- D. Rio de Janeiro
Answer: Belem
Explanation: COP30 was held in Belem, Para state.
414. COP28 in Dubai (2023) concluded the first Global Stocktake and called for:
- A. Transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems
- B. A carbon tax on all member states
- C. A complete global ban on coal by 2030
- D. Phasing out all oil by 2035
Answer: Transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems
Explanation: The UAE Consensus called for transitioning away from fossil fuels in a just, orderly and equitable manner; the loss-and-damage fund was also operationalised.
415. COP29 at Baku (November 2024) set a New Collective Quantified Goal for climate finance of at least how much per year by 2035?
- A. USD 1.3 trillion
- B. USD 300 billion
- C. USD 100 billion
- D. USD 500 billion
Answer: USD 300 billion
Explanation: Developed countries agreed to lead mobilising USD 300 billion annually by 2035, within a wider USD 1.3 trillion call; India criticised it as too low.
416. The 2025 SCO Summit, attended by PM Modi, Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin, was held in which Chinese city?
- A. Chengdu
- B. Tianjin
- C. Beijing
- D. Shanghai
Answer: Tianjin
Explanation: The Tianjin summit was held on 31 August-1 September 2025.
417. Which country became the 9th member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation at the July 2023 summit hosted virtually by India?
- A. Iran
- B. Mongolia
- C. Belarus
- D. Turkey
Answer: Iran
Explanation: Iran joined as the ninth member; Belarus became the tenth in July 2024 at Astana.
418. Which Southeast Asian country became a full member of BRICS in January 2025?
- A. Thailand
- B. Malaysia
- C. Vietnam
- D. Indonesia
Answer: Indonesia
Explanation: Brazil, as 2025 chair, announced Indonesia's full membership on 6 January 2025.
419. At the BRICS Johannesburg Summit (August 2023), how many countries were invited to become full members from January 2024?
- A. Four
- B. Six
- C. Ten
- D. Eight
Answer: Six
Explanation: Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the UAE were invited; Argentina later declined.
420. Which city hosted the G20 Leaders' Summit in November 2025, the first ever held on African soil?
- A. Cape Town
- B. Abuja
- C. Johannesburg
- D. Nairobi
Answer: Johannesburg
Explanation: South Africa held the 2025 G20 presidency; the US boycotted the summit.
421. Which grouping was admitted as a permanent member of the G20 at the New Delhi Summit of September 2023?
- A. European Free Trade Association
- B. Gulf Cooperation Council
- C. African Union
- D. ASEAN
Answer: African Union
Explanation: The African Union joined as the 21st member of the G20, equal in status to the European Union.
422. Who succeeded Justin Trudeau as Canada's Prime Minister in March 2025?
- A. Pierre Poilievre
- B. Jagmeet Singh
- C. Mark Carney
- D. Chrystia Freeland
Answer: Mark Carney
Explanation: Former Bank of England governor Mark Carney became Liberal leader and PM, then won the April 2025 election.
423. Which country's Prime Minister Keir Starmer led Labour to a landslide win in the July 2024 general election?
- A. Australia
- B. United Kingdom
- C. New Zealand
- D. Canada
Answer: United Kingdom
Explanation: Labour won 411 seats in the 650-seat House of Commons, ending 14 years of Conservative rule.
424. Which leader became the 47th President of the United States on 20 January 2025, with JD Vance as Vice-President?
- A. Barack Obama
- B. Donald Trump
- C. Ron DeSantis
- D. Joe Biden
Answer: Donald Trump
Explanation: Trump won the November 2024 election against Kamala Harris and was inaugurated for a non-consecutive second term.
425. Who was elected Speaker of the 18th Lok Sabha on 26 June 2024 by voice vote?
- A. Kodikunnil Suresh
- B. Sumitra Mahajan
- C. Om Birla
- D. Bhartruhari Mahtab
Answer: Om Birla
Explanation: Om Birla was re-elected Speaker against Congress's K. Suresh; Rahul Gandhi became Leader of Opposition.
426. Which Union Minister of the 2024 Modi government's third term holds the Railways portfolio along with Information & Broadcasting and Electronics & IT?
- A. Ashwini Vaishnaw
- B. Hardeep Singh Puri
- C. Piyush Goyal
- D. Jyotiraditya Scindia
Answer: Ashwini Vaishnaw
Explanation: Ashwini Vaishnaw continued as Railways Minister after the 9 June 2024 swearing-in.
427. Nitish Kumar took oath for the 10th time as Bihar Chief Minister on 20 November 2025 at which venue?
- A. Bapu Sabhaghar
- B. Raj Bhavan, Patna
- C. Gandhi Maidan, Patna
- D. Patliputra Sports Complex
Answer: Gandhi Maidan, Patna
Explanation: The NDA swept the November 2025 Bihar election and Nitish Kumar was sworn in at Gandhi Maidan.
428. In the December 2023 Assembly elections, the Zoram People's Movement formed the government in which State, with Lalduhoma as Chief Minister?
- A. Nagaland
- B. Mizoram
- C. Meghalaya
- D. Tripura
Answer: Mizoram
Explanation: ZPM defeated the Mizo National Front in Mizoram; Lalduhoma, a former IPS officer, became Chief Minister.
429. Who became the Chief Minister of Telangana in December 2023 after the Congress victory?
- A. Uttam Kumar Reddy
- B. Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka
- C. K. T. Rama Rao
- D. A. Revanth Reddy
Answer: A. Revanth Reddy
Explanation: Revanth Reddy took oath on 7 December 2023, ending K. Chandrashekar Rao's BRS rule.
430. Who replaced Manohar Lal Khattar as Haryana's Chief Minister in March 2024?
- A. Nayab Singh Saini
- B. Rao Inderjit Singh
- C. Anil Vij
- D. Om Prakash Dhankhar
Answer: Nayab Singh Saini
Explanation: Nayab Singh Saini was sworn in on 12 March 2024 and retained the post after the October 2024 election.
431. Which leader was the Chief Minister of Jharkhand between Hemant Soren's arrest in January 2024 and his return in July 2024?
- A. Babulal Marandi
- B. Arjun Munda
- C. Champai Soren
- D. Raghubar Das
Answer: Champai Soren
Explanation: Champai Soren was sworn in on 2 February 2024 and resigned in July 2024.
432. C. P. Radhakrishnan, elected Vice-President in September 2025, was holding which constitutional office at the time?
- A. Governor of Tamil Nadu
- B. Governor of Jharkhand
- C. Governor of Maharashtra
- D. Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry
Answer: Governor of Maharashtra
Explanation: He had been Governor of Jharkhand (2023-24) and then Maharashtra from July 2024.
433. B. R. Gavai, who became the 52nd Chief Justice of India in May 2025, is notable as the first CJI from which religion?
- A. Islam
- B. Jainism
- C. Buddhism
- D. Sikhism
Answer: Buddhism
Explanation: Justice Gavai is the first Buddhist CJI and the second from the Scheduled Castes after K. G. Balakrishnan.
434. Who became the Chief of the Air Staff on 30 September 2024?
- A. Air Chief Marshal R. K. S. Bhadauria
- B. Air Chief Marshal V. R. Chaudhari
- C. Air Chief Marshal Sandeep Singh
- D. Air Chief Marshal A. P. Singh
Answer: Air Chief Marshal A. P. Singh
Explanation: A. P. Singh succeeded V. R. Chaudhari as head of the IAF.
435. Who took over as the 30th Chief of the Army Staff on 30 June 2024?
- A. General Manoj Pande
- B. General Manoj Naravane
- C. General Bipin Rawat
- D. General Upendra Dwivedi
Answer: General Upendra Dwivedi
Explanation: General Upendra Dwivedi succeeded General Manoj Pande.
436. Which central bank governor took office on 11 December 2024 as the 26th Governor of the RBI?
- A. Shaktikanta Das
- B. Sanjay Malhotra
- C. Michael Patra
- D. T. Rabi Sankar
Answer: Sanjay Malhotra
Explanation: Revenue Secretary Sanjay Malhotra succeeded Shaktikanta Das, who completed six years.
437. Who became Japan's first woman Prime Minister in October 2025?
- A. Sanae Takaichi
- B. Yuriko Koike
- C. Seiko Hashimoto
- D. Tomomi Inada
Answer: Sanae Takaichi
Explanation: Sanae Takaichi, who won the LDP leadership, succeeded Shigeru Ishiba.
438. Who was named Chief Adviser of Bangladesh's interim government on 8 August 2024?
- A. Muhammad Yunus
- B. Fazle Hasan Abed
- C. Hossain Zillur Rahman
- D. Salman F Rahman
Answer: Muhammad Yunus
Explanation: Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus, founder of Grameen Bank, led the interim administration.
439. The Syrian government of Bashar al-Assad collapsed in December 2024 after an offensive led by which group?
- A. Islamic State
- B. Hayat Tahrir al-Sham
- C. Kurdish SDF
- D. Hezbollah
Answer: Hayat Tahrir al-Sham
Explanation: HTS, led by Ahmed al-Sharaa, captured Damascus on 8 December 2024; Assad fled to Russia.
440. After the Gen Z protests of September 2025, who became Nepal's interim Prime Minister, the country's first woman to hold the post?
- A. Sushila Karki
- B. Sahana Pradhan
- C. Pushpa Kamal Dahal
- D. Bidya Devi Bhandari
Answer: Sushila Karki
Explanation: Former Chief Justice Sushila Karki was sworn in on 12 September 2025 after K. P. Sharma Oli resigned.
441. Who was sworn in as Sri Lanka's President in September 2024 after winning a presidential election decided on second-preference votes?
- A. Namal Rajapaksa
- B. Ranil Wickremesinghe
- C. Anura Kumara Dissanayake
- D. Sajith Premadasa
Answer: Anura Kumara Dissanayake
Explanation: Dissanayake of the National People's Power became the first Sri Lankan president elected through a second-preference count.
442. Which was the nationality of Robert Francis Prevost, elected Pope Leo XIV in May 2025?
- A. Italy
- B. United States
- C. Peru
- D. Argentina
Answer: United States
Explanation: Prevost became the first US-born pope; he had also long served in Peru and holds Peruvian citizenship.
443. Sitaram Yechury, who died in September 2024, was the general secretary of which party?
- A. CPI
- B. CPI(ML) Liberation
- C. Forward Bloc
- D. CPI(M)
Answer: CPI(M)
Explanation: Yechury led the CPI(M) from 2015 and was a former Rajya Sabha MP from West Bengal.
444. Zakir Hussain, who died in San Francisco on 15 December 2024, was a legend of which instrument?
- A. Sitar
- B. Tabla
- C. Santoor
- D. Sarod
Answer: Tabla
Explanation: Ustad Zakir Hussain, son of Ustad Alla Rakha, was a Padma Vibhushan tabla maestro.
445. Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh died on 26 December 2024. Which office did he hold in the P. V. Narasimha Rao government that launched the 1991 reforms?
- A. RBI Governor
- B. Union Commerce Minister
- C. Union Finance Minister
- D. Union Foreign Minister
Answer: Union Finance Minister
Explanation: He was Finance Minister from 1991 to 1996 and the architect of the 1991 economic reforms; he had been RBI Governor in 1982-85.
446. Who was appointed chairman of the Tata Trusts after the death of Ratan Tata in October 2024?
- A. Venu Srinivasan
- B. Cyrus Mistry
- C. Noel Tata
- D. N. Chandrasekaran
Answer: Noel Tata
Explanation: Noel Tata, Ratan Tata's half-brother, was named chairman of the Tata Trusts on 11 October 2024.
447. Which pair of scientists won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics (with Anne L'Huillier) for attosecond light pulses?
- A. Pierre Agostini and Ferenc Krausz
- B. Alain Aspect and Anton Zeilinger
- C. Roger Penrose and Andrea Ghez
- D. Rainer Weiss and Kip Thorne
Answer: Pierre Agostini and Ferenc Krausz
Explanation: Agostini, Krausz and L'Huillier were honoured for experimental methods generating attosecond pulses to study electron dynamics.
448. The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics, awarded to Clarke, Devoret and Martinis, was for the discovery of:
- A. Attosecond light pulses
- B. Macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling in an electric circuit
- C. The Higgs boson
- D. Gravitational waves
Answer: Macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling in an electric circuit
Explanation: The trio showed quantum tunnelling and energy quantisation in a macroscopic superconducting circuit, underpinning quantum computing.
449. Who won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Literature, a Hungarian author known for 'Satantango'?
- A. Laszlo Krasznahorkai
- B. Peter Nadas
- C. Imre Kertesz
- D. Peter Esterhazy
Answer: Laszlo Krasznahorkai
Explanation: Krasznahorkai was cited for a compelling and visionary oeuvre reaffirming the power of art amid apocalyptic terror.
450. The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognised discoveries concerning:
- A. Hepatitis C virus
- B. Circadian clocks
- C. mRNA vaccines
- D. Peripheral immune tolerance
Answer: Peripheral immune tolerance
Explanation: Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi were honoured for discoveries on peripheral immune tolerance (regulatory T cells).
451. Which Manchester City midfielder won the 2024 Ballon d'Or?
- A. Rodri
- B. Erling Haaland
- C. Jude Bellingham
- D. Vinicius Junior
Answer: Rodri
Explanation: Manchester City's Rodri won the 2024 Ballon d'Or; Ousmane Dembele won in 2025.
452. Which Indian film won the Grand Prix at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival, the first Indian film to do so?
- A. All We Imagine as Light
- B. Homebound
- C. The Shameless
- D. Santosh
Answer: All We Imagine as Light
Explanation: Payal Kapadia's 'All We Imagine as Light' won the Grand Prix, the festival's second-highest honour.
453. At the 95th Academy Awards (March 2023), which Indian song won Best Original Song?
- A. Kesari
- B. Naatu Naatu from RRR
- C. Chaiyya Chaiyya
- D. Jai Ho
Answer: Naatu Naatu from RRR
Explanation: M. M. Keeravani's composition with lyrics by Chandrabose won; 'The Elephant Whisperers' also won Best Documentary Short.
454. Which actor was announced as the recipient of the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in September 2025?
- A. Mohanlal
- B. Mammootty
- C. Kamal Haasan
- D. Rajinikanth
Answer: Mohanlal
Explanation: Malayalam star Mohanlal was named for India's highest cinema honour, to be presented at the 71st National Film Awards.
455. The 58th Jnanpith Award (announced in February 2024) was shared by Gulzar and which Sanskrit scholar?
- A. Radhavallabh Tripathi
- B. Satyavrat Shastri
- C. Rewa Prasad Dwivedi
- D. Jagadguru Rambhadracharya
Answer: Jagadguru Rambhadracharya
Explanation: The 58th Jnanpith honoured Urdu poet Gulzar and Sanskrit scholar Jagadguru Rambhadracharya.
456. The 59th Jnanpith Award (announced in 2025) was conferred on which Hindi writer from Chhattisgarh?
- A. Kedarnath Singh
- B. Manglesh Dabral
- C. Gyanranjan
- D. Vinod Kumar Shukla
Answer: Vinod Kumar Shukla
Explanation: Vinod Kumar Shukla, author of 'Naukar ki Kameez' and 'Deewar Mein Ek Khidki Rahti Thi', became the first Chhattisgarh writer to receive the Jnanpith.
457. Who won the 2024 Booker Prize for the space-station novel 'Orbital'?
- A. Charlotte Wood
- B. Samantha Harvey
- C. Percival Everett
- D. Rachel Kushner
Answer: Samantha Harvey
Explanation: British author Samantha Harvey won for 'Orbital', set over 24 hours aboard the International Space Station.
458. Banu Mushtaq's 'Heart Lamp', which won the 2025 International Booker Prize, was translated into English by:
- A. Daisy Rockwell
- B. Arunava Sinha
- C. Jayasree Kalathil
- D. Deepa Bhasthi
Answer: Deepa Bhasthi
Explanation: It is a collection of short stories originally in Kannada, the first Kannada book to win the International Booker.
459. Claudia Goldin won the 2023 Economics Nobel for advancing understanding of:
- A. Inflation targeting
- B. Women's labour market outcomes
- C. Auction theory
- D. Financial crises and bank runs
Answer: Women's labour market outcomes
Explanation: Goldin was the third woman to win the Economics Nobel and the first to win it solo.
460. Who shared the 2024 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for studies of how institutions affect prosperity?
- A. Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt
- B. Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson
- C. Esther Duflo, Abhijit Banerjee and Michael Kremer
- D. Claudia Goldin, Ben Bernanke and Douglas Diamond
Answer: Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson
Explanation: Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson were cited for studies of how institutions are formed and affect prosperity.
461. The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, awarded to Kitagawa, Robson and Yaghi, recognised the development of:
- A. Molecular machines
- B. Green fluorescent protein
- C. Metal-organic frameworks
- D. Lithium-ion batteries
Answer: Metal-organic frameworks
Explanation: Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar Yaghi were honoured for metal-organic frameworks.
462. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper shared the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with David Baker for work on:
- A. Lithium-ion batteries
- B. Quantum dots
- C. Click chemistry
- D. Protein structure prediction and computational protein design
Answer: Protein structure prediction and computational protein design
Explanation: Hassabis and Jumper (AlphaFold2) predicted protein structures, while Baker did computational protein design.
463. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for foundational discoveries enabling:
- A. Quantum cryptography
- B. Gravitational wave detection
- C. Superconducting qubits
- D. Machine learning with artificial neural networks
Answer: Machine learning with artificial neural networks
Explanation: The prize recognised foundational work on artificial neural networks that underpins modern machine learning.
464. The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine went to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for discoveries on:
- A. Nucleoside base modifications enabling effective mRNA vaccines
- B. The CRISPR gene-editing mechanism
- C. The discovery of hepatitis C virus
- D. Immune checkpoint inhibition in cancer
Answer: Nucleoside base modifications enabling effective mRNA vaccines
Explanation: Their work made the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines possible.
465. Who won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for 'innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable'?
- A. Annie Ernaux
- B. Abdulrazak Gurnah
- C. Peter Handke
- D. Jon Fosse
Answer: Jon Fosse
Explanation: Norwegian writer Jon Fosse received the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature.
466. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to which South Korean author known for 'The Vegetarian'?
- A. Shin Kyung-sook
- B. Hwang Sok-yong
- C. Kim Young-ha
- D. Han Kang
Answer: Han Kang
Explanation: Han Kang became the first South Korean and the first Asian woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
467. Who received the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize for her work promoting democratic rights in Venezuela?
- A. Delcy Rodriguez
- B. Ingrid Betancourt
- C. Maria Corina Machado
- D. Juan Guaido
Answer: Maria Corina Machado
Explanation: The Norwegian Nobel Committee honoured Venezuelan opposition leader Maria Corina Machado for her struggle for a just and peaceful transition to democracy.
468. The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots organisation of survivors of:
- A. The Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings
- B. The Chernobyl disaster
- C. The Fukushima nuclear disaster
- D. The Bhopal gas tragedy
Answer: The Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings
Explanation: Nihon Hidankyo, representing hibakusha, was honoured for efforts towards a world free of nuclear weapons.
469. The 2023 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Narges Mohammadi for her fight against the oppression of women in which country?
- A. Iraq
- B. Saudi Arabia
- C. Iran
- D. Afghanistan
Answer: Iran
Explanation: Narges Mohammadi, jailed in Iran, was honoured for fighting the oppression of women and promoting human rights and freedom for all.
470. Sunil Chhetri ended his international football career in June 2024 after a World Cup qualifier against:
- A. Qatar
- B. Bangladesh
- C. Kuwait
- D. Afghanistan
Answer: Kuwait
Explanation: Chhetri's farewell match was the goalless draw against Kuwait at the Salt Lake Stadium, Kolkata on 6 June 2024.
471. Neeraj Chopra crossed the 90 m mark for the first time at which 2025 event?
- A. Lausanne Diamond League
- B. Budapest World Championships
- C. Doha Diamond League
- D. Paris Diamond League
Answer: Doha Diamond League
Explanation: He threw 90.23 m in Doha in May 2025 but finished second to Julian Weber.
472. The 2025 Anderson-Tendulkar Trophy in England ended as:
- A. 2-2 draw
- B. 1-1 draw
- C. 3-1 England win
- D. 3-2 India win
Answer: 2-2 draw
Explanation: India won the final Oval Test by 6 runs to level the five-match series 2-2; Shubman Gill scored 754 runs as captain.
473. Which team won the IPL 2025 final, claiming its maiden title by beating Punjab Kings by 6 runs?
- A. Delhi Capitals
- B. Gujarat Titans
- C. Royal Challengers Bengaluru
- D. Mumbai Indians
Answer: Royal Challengers Bengaluru
Explanation: RCB won its first IPL title on 3 June 2025 at Ahmedabad; a celebration crowd crush near Chinnaswamy Stadium the next day killed 11.
474. India's 0-3 Test series loss to New Zealand in October-November 2024 was notable because:
- A. It was India's first loss to New Zealand at home
- B. It was India's first home series loss in 20 years
- C. It ended a 10-year unbeaten home run
- D. It was India's first home whitewash in a three-Test series
Answer: It was India's first home whitewash in a three-Test series
Explanation: It was the first time India was whitewashed 0-3 at home in a three-match Test series.
475. Rohan Bopanna set which record at the 2024 Australian Open?
- A. First Indian to win a men's singles Grand Slam
- B. Youngest Grand Slam doubles champion
- C. First Indian to win a Grand Slam mixed title
- D. Oldest Grand Slam men's doubles champion at 43
Answer: Oldest Grand Slam men's doubles champion at 43
Explanation: Bopanna and Matthew Ebden won the men's doubles, making Bopanna the oldest Open-era Grand Slam champion and world No. 1 in doubles.
476. Which Indian pair became the first from India to win a BWF Super 1000 title, at the 2023 Indonesia Open?
- A. Treesa Jolly and Gayatri Gopichand
- B. Arjun M. R. and Dhruv Kapila
- C. Krishna Prasad and Vishnuvardhan Goud
- D. Satwiksairaj Rankireddy and Chirag Shetty
Answer: Satwiksairaj Rankireddy and Chirag Shetty
Explanation: Satwik-Chirag won the men's doubles at the Indonesia Open Super 1000 in June 2023 and later the Asian Games gold.
477. In the 2023 Hangzhou Asian Games (held September-October 2023), India's final medal count was:
- A. 95, including 22 gold
- B. 100, including 25 gold
- C. 111, including 30 gold
- D. 107, including 28 gold
Answer: 107, including 28 gold
Explanation: India's 107 medals (28 gold, 38 silver, 41 bronze) were its best ever at the Asian Games.
478. Divya Deshmukh won the 2025 FIDE Women's World Cup in Batumi, Georgia, by defeating which compatriot in the final?
- A. Koneru Humpy
- B. Harika Dronavalli
- C. R. Vaishali
- D. Vantika Agrawal
Answer: Koneru Humpy
Explanation: Divya Deshmukh beat Koneru Humpy in the tie-break and earned the Grandmaster title in the process.
479. At the 45th Chess Olympiad in Budapest (September 2024), India's achievement was:
- A. Gold in both the Open and Women's sections
- B. Gold in Women's section only
- C. Silver in both sections
- D. Gold in the Open section only
Answer: Gold in both the Open and Women's sections
Explanation: India won its first-ever Olympiad golds in both the Open and Women's categories in Budapest.
480. D. Gukesh became the youngest undisputed World Chess Champion in December 2024 by defeating which player in Singapore?
- A. Magnus Carlsen
- B. Ding Liren
- C. Fabiano Caruana
- D. Ian Nepomniachtchi
Answer: Ding Liren
Explanation: Gukesh, aged 18, beat Ding Liren 7.5-6.5 in the 14th game on 12 December 2024.
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