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RPF Sub-Inspector Promotion Examination MCQ Practice

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2161. Under BNSS, a proclamation requiring the appearance of a person against whom a warrant has been issued (and who has absconded) must be published in which manner as a mandatory minimum, in addition to any electronic publication?
  1. A. Only through a national television broadcast
  2. B. Only via a mobile app notification
  3. C. Publicly read in some conspicuous place of the town/village and affixed to a conspicuous part of the house where he ordinarily resides
  4. D. Only by publication in the Official Gazette of India
Answer: Publicly read in some conspicuous place of the town/village and affixed to a conspicuous part of the house where he ordinarily resides
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC's core proclamation-publication requirement -- public reading in a conspicuous place plus affixation at the person's residence -- while also permitting supplementary publication in a daily newspaper or, per BNSS, electronic means.
2162. Under BNSS, service of summons on a witness may now additionally be effected by which electronic mode, in addition to registered post, that was not explicitly provided for under the CrPC?
  1. A. Only fax transmission
  2. B. Only telegram
  3. C. Speed Post or courier service, or by electronic communication such as e-mail
  4. D. Personal delivery by a High Court Judge
Answer: Speed Post or courier service, or by electronic communication such as e-mail
Explanation: BNSS Section 63/64 (summons provisions) expressly recognise electronic modes of service -- Speed Post, approved courier services, and electronic communication such as email or app-based messaging -- modernising the traditional registered-post-only regime.
2163. Under BNSS, where a summons cannot be served on a person by any of the ordinary modes and the serving officer, after due diligence, cannot find him, the Court may cause the summons to be served by affixing a copy on:
  1. A. Some conspicuous part of the house or homestead in which he ordinarily resides
  2. B. The nearest police station notice board only
  3. C. The website of the Ministry of Home Affairs
  4. D. A newspaper of national circulation only
Answer: Some conspicuous part of the house or homestead in which he ordinarily resides
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC's affixation mode of substituted service: a conspicuous part of the person's residence, used when ordinary service has failed despite due diligence, ensuring notice reaches a place reasonably connected to the addressee.
2164. Under BNSS, when summons is to be served on a person, and he cannot be found, it may be served by leaving a copy with some adult member of his family residing with him, but this excludes:
  1. A. His adult son
  2. B. A servant of the household
  3. C. His spouse
  4. D. His adult daughter
Answer: A servant of the household
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC's family-member service rule, which excludes household servants from being valid recipients of substituted service, requiring the recipient to be an adult family member actually residing with the addressee.
2165. Under BNSS, in urgent cases of nuisance or apprehended danger, where immediate prevention or speedy remedy is desirable, the Magistrate may pass an order under a provision equivalent to Section 144 CrPC, and such order shall not remain in force for more than:
  1. A. Indefinitely until formally revoked
  2. B. Fifteen days only, with no extension possible
  3. C. One year without any extension mechanism
  4. D. Two months from the making thereof, extendable up to six months by the State Government if necessary
Answer: Two months from the making thereof, extendable up to six months by the State Government if necessary
Explanation: BNSS's equivalent of Section 144 CrPC (public order/nuisance prevention orders) caps the order's duration at two months, extendable to a maximum of six months by the State Government if it considers it necessary for preventing danger to life or safety.
2166. Under BNSS, an Executive Magistrate, on receiving a report of a police officer or other information that a public nuisance exists, may issue a conditional order under a provision equivalent to Section 133 CrPC, directing the person causing the nuisance to remove it, or:
  1. A. Face permanent closure of business without any process
  2. B. Be immediately imprisoned pending compliance
  3. C. Pay a fixed monetary penalty without any hearing
  4. D. Appear before the Magistrate and show cause why the order should not be made absolute
Answer: Appear before the Magistrate and show cause why the order should not be made absolute
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 133 public-nuisance mechanism: a conditional order requires the person to either remove the nuisance or appear and show cause against it becoming absolute, balancing swift public-health action with due process.
2167. Under BNSS, in proceedings relating to disputes as to immovable property likely to cause breach of peace, the Magistrate decides the question of:
  1. A. Actual possession, not the question of title
  2. B. Only monetary compensation between parties
  3. C. Title and ownership conclusively
  4. D. Criminal liability of the parties involved
Answer: Actual possession, not the question of title
Explanation: A well-tested distinction: the Magistrate in such proceedings decides only who is in actual possession, leaving the question of legal title to be decided by a civil court, since the objective is preventing breach of peace, not resolving ownership.
2168. Under BNSS, a District Magistrate or Sub-divisional Magistrate, upon receiving information that a dispute likely to cause a breach of the peace exists concerning land or water within his local jurisdiction, may pass a preliminary order under a provision equivalent to Section 145 CrPC, requiring parties to:
  1. A. Submit the dispute to private arbitration only
  2. B. Pay a security deposit equal to the land's market value
  3. C. Attend and put in written statements of their respective claims as to the fact of actual possession
  4. D. Immediately vacate the disputed property pending trial
Answer: Attend and put in written statements of their respective claims as to the fact of actual possession
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 145 mechanism for disputes concerning immovable property likely to cause breach of peace: the Magistrate requires parties to file written statements as to the fact of actual possession, and decides possession (not title) to prevent violence.
2169. Under BNSS, if a person ordered to give security fails to do so, the Magistrate may, subject to certain conditions, order him to be detained in prison, and such detention shall not exceed:
  1. A. One month only, regardless of circumstances
  2. B. Life imprisonment in all cases
  3. C. A maximum of 90 days regardless of the security period ordered
  4. D. The period for which the security was ordered
Answer: The period for which the security was ordered
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC principle that imprisonment for default in furnishing security shall not exceed the period for which the security was ordered, preventing indefinite detention for a preventive (non-punitive) measure.
2170. Under BNSS, when a person for whom a bond for good behaviour has been ordered is a minor, the bond shall be executed only by:
  1. A. No bond can be ordered for a minor under any circumstances
  2. B. The minor himself, mandatorily, regardless of age
  3. C. The local police station in loco parentis
  4. D. His sureties
Answer: His sureties
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC safeguard that where the person ordered to give security is a minor, the bond shall be executed only by his sureties, protecting minors from being personally bound.
2171. Under BNSS, in relation to security for keeping the peace on conviction, a Magistrate of the first class convicting a person of certain offences involving a breach of the peace may, at the time of passing sentence, order the person to execute a bond, with or without sureties, for keeping the peace for a period not exceeding:
  1. A. One year
  2. B. Six months
  3. C. Five years
  4. D. Three years
Answer: Three years
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 106 provision allowing a Magistrate to order a bond for keeping the peace, not exceeding three years, from a person convicted of offences involving a breach of the peace, as a preventive supplement to the sentence.
2172. Under BNSS, once the examination of witnesses has begun, the trial shall proceed on a day-to-day basis until all witnesses in attendance have been examined, UNLESS the Court finds the adjournment beyond the following day necessary for reasons to be recorded. This provision aims to:
  1. A. Allow the prosecution unlimited time to gather evidence
  2. B. Reduce the number of witnesses examined
  3. C. Eliminate the need for cross-examination
  4. D. Prevent undue and prolonged delay in trial proceedings
Answer: Prevent undue and prolonged delay in trial proceedings
Explanation: BNSS retains the day-to-day trial mandate from Section 309 CrPC (also emphasised in BNSS's speedy-trial thrust), directly targeting witness-tampering risk and prolonged pendency by requiring continuous examination once started.
2173. Under BNSS, the maximum number of adjournments that may ordinarily be granted during the trial after examination of witnesses has begun, unless the Court finds it necessary in the interest of justice, is limited to how many, per party, save in exceptional circumstances?
  1. A. Unlimited adjournments as requested by counsel
  2. B. Not more than two adjournments
  3. C. No adjournments are permitted at all once trial begins
  4. D. Exactly five adjournments
Answer: Not more than two adjournments
Explanation: BNSS's adjournment provision (the CrPC Section 309 equivalent) adds a new proviso that no adjournment shall be granted more than two times to either party, to curb trial delays.
2174. Under BNSS, where the Court is satisfied that compensation awarded under the victim compensation scheme is inadequate, or where the case ends in acquittal or discharge and the victim requires rehabilitation, the Court may make recommendation for compensation to:
  1. A. The District Legal Services Authority or State Legal Services Authority, as the case may be
  2. B. The local police station only
  3. C. The State Human Rights Commission exclusively
  4. D. The Central Bureau of Investigation
Answer: The District Legal Services Authority or State Legal Services Authority, as the case may be
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC mechanism directing the District or State Legal Services Authority to determine the quantum of compensation under the victim compensation scheme, keeping compensation administration outside the trial court's direct disbursement role.
2175. Under BNSS, victim compensation schemes require every State Government, in coordination with the Central Government, to prepare a scheme for providing funds for compensation to the victim or his dependents who have suffered loss or injury as a result of the crime. This provision corresponds to which CrPC section?
  1. A. Section 357A CrPC
  2. B. Section 359 CrPC
  3. C. Section 250 CrPC
  4. D. Section 358 CrPC
Answer: Section 357A CrPC
Explanation: BNSS Section 396 retains the victim compensation scheme mechanism of Section 357A CrPC, requiring State Governments to fund compensation for victims regardless of whether the offender is convicted or even identified.
2176. Under BNSS, community service has been introduced as a new form of sentence, distinct from CrPC. Which of the following BNS offences is punishable with community service as an alternative under BNSS-consistent sentencing?
  1. A. Murder
  2. B. Petty theft where the value of stolen property is returned or restored
  3. C. Dacoity with murder
  4. D. Kidnapping for ransom
Answer: Petty theft where the value of stolen property is returned or restored
Explanation: BNS (substantive law) introduces community service as a punishment option for specified minor offences such as petty theft under Rs 5,000 where property is restored; BNSS operationalises how such sentences are executed and supervised, a genuinely new concept absent from the CrPC/IPC framework.
2177. Under BNSS, a victim's right to appeal against an order of acquittal, conviction for a lesser offence, or inadequate compensation is now expressly recognized under which section?
  1. A. Section 413 BNSS (equivalent to the victim's appeal proviso under Section 372 CrPC)
  2. B. Section 105 BNSS
  3. C. Section 35 BNSS
  4. D. Section 193 BNSS
Answer: Section 413 BNSS (equivalent to the victim's appeal proviso under Section 372 CrPC)
Explanation: Section 413 BNSS retains and continues the victim's right to appeal against acquittal, conviction for a lesser offence, or inadequate compensation, originally introduced as a proviso to Section 372 CrPC in 2009.
2178. Under BNSS, a complaint to a Magistrate alleging commission of an offence may be made orally or in writing. If made orally, the Magistrate must:
  1. A. Reject it outright as procedurally invalid
  2. B. Require the complaint to be notarized first
  3. C. Refer it to the police for conversion to FIR only
  4. D. Reduce it to writing and have it signed by the complainant, as newly clarified under BNSS
Answer: Reduce it to writing and have it signed by the complainant, as newly clarified under BNSS
Explanation: BNSS Section 223 (equivalent to Section 200 CrPC) requires that an oral complaint be reduced to writing and signed by the complainant, ensuring a clear record before examination of the complainant on oath.
2179. Which of the following statements about the enactment and commencement of BNSS, 2023 is accurate?
  1. A. BNSS is Act No. 46 of 2023, notified to come into force from 1 July 2024, replacing the CrPC, 1973
  2. B. BNSS came into force on 26 January 2024
  3. C. BNSS is Act No. 45 of 2023 and remains only partially notified
  4. D. BNSS replaced only the Indian Evidence Act, not the CrPC
Answer: BNSS is Act No. 46 of 2023, notified to come into force from 1 July 2024, replacing the CrPC, 1973
Explanation: BNSS, 2023 is Act No. 46 of 2023, brought into force from 1 July 2024 alongside the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, replacing the CrPC, 1973.
2180. Under BNSS transitional provisions, pending cases and proceedings that were initiated before 1 July 2024 under the CrPC are to be:
  1. A. Transferred to a special transitional tribunal
  2. B. Automatically dismissed and refiled under BNSS
  3. C. Automatically converted to BNSS procedure regardless of stage
  4. D. Continued and disposed of under the provisions of the CrPC as if the BNSS had not been enacted, as a general savings rule
Answer: Continued and disposed of under the provisions of the CrPC as if the BNSS had not been enacted, as a general savings rule
Explanation: Section 531 BNSS (repeal and savings clause) provides that pending proceedings initiated before the commencement of BNSS shall continue to be governed by the CrPC as if the Sanhita had not been enacted, preserving continuity.
2181. Under Section 483 BNSS, the High Court or Court of Session, before releasing on bail a person accused of an offence triable exclusively by the Court of Session or punishable with death/life imprisonment, must give notice to whom?
  1. A. The Public Prosecutor, giving reasonable time to respond
  2. B. No notice is required in any circumstance
  3. C. Only the local municipal corporation
  4. D. Only the media
Answer: The Public Prosecutor, giving reasonable time to respond
Explanation: Section 483 BNSS (equivalent to Section 439 CrPC) retains the requirement to give the Public Prosecutor notice before granting bail in serious offences triable exclusively by the Sessions Court or punishable with death/life imprisonment.
2182. Under Section 482 BNSS, anticipatory bail (pre-arrest bail) may be sought before which courts?
  1. A. Only the Supreme Court
  2. B. The High Court or the Court of Session
  3. C. Only the jurisdictional police station
  4. D. Any Judicial Magistrate of the second class
Answer: The High Court or the Court of Session
Explanation: Section 482 BNSS (equivalent to Section 438 CrPC) retains the position that anticipatory bail applications lie only before the High Court or Court of Session.
2183. Under Section 479 BNSS, the one-third/one-half detention rule for release on bond explicitly excludes which category of accused persons?
  1. A. Persons who cannot afford a private lawyer
  2. B. Persons above the age of forty years
  3. C. Persons accused of offences under local municipal laws
  4. D. Persons against whom proceedings are pending for more than one offence, or persons accused of an offence punishable with death or life imprisonment
Answer: Persons against whom proceedings are pending for more than one offence, or persons accused of an offence punishable with death or life imprisonment
Explanation: Section 479 BNSS excludes from this benefit persons facing proceedings in more than one offence and those accused of offences punishable with death or life imprisonment, narrowing the relief's scope.
2184. Under Section 479 BNSS, which authority is now under a proactive statutory duty to apply for bail of eligible undertrial prisoners, rather than waiting for the prisoner to apply?
  1. A. The local Member of Parliament
  2. B. The complainant's advocate
  3. C. The investigating officer of the case
  4. D. The Superintendent of Jail
Answer: The Superintendent of Jail
Explanation: Section 479 BNSS places a new proactive duty on the Superintendent of Jail to apply for bail on behalf of eligible undertrial prisoners who have completed the requisite one-third or one-half detention period, a mechanism absent from CrPC.
2185. Under Section 479 BNSS, a first-time offender (never previously convicted) who has undergone detention for a period equal to what fraction of the maximum sentence prescribed for the offence must ordinarily be released on bond?
  1. A. The entire maximum period
  2. B. One-half of the maximum period
  3. C. Two-thirds of the maximum period
  4. D. One-third of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for that offence
Answer: One-third of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for that offence
Explanation: Section 479 BNSS introduces a landmark reform: first-time offenders must be released on bond after undergoing one-third of the maximum sentence, while other undertrials qualify after one-half, excluding death/life imprisonment cases.
2186. Under BNSS default bail provisions, what is a key change regarding an accused's obligation before being released on default bail, compared to the position under CrPC as interpreted by courts?
  1. A. BNSS removed the requirement of furnishing any bond entirely
  2. B. BNSS abolished default bail altogether
  3. C. BNSS explicitly codifies that the accused must apply for and be prepared to furnish bail, in line with the settled position under both regimes
  4. D. BNSS made default bail available only to first-time offenders
Answer: BNSS explicitly codifies that the accused must apply for and be prepared to furnish bail, in line with the settled position under both regimes
Explanation: BNSS Section 187 retains and codifies the settled judicial position that the accused must apply for default bail and be prepared to furnish bail; the right does not operate automatically without an application.
2187. Under BNSS, when a warrant is directed to a police officer for execution outside the local jurisdiction where it is issued, the officer must ordinarily first obtain endorsement from which authority in the jurisdiction where it is to be executed?
  1. A. The Chief Minister's office
  2. B. A local Executive Magistrate or the officer in charge of the local police station
  3. C. The Election Commission
  4. D. The nearest post office
Answer: A local Executive Magistrate or the officer in charge of the local police station
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 79 requirement of endorsement by a local Executive Magistrate or the officer in charge of the local police station before execution of a warrant outside the issuing jurisdiction, except in cases of urgency.
2188. Under BNSS, a warrant of arrest issued by a court remains in force until:
  1. A. Thirty days from the date of issue only
  2. B. It is cancelled by the court which issued it, or until it is executed
  3. C. One year from issue, with no possibility of extension
  4. D. It automatically lapses after seven days
Answer: It is cancelled by the court which issued it, or until it is executed
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 70 rule that a warrant of arrest remains in force until cancelled by the issuing court or until executed, with no automatic time-based expiry.
2189. Under BNSS, service of summons may now also validly be effected through which additional electronic mode, distinct from the traditional CrPC modes?
  1. A. Only by public town-crier announcement
  2. B. No electronic mode is recognized under BNSS
  3. C. Electronic communication, such as e-mail or other electronic means as prescribed
  4. D. Only via a newspaper classified ad
Answer: Electronic communication, such as e-mail or other electronic means as prescribed
Explanation: BNSS Section 63-71 framework explicitly recognizes service of summons via electronic communication such as email, a modernization not present in the original CrPC text.
2190. Under BNSS, when a summons is issued to a corporation, service may be effected by delivering it to which person, in addition to registered post to the registered office?
  1. A. Any random employee found at the gate
  2. B. The Secretary, local manager, or other principal officer of the corporation
  3. C. A newspaper publication is the only valid mode
  4. D. Only the Managing Director in person
Answer: The Secretary, local manager, or other principal officer of the corporation
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 63 scheme for service of summons on a corporation, permitting service on the Secretary, local manager, or other principal officer, or by registered post to the registered office.
2191. Under BNSS, which authority has the power to issue a search warrant for a document, parcel, or thing in the custody of a postal or telegraph authority?
  1. A. Only a constable in charge of the local police station
  2. B. Only the Postmaster General directly
  3. C. A District Magistrate, Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court of Session, or High Court
  4. D. Only the Union Home Ministry
Answer: A District Magistrate, Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court of Session, or High Court
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 92 scheme empowering a District Magistrate, Chief Judicial Magistrate, Court of Session, or High Court to require postal or telegraph authorities to deliver documents/parcels for investigation, inquiry, trial, or proceeding.
2192. Under BNSS, a Magistrate of the first class may pass a sentence of imprisonment for a term not exceeding:
  1. A. Seven years
  2. B. Five years
  3. C. Three years
  4. D. One year
Answer: Three years
Explanation: Section 23 BNSS retains the Judicial Magistrate first class's sentencing power at imprisonment not exceeding three years, unchanged from Section 29 CrPC, distinguishing it from the enhanced CJM power of seven years.
2193. Under BNSS, the maximum sentence of imprisonment a Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass is:
  1. A. Life imprisonment
  2. B. Imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years
  3. C. Imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year
  4. D. Imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years
Answer: Imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years
Explanation: A Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass any sentence authorised by law except death, life imprisonment or imprisonment exceeding seven years, the same ceiling as under Section 29 CrPC.
2194. Under BNSS, the classes of criminal courts, apart from High Courts and courts constituted under any law other than BNSS, include Courts of Session, Judicial Magistrates of the first class, Judicial Magistrates of the second class, and:
  1. A. Executive Magistrates
  2. B. Family Court judges only
  3. C. Gram Nyayalaya adjudicators exclusively
  4. D. Lok Adalat panels
Answer: Executive Magistrates
Explanation: Section 6 BNSS (equivalent to Section 6 CrPC) lists the classes of criminal courts as Courts of Session, Judicial Magistrates of the first class, Judicial Magistrates of the second class, and Executive Magistrates (BNSS has no Metropolitan Magistrates).
2195. Under Section 295 BNSS, the judgment of a court in a plea bargaining disposal is final, and no appeal lies against it, except:
  1. A. An appeal to the local police superintendent
  2. B. A revision to the District Magistrate
  3. C. A special leave petition under Article 136 or writ petition under Articles 226/227 of the Constitution
  4. D. A regular first appeal to the Sessions Court
Answer: A special leave petition under Article 136 or writ petition under Articles 226/227 of the Constitution
Explanation: Section 295 BNSS makes the plea bargaining judgment final with no ordinary appeal, preserving only the constitutional remedies of SLP under Article 136 and writ jurisdiction under Articles 226/227.
2196. Under BNSS provisions on plea bargaining (Chapter XXIII, Sections 289-300), an application for plea bargaining is barred for which category of offence?
  1. A. Offences committed by first-time offenders
  2. B. Offences affecting the socio-economic condition of the country, or committed against a woman or a child, or punishable with death/life imprisonment/imprisonment exceeding 7 years
  3. C. Offences punishable with fine only
  4. D. All offences under special local laws without exception
Answer: Offences affecting the socio-economic condition of the country, or committed against a woman or a child, or punishable with death/life imprisonment/imprisonment exceeding 7 years
Explanation: Section 289 BNSS (Chapter XXIII) excludes plea bargaining for offences affecting the socio-economic condition of the country, offences against a woman or a child below 14 years, and offences punishable with death, life imprisonment or imprisonment exceeding seven years.
2197. Under BNSS, judgment in a criminal trial must ordinarily be pronounced within how many days of the conclusion of arguments, as a newly introduced timeline?
  1. A. Seven days strictly
  2. B. Ninety days with no extension
  3. C. Thirty days, extendable up to forty-five days for reasons to be recorded
  4. D. One year
Answer: Thirty days, extendable up to forty-five days for reasons to be recorded
Explanation: BNSS introduces a new requirement that judgment be pronounced within thirty days of conclusion of arguments, extendable to forty-five days with recorded reasons, aimed at reducing pendency, a timeline not present in the CrPC.
2198. Under BNSS, framing of charge in a warrant case instituted on a police report must ordinarily occur within how many days from the first date of hearing on the charge, as a newly codified timeline?
  1. A. Fifteen days
  2. B. Ninety days
  3. C. Thirty days
  4. D. Sixty days
Answer: Sixty days
Explanation: BNSS introduces a new sixty-day outer limit for framing of charge from the first hearing date in warrant cases instituted on a police report, a timeline not explicitly fixed under the corresponding CrPC provision.
2199. Under BNSS, in a case where the offence is triable exclusively by a Court of Session, the Magistrate's role upon completion of investigation is to:
  1. A. Try the case himself regardless of gravity
  2. B. Dismiss the case for lack of jurisdiction
  3. C. Refer the matter to the High Court directly
  4. D. Commit the case to the Court of Session under the applicable BNSS commitment provision
Answer: Commit the case to the Court of Session under the applicable BNSS commitment provision
Explanation: BNSS retains the commitment procedure (equivalent to Section 209 CrPC) under which a Magistrate, on finding the offence triable exclusively by a Court of Session, commits the case to that Court after completing preliminary requirements.
2200. Under BNSS, when a Magistrate takes cognizance of an offence on a police report, and the report discloses further offences not mentioned in the FIR, what is the Magistrate's power?
  1. A. The Magistrate has no power over offences not in the original FIR
  2. B. The Magistrate may take cognizance of such other offences disclosed by the material on record
  3. C. The Magistrate must return the report for re-filing an amended FIR
  4. D. Cognizance can only be taken after a fresh complaint is filed
Answer: The Magistrate may take cognizance of such other offences disclosed by the material on record
Explanation: Consistent with the settled position carried into BNSS Section 210 (equivalent to Section 190 CrPC), a Magistrate taking cognizance on a police report may take cognizance of any offence disclosed by the material on record, even if not specifically mentioned in the FIR.
2201. Under BNSS, an investigating officer wants an accused person's voice sample for comparison in an extortion case. Which BNSS provision now explicitly empowers a Magistrate to order this?
  1. A. Section 173 BNSS
  2. B. Section 105 BNSS only
  3. C. Section 349 BNSS (power to order collection of specimen signatures, handwriting, or voice sample)
  4. D. Section 41 BNSS
Answer: Section 349 BNSS (power to order collection of specimen signatures, handwriting, or voice sample)
Explanation: Section 349 BNSS (equivalent to Section 311-A CrPC as amended) explicitly empowers a Magistrate to order any person, including one not under arrest, to give specimen signatures, handwriting, or voice samples for investigation purposes.
2202. Under BNSS, a confession made by an accused person to a police officer is:
  1. A. Always fully admissible without any exception
  2. B. Inadmissible in evidence against the accused, subject to specified statutory exceptions under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
  3. C. Admissible only if videographed
  4. D. Admissible only if corroborated by two independent witnesses
Answer: Inadmissible in evidence against the accused, subject to specified statutory exceptions under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
Explanation: The bar on confessions to police officers being used against the accused (with statutory exceptions like discovery of facts) continues under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, working alongside BNSS investigation provisions, mirroring the earlier Evidence Act/CrPC scheme.
2203. An investigating officer records the statement of a rape survivor under BNSS. Which safeguard, carried forward from CrPC Section 164(5-A), requires this statement to be recorded specifically by a Magistrate?
  1. A. Section 183 BNSS requires the statement of a victim of specified sexual offences to be recorded by a Judicial Magistrate as soon as the commission of the offence is brought to police notice
  2. B. No specific safeguard exists for such victims under BNSS
  3. C. Only the Superintendent of Police may record such a statement
  4. D. Any constable can record such a statement informally
Answer: Section 183 BNSS requires the statement of a victim of specified sexual offences to be recorded by a Judicial Magistrate as soon as the commission of the offence is brought to police notice
Explanation: Section 183 BNSS retains the CrPC 164(5-A) safeguard mandating recording of statements of victims of specified sexual offences by a Judicial Magistrate as soon as the offence is brought to police notice.
2204. Under BNSS, statements made by persons during investigation to a police officer (equivalent to Section 161 CrPC statements) may now additionally be recorded through which new mode?
  1. A. Only by telegram
  2. B. Only through a notarized written affidavit
  3. C. Statements cannot be recorded at all under BNSS
  4. D. Audio-video electronic means, in addition to written form
Answer: Audio-video electronic means, in addition to written form
Explanation: Section 180 BNSS (equivalent to Section 161 CrPC) permits statements of witnesses to be recorded using audio-video electronic means, in addition to the traditional written record, especially encouraged for statements of women in offences against them.
2205. Under BNSS, which categories of persons cannot ordinarily be required to attend at any place other than their own residence for examination under the investigation-attendance provision (equivalent to the CrPC 160 proviso)?
  1. A. Only serving members of Parliament
  2. B. Only government employees above Group A rank
  3. C. Only persons holding a valid passport
  4. D. A male person under fifteen or above sixty years of age, a woman, and a mentally or physically disabled person
Answer: A male person under fifteen or above sixty years of age, a woman, and a mentally or physically disabled person
Explanation: Under the proviso to Section 179 BNSS, a male person under fifteen or above sixty, a woman, and a mentally or physically disabled person cannot be required to attend any place other than their residence; BNSS added the sixty-year and disability limbs.
2206. Under BNSS, the power of the police to require attendance of persons acquainted with the facts and circumstances of a case during investigation is exercised under which section?
  1. A. Section 528 BNSS
  2. B. Section 105 BNSS
  3. C. Section 35 BNSS
  4. D. Section 179 BNSS (equivalent to Section 160 CrPC)
Answer: Section 179 BNSS (equivalent to Section 160 CrPC)
Explanation: Section 179 BNSS corresponds to Section 160 CrPC, empowering a police officer investigating a case to require attendance of persons who appear acquainted with the facts and circumstances, subject to the same-place and protected-category restrictions.
2207. Under BNSS, an order for maintenance of wives, children, and parents unable to maintain themselves is dealt with under which provision, corresponding to Section 125 CrPC?
  1. A. Section 175 BNSS
  2. B. Section 43 BNSS
  3. C. Section 144 BNSS
  4. D. Section 84 BNSS
Answer: Section 144 BNSS
Explanation: Section 144 BNSS corresponds to Section 125 CrPC and retains the substantive scheme for maintenance orders for wives, children unable to maintain themselves, and parents.
2208. Under BNSS, a police officer may, to prevent commission of a cognizable offence, arrest a person without orders from a Magistrate and without a warrant if the design of the person cannot otherwise be prevented. This preventive arrest power corresponds to which CrPC section?
  1. A. Section 107 CrPC (security to keep peace in other cases)
  2. B. Section 151 CrPC (arrest to prevent commission of cognizable offences)
  3. C. Section 41 CrPC (arrest without warrant by police)
  4. D. Section 129 CrPC (dispersal of unlawful assembly)
Answer: Section 151 CrPC (arrest to prevent commission of cognizable offences)
Explanation: BNSS retains the preventive arrest power under Section 151 CrPC's framework (renumbered within BNSS), allowing arrest without warrant to prevent a cognizable offence when it cannot otherwise be prevented, with a maximum 24-hour detention unless otherwise required.
2209. Under BNSS, an executive Magistrate empowered to prevent public nuisance can require removal of unlawful obstruction from a public place or way. This power corresponds to which CrPC provision?
  1. A. Section 176 CrPC (inquiry by Magistrate into cause of death)
  2. B. Section 160 CrPC (police summons to witnesses)
  3. C. Section 151 CrPC (arrest to prevent cognizable offences)
  4. D. Section 133 CrPC (conditional order for removal of nuisance)
Answer: Section 133 CrPC (conditional order for removal of nuisance)
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 133 conditional order mechanism for removal of public nuisance, renumbered within its public order chapter.
2210. Under BNSS provisions on maintenance of public order (corresponding to CrPC Section 144), an order restricting an individual's movement or assembly can be issued by a District Magistrate for urgent cases of apprehended danger. Under BNSS, what is the maximum duration such an order can initially remain in force?
  1. A. Two months, extendable up to six months by the State Government if necessary
  2. B. Indefinitely until formally revoked
  3. C. One year without any renewal needed
  4. D. Fifteen days only, with no extension possible
Answer: Two months, extendable up to six months by the State Government if necessary
Explanation: Section 163 BNSS (equivalent to Section 144 CrPC) retains the two-month cap on such orders, extendable up to six months by the State Government if it considers it necessary for preventing danger to human life or safety.
2211. A Magistrate orders a person to execute a bond for good behaviour under BNSS after conviction for certain offences involving criminal intimidation. This corresponds to which CrPC provision?
  1. A. Section 109 CrPC (security for vagrants)
  2. B. Section 125 CrPC (maintenance)
  3. C. Section 106 CrPC (security for good behaviour from persons convicted of certain offences)
  4. D. Section 144 CrPC (public nuisance orders)
Answer: Section 106 CrPC (security for good behaviour from persons convicted of certain offences)
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 106 scheme requiring security for good behaviour from persons convicted of offences involving a breach of peace or criminal intimidation, renumbered under BNSS Chapter IX.
2212. Under BNSS, after issuing a proclamation under Section 84, the Court may order attachment of the proclaimed person's property under Section 85. Attachment before the expiry of the proclamation period is permissible only when:
  1. A. The property value exceeds one crore rupees
  2. B. The person is about to dispose of the whole or part of the property, or about to remove it from the local jurisdiction of the Court
  3. C. The person has a criminal record
  4. D. The complainant demands it in writing
Answer: The person is about to dispose of the whole or part of the property, or about to remove it from the local jurisdiction of the Court
Explanation: Section 85 BNSS (equivalent to Section 83 CrPC) permits simultaneous attachment with proclamation only where the Court is satisfied the person is about to dispose of or remove property from its jurisdiction.
2213. Under BNSS, a distinctly new provision permits a trial in absentia for a proclaimed offender under which circumstance?
  1. A. Where the person has absconded to evade trial and there is no immediate prospect of arrest, trial may proceed in absentia after following prescribed procedure
  2. B. Only for offences committed by government servants
  3. C. Only for offences relating to elections
  4. D. In every case where a summons is unserved once
Answer: Where the person has absconded to evade trial and there is no immediate prospect of arrest, trial may proceed in absentia after following prescribed procedure
Explanation: BNSS introduces a new mechanism enabling trial in absentia of proclaimed offenders who abscond to evade trial with no immediate prospect of arrest, following due procedure including proclamation and evidence recording, a departure from CrPC's general in-presence trial norm.
2214. Under Section 84 BNSS (equivalent to Section 82 CrPC), a Court may issue a proclamation requiring a person to appear if it has reason to believe the person has absconded. What is the minimum time period the proclamation must publicly specify for the person to appear?
  1. A. Not less than thirty days from the date of publishing the proclamation
  2. B. No minimum period prescribed
  3. C. Not less than seven days
  4. D. Not less than sixty days
Answer: Not less than thirty days from the date of publishing the proclamation
Explanation: Section 84 BNSS retains the CrPC requirement that a proclamation must require appearance at a specified place and time not less than thirty days from the date of publishing it.
2215. Under BNSS default bail provisions linked to Section 187, if the chargesheet is not filed within the prescribed 60 or 90 days, the accused is entitled to bail as a matter of right. This right is commonly termed:
  1. A. Anticipatory bail
  2. B. Interim bail
  3. C. Conditional bail
  4. D. Default bail (also called statutory bail)
Answer: Default bail (also called statutory bail)
Explanation: The indefeasible right to bail arising from the investigating agency's failure to file the chargesheet within the statutory 60/90-day period is termed default or statutory bail, continued under BNSS Section 187.
2216. Under Section 187 BNSS (equivalent to Section 167 CrPC), the total period of police custody that a Magistrate may authorize, within the first period of custody, is capped at:
  1. A. 15 days only in one continuous stretch
  2. B. No cap; entirely at the Magistrate's discretion
  3. C. 60 days continuously
  4. D. 15 days, which may now be authorized in parts within the first 40 or 60 days of the total detention period
Answer: 15 days, which may now be authorized in parts within the first 40 or 60 days of the total detention period
Explanation: A key BNSS change is that the 15-day police custody period can now be authorized in parts/spread across the first 40 or 60 days of the total 60/90-day detention period, rather than only in one continuous stretch as courts often interpreted under CrPC.
2217. Under BNSS, the police report under Section 193 must now additionally include which detail regarding electronic evidence, absent in the older CrPC format?
  1. A. A list of all social media accounts of the accused
  2. B. A certificate from the telecom regulator
  3. C. Sequence of custody of electronic devices seized during investigation
  4. D. The make and model of the investigating officer's phone
Answer: Sequence of custody of electronic devices seized during investigation
Explanation: Section 193 BNSS mandates that the police report include details of the sequence of custody (chain of custody) of any electronic device seized during investigation, reflecting BNSS's emphasis on digital evidence integrity.
2218. Section 193(9) BNSS permits further investigation after a chargesheet is filed. Which procedural safeguard is newly attached to this power that did not exist in identical form under CrPC Section 173(8)?
  1. A. No permission is needed at any stage
  2. B. Prior permission of the trial court is required, and further investigation must ordinarily be completed within 90 days
  3. C. Further investigation can only be done by the CBI
  4. D. The accused must personally consent to further investigation
Answer: Prior permission of the trial court is required, and further investigation must ordinarily be completed within 90 days
Explanation: Section 193(9) BNSS is a new provision requiring the investigating officer to obtain the trial court's permission for further investigation post-chargesheet and complete it within 90 days, subject to court-granted extension, a discipline absent from CrPC 173(8).
2219. An investigating officer completes investigation and submits a final report under Section 193 BNSS. This report is the equivalent of which CrPC provision?
  1. A. Section 154 CrPC (FIR)
  2. B. Section 207 CrPC (supply of documents)
  3. C. Section 161 CrPC (examination of witnesses)
  4. D. Section 173 CrPC (police report on completion of investigation)
Answer: Section 173 CrPC (police report on completion of investigation)
Explanation: Section 193 BNSS corresponds to Section 173 CrPC, both dealing with the police report (chargesheet/final report) submitted on completion of investigation.
2220. Under BNSS, when property is seized during investigation, the seizure list (panchnama) preparation process now requires which additional formality not mandatory under CrPC?
  1. A. Approval from the State Human Rights Commission
  2. B. Publication of the seizure list in the government gazette
  3. C. A notarized affidavit from the accused
  4. D. Audio-video recording of the seizure process and witnesses signing the seizure list
Answer: Audio-video recording of the seizure process and witnesses signing the seizure list
Explanation: BNSS Sections 105/185 require audio-video recording of the search and seizure process, including preparation of the seizure list and its signing by witnesses, a new technological safeguard.
2221. During a search under BNSS, two independent and respectable inhabitants of the locality must be called as witnesses. What is the consequence prescribed under BNSS if local witnesses are unavailable or unwilling?
  1. A. Only the investigating officer's own signature suffices with no witnesses
  2. B. The search must be abandoned entirely
  3. C. The search must wait until witnesses from the same locality become available
  4. D. Witnesses from another locality or area may be called, and this is now expressly permitted by the Sanhita
Answer: Witnesses from another locality or area may be called, and this is now expressly permitted by the Sanhita
Explanation: BNSS expressly clarifies that witnesses can be from any locality, addressing a practical difficulty faced under the CrPC where courts sometimes insisted narrowly on 'locality' witnesses.
2222. Under BNSS provisions on search warrants (equivalent to Section 100 CrPC), when a closed place is searched and the occupant refuses entry, what must the officer conducting the search do first?
  1. A. Seek prior written consent from the occupant's neighbours
  2. B. Wait 48 hours before attempting any entry
  3. C. Give the occupant notice of authority and purpose, and demand that the occupant allow free ingress before any forcible entry
  4. D. Immediately break open the door without any notice
Answer: Give the occupant notice of authority and purpose, and demand that the occupant allow free ingress before any forcible entry
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 100 requirement that the officer must give notice of authority and purpose and demand free ingress before resorting to forcible entry of a closed place.
2223. Under Section 105 BNSS, the process of search of a place and seizure of property by a police officer must additionally be:
  1. A. Conducted only in the presence of a High Court judge
  2. B. Published in a local newspaper within 24 hours
  3. C. Approved by the Election Commission
  4. D. Recorded through audio-video means, preferably mobile phone, and the recording sent to the District Magistrate
Answer: Recorded through audio-video means, preferably mobile phone, and the recording sent to the District Magistrate
Explanation: Section 105 BNSS introduces mandatory audio-video recording of search and seizure, with the recording to be forwarded to the District Magistrate, a wholly new accountability safeguard not present in the CrPC.
2224. Under Section 176(3) BNSS, for an offence punishable with imprisonment of seven years or more, what is the newly mandated forensic requirement?
  1. A. A forensic expert must visit the crime scene to collect forensic evidence and videograph the process
  2. B. DNA testing is mandatory only for murder cases
  3. C. Only the investigating officer needs to photograph the scene
  4. D. A forensic report is optional and left to the discretion of the court
Answer: A forensic expert must visit the crime scene to collect forensic evidence and videograph the process
Explanation: Section 176(3) BNSS makes it mandatory, for offences punishable with 7 years or more, for a forensic expert to visit the crime scene, collect evidence, and videograph the process, to be phased in over 5 years by state governments.
2225. A victim wants to know the progress of investigation in her case. Under Section 193 BNSS, within how many days must the investigating officer inform the informant or victim of the progress?
  1. A. 15 days
  2. B. 90 days
  3. C. 180 days
  4. D. 30 days
Answer: 90 days
Explanation: Section 193 BNSS mandates that the investigating officer inform the progress of investigation to the informant or victim within 90 days, a new accountability measure not present in the CrPC.

2226. Which statement about zero FIR under BNSS is accurate?

  1. A. Zero FIR was expressly abolished under BNSS
  2. B. Section 173 BNSS statutorily recognizes registration of an FIR by any police station irrespective of area jurisdiction, to be later transferred to the jurisdictional station
  3. C. Zero FIR can only be registered at a police station within the same district as the offence
  4. D. Zero FIR is only applicable to offences against women and children
Answer: Section 173 BNSS statutorily recognizes registration of an FIR by any police station irrespective of area jurisdiction, to be later transferred to the jurisdictional station
Explanation: Section 173 BNSS gives explicit statutory backing to the zero FIR practice (previously only an administrative guideline under CrPC), allowing registration at any police station regardless of jurisdiction, with transfer to the appropriate station thereafter.
2227. Under Section 58 BNSS, a person arrested and detained shall be produced before the nearest Magistrate within 24 hours. Which of the following correctly states an exception recognized under this scheme?
  1. A. Sundays and holidays are excluded from the 24-hour count
  2. B. There is no exception; 24 hours is absolute in every situation
  3. C. Special orders of a Magistrate under Section 187 BNSS extending custody beyond 24 hours for investigation purposes
  4. D. Any officer may extend custody indefinitely on his own authority
Answer: Special orders of a Magistrate under Section 187 BNSS extending custody beyond 24 hours for investigation purposes
Explanation: While Section 58 mandates production within 24 hours, Section 187 BNSS (equivalent to Section 167 CrPC) allows a Magistrate to authorize detention beyond 24 hours in custody for the purposes of investigation.
2228. Under Section 43 of the BNSS, if a person forcibly resists a lawful arrest or attempts to evade it, the police officer may use:
  1. A. No force at all under any circumstance
  2. B. Lethal force in every instance of resistance
  3. C. All means necessary to effect the arrest, but the right to cause death is not conferred unless the person is accused of an offence punishable with death or life imprisonment
  4. D. Only verbal warnings and no physical contact
Answer: All means necessary to effect the arrest, but the right to cause death is not conferred unless the person is accused of an offence punishable with death or life imprisonment
Explanation: Section 43 BNSS (equivalent to Section 46 CrPC) allows use of all means necessary to effect arrest against resistance, but limits the right to cause death to cases involving offences punishable with death or life imprisonment.
2229. A private person under Section 40 BNSS may arrest another person only for which category of offence, and must then hand over the arrested person to whom?
  1. A. Only economic offences, handed to the SEBI office
  2. B. A non-bailable and cognizable offence, or a proclaimed offender, handed over to the nearest police officer without unnecessary delay
  3. C. Any offence whatsoever, handed over to a magistrate within seven days
  4. D. Only cyber offences, handed to the cyber cell
Answer: A non-bailable and cognizable offence, or a proclaimed offender, handed over to the nearest police officer without unnecessary delay
Explanation: Section 40 BNSS (equivalent to Section 43 CrPC) permits a private person to arrest for a non-bailable, cognizable offence or a proclaimed offender and requires handing the arrestee to the nearest police officer without unnecessary delay.
2230. Under BNSS, a person arrested without warrant and released on bail by the officer in charge of a police station is bound by a bond to appear before which authority?
  1. A. A Magistrate having jurisdiction, as and when required
  2. B. The arresting officer's immediate superior only
  3. C. The State Legal Services Authority
  4. D. No appearance obligation exists once bailed
Answer: A Magistrate having jurisdiction, as and when required
Explanation: Under BNSS bail provisions equivalent to Section 436 CrPC, a person released on bail executes a bond to appear before the Magistrate having jurisdiction as and when required.
2231. Comparing CrPC Section 57 with its BNSS counterpart, the maximum period of detention of an arrested person in police custody without magisterial authorization remains capped at:
  1. A. 72 hours for cognizable offences
  2. B. 24 hours excluding the time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest to the Magistrate's court
  3. C. No fixed cap; left to the officer's discretion
  4. D. 48 hours in all cases
Answer: 24 hours excluding the time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest to the Magistrate's court
Explanation: Section 58 BNSS (corresponding to Section 57 CrPC) retains the 24-hour cap on detention without magisterial authorization, excluding travel time to the Magistrate's court.
2232. A woman is to be arrested after sunset and before sunrise. Under BNSS, this is permissible only when which condition is fulfilled, mirroring the CrPC proviso?
  1. A. Any male officer may do so without restriction
  2. B. Only the Superintendent of Police can authorize it verbally
  3. C. It is completely prohibited under all circumstances
  4. D. A woman police officer makes a written request to the Judicial Magistrate of first class for prior permission
Answer: A woman police officer makes a written request to the Judicial Magistrate of first class for prior permission
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC safeguard that a woman cannot ordinarily be arrested after sunset and before sunrise, except in exceptional circumstances where a woman police officer seeks prior written permission from the jurisdictional Judicial Magistrate first class.
2233. An investigating officer arrests a person and wishes the arrest and detention details to be prominently displayed for relatives to know. Under BNSS, which authority is responsible for maintaining and displaying such information?
  1. A. A designated police officer nominated by each District and State to maintain arrestee information at police stations and headquarters
  2. B. The local municipal corporation
  3. C. The nearest civil court registrar
  4. D. The District Magistrate's personal secretary
Answer: A designated police officer nominated by each District and State to maintain arrestee information at police stations and headquarters
Explanation: BNSS mandates a designated police officer at the district and state level to maintain and prominently display information about arrests, continuing the D.K. Basu-inspired safeguard.
2234. Under the BNSS, 2023, arrest of an infirm or a person above sixty years of age for an offence punishable with imprisonment of three years or less requires which safeguard?
  1. A. Permission from the State Human Rights Commission
  2. B. No special permission is required
  3. C. Prior permission of the Chief Judicial Magistrate only
  4. D. Prior permission of an officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police
Answer: Prior permission of an officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police
Explanation: BNSS introduces a new safeguard requiring prior permission from an officer not below the rank of DySP before arresting an infirm person or one above sixty years for offences punishable up to three years.
2235. Under Section 35 of the BNSS, 2023, before a police officer arrests a person for an offence punishable with imprisonment of less than 7 years without a warrant, which additional safeguard was newly introduced that did not exist under the corresponding CrPC provision?
  1. A. The officer must record reasons in writing for both the arrest and for not making the arrest
  2. B. The officer must inform the local bar association
  3. C. The officer must videograph the arrest in all cases
  4. D. The officer must obtain prior magisterial sanction in every case
Answer: The officer must record reasons in writing for both the arrest and for not making the arrest
Explanation: Section 35 BNSS requires a police officer to record reasons in writing both when making an arrest and when deciding not to arrest for offences punishable up to 7 years, a safeguard absent in the old CrPC Section 41.
2236. Under BNSS, where a police officer investigating a cognizable case requires a person to attend and answer questions truly on matters connected with the investigation, that person is bound to answer, except:
  1. A. Questions the answers to which would tend to expose that person to a criminal charge, penalty, or forfeiture
  2. B. Questions asked in a language other than Hindi
  3. C. There is no exception; all questions must always be answered
  4. D. Only questions about their own name and address
Answer: Questions the answers to which would tend to expose that person to a criminal charge, penalty, or forfeiture
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC Section 161(2) safeguard (self-incrimination protection consistent with Article 20(3) of the Constitution) that a person examined by police during investigation is bound to answer truly all questions except those exposing them to a criminal charge, penalty, or forfeiture.
2237. Under BNSS, an RPF officer investigating a railway theft case wants to know how long an FIR-related original case diary must be preserved before it can be weeded/destroyed under records retention rules referenced by BNSS. Which principle governs preservation of case records under the Code?
  1. A. There is no requirement to preserve any records once an FIR is registered
  2. B. Records must be preserved as per applicable State police manuals/regulations and cannot be destroyed while a case is pending trial, appeal, revision, or where relevant for future proceedings
  3. C. All records must be destroyed within 24 hours of case closure
  4. D. Case diaries can be destroyed immediately after chargesheet filing
Answer: Records must be preserved as per applicable State police manuals/regulations and cannot be destroyed while a case is pending trial, appeal, revision, or where relevant for future proceedings
Explanation: While BNSS itself does not prescribe exact retention periods, its case diary and record provisions operate alongside State police manuals and evidentiary requirements, mandating preservation of records relevant to pending or potential future proceedings, including appeals and revisions.
2238. Under BNSS, a police officer conducting investigation of an offence relating to property may require the assistance of any person to help identify or trace stolen railway property. Refusal to render such reasonable assistance without lawful excuse, under provisions corresponding to CrPC Section 39, constitutes:
  1. A. Grounds for immediate arrest without any further process
  2. B. No offence at all, as assistance is always voluntary
  3. C. An offence under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita for failure to give information or assist a public servant when legally bound to do so
  4. D. A civil tort only, not a criminal offence
Answer: An offence under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita for failure to give information or assist a public servant when legally bound to do so
Explanation: BNSS retains the duty under provisions corresponding to CrPC Section 39 requiring every person to give information to the nearest Magistrate or police officer of the commission of certain offences; refusal to assist may attract liability under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita's provisions on omission to assist public servants.
2239. Under BNSS, where a person against whom proceedings for security for good behaviour have been initiated on the ground of being a 'habitual robber, house-breaker, or thief' fails to give the security required, the Magistrate may order that person to be detained in prison for a period not exceeding:
  1. A. Life imprisonment
  2. B. One month only, with no extension possible
  3. C. Three years
  4. D. Ten years
Answer: Three years
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC provision allowing detention up to three years where security for good behaviour is not furnished by persons proceeded against as habitual offenders, subject to the bond period and related safeguards.
2240. Under BNSS, a witness summoned to give evidence or produce a document who, without sufficient cause, fails to attend as directed, may be dealt with under provisions corresponding to CrPC Section 350, which empower the Court to:
  1. A. Issue a warrant of arrest to compel attendance and, at its discretion, impose a fine after recording reasons
  2. B. Refer the witness's case to the Supreme Court
  3. C. No action can be taken against a non-appearing witness
  4. D. Immediately sentence the witness to life imprisonment
Answer: Issue a warrant of arrest to compel attendance and, at its discretion, impose a fine after recording reasons
Explanation: BNSS retains the CrPC provision empowering a Court to issue a warrant to procure the attendance of a witness who fails to appear despite summons without sufficient cause, and permits imposing a fine after recording reasons in writing.

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