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2881. Which Hindi institution, founded at Wardha in 1936, promotes Hindi in non-Hindi regions?
- A. Bharatiya Jnanpith
- B. Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti
- C. Sahitya Akademi
- D. Kendriya Hindi Sansthan
Answer: Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti
Explanation: Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti, Wardha was founded in 1936 under Mahatma Gandhi's inspiration for propagating Hindi (Rashtrabhasha) in non-Hindi areas.
2882. The 'Rajbhasa Gaurav Puraskar' awarded by the Department of Official Language is given for what?
- A. Best constable of the year
- B. Best sports performance
- C. Original writing of books in Hindi on technical and scientific subjects
- D. Best photography
Answer: Original writing of books in Hindi on technical and scientific subjects
Explanation: Rajbhasa Gaurav Puraskar is aimed at original books in Hindi on science, technology and allied topics by individuals.
2883. The 'Hindi workshop' (Hindi karyashala) in Central Government offices is intended mainly for whom?
- A. Only senior IAS officers
- B. Only Rajbhasa Adhikaris
- C. Employees with working knowledge of Hindi, to enable them to work in Hindi
- D. Employees who know no Hindi at all
Answer: Employees with working knowledge of Hindi, to enable them to work in Hindi
Explanation: Hindi workshops are one-day or two-day sessions that train employees who have working knowledge of Hindi to do their official work in Hindi.
2884. What is the main purpose of the Hindi Pakhwada observed in Central Government offices?
- A. To promote the use of Hindi in official work through competitions and workshops around 14 September
- B. To audit Hindi budgets
- C. To train staff in French
- D. To abolish English in the office
Answer: To promote the use of Hindi in official work through competitions and workshops around 14 September
Explanation: Hindi Pakhwada (typically 14-28 September) features competitions in noting, drafting, typing and dictation to encourage Hindi.
2885. Which Committee, typically headed by the Minister-in-charge, advises the Ministry of Railways on the progressive use of Hindi?
- A. Hindi Salahkar Samiti
- B. Standing Committee on Railways
- C. Town Official Language Implementation Committee
- D. Kendriya Hindi Samiti
Answer: Hindi Salahkar Samiti
Explanation: Each Union Ministry has a Hindi Salahkar Samiti under the Minister-in-charge to advise on promoting Hindi in the Ministry and its subordinate offices.
2886. How often must a TOLIC meet, as per the Department of Official Language's guidelines?
- A. Only on Hindi Diwas
- B. Twice a year (half-yearly)
- C. Once in five years
- D. Every month
Answer: Twice a year (half-yearly)
Explanation: TOLICs meet at half-yearly intervals to review the progressive use of Hindi in the member offices.
2887. Who normally chairs a Town Official Language Implementation Committee?
- A. The Chief Minister's nominee
- B. The local Member of Parliament
- C. The District Magistrate
- D. The senior-most officer of the Central Government offices in the town
Answer: The senior-most officer of the Central Government offices in the town
Explanation: The chair is the senior-most head of a Central Government office in the town, and its meetings are held half-yearly.
2888. A Town Official Language Implementation Committee (TOLIC) is set up in a town having at least how many offices of the Central Government?
- A. 10
- B. 25
- C. 5
- D. 50
Answer: 10
Explanation: Under the Department of Official Language scheme, a TOLIC is formed in every town with ten or more Central Government offices.
2889. Which are the four stages of Hindi training imparted under the Hindi Teaching Scheme for non-Hindi-knowing employees?
- A. Prabodh, Praveen, Pragya and Parangat
- B. Prathma, Madhyama, Uttama and Visharad
- C. Parichay, Prabodh, Pragya and Pandit
- D. Bodh, Vishesh, Pravin and Pandit
Answer: Prabodh, Praveen, Pragya and Parangat
Explanation: The stages are Prabodh, Praveen, Pragya and (for those who wish to proceed) Parangat; Pragya confers working knowledge for Rule 10.
2890. The Hindi Teaching Scheme (Hindi Shikshan Yojana) of the Government of India began in which year?
- A. 1949
- B. 1976
- C. 1963
- D. 1955
Answer: 1955
Explanation: The Hindi Teaching Scheme was started in 1955 to enable Central Government employees to acquire a working knowledge of Hindi.
2891. Which Hindi institution was established at Agra in 1960 to teach Hindi to non-Hindi speakers and foreigners?
- A. Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti
- B. Hindi Sahitya Sammelan
- C. Kendriya Hindi Sansthan
- D. Nagari Pracharini Sabha
Answer: Kendriya Hindi Sansthan
Explanation: The Kendriya Hindi Sansthan, Agra (est. 1960), works under the Ministry of Education for the training of Hindi teachers and teaching of Hindi to non-Hindi speakers.
2892. The Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology (CSTT) was set up in which year, and under which Ministry does it work?
- A. 1961, Ministry of Education
- B. 1975, Ministry of Law
- C. 1971, Ministry of Culture
- D. 1950, Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: 1961, Ministry of Education
Explanation: CSTT was constituted in 1961 under the Ministry of Education to evolve Hindi and regional-language scientific and technical terminology.
2893. In which year was the Central Translation Bureau established under the Department of Official Language?
- A. 1985
- B. 1975
- C. 1960
- D. 1971
Answer: 1971
Explanation: The Central Translation Bureau was set up in 1971 to translate non-statutory material of the Government into Hindi and train translators.
2894. The Central Hindi Committee (Kendriya Hindi Samiti), the apex policy body for Hindi promotion, is chaired by whom?
- A. The Union Education Minister
- B. The Prime Minister
- C. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
- D. The Union Home Secretary
Answer: The Prime Minister
Explanation: The Central Hindi Committee, constituted in 1967, is headed by the Prime Minister and guides the progressive use of Hindi.
2895. Which Ministry administers the Department of Official Language, the nodal agency for implementing the official language policy of the Union?
- A. Ministry of Culture
- B. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
- C. Ministry of Home Affairs
- D. Ministry of Education
Answer: Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: The Department of Official Language, set up as a separate department in 1975, functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2896. The 12th World Hindi Conference, held in February 2023, took place in which country?
- A. Fiji
- B. Suriname
- C. Mauritius
- D. South Africa
Answer: Fiji
Explanation: The 12th World Hindi Conference was held at Nadi, Fiji (15-17 February 2023); the 11th was at Port Louis, Mauritius (2018).
2897. In which year was 10 January first observed as World Hindi Day (Vishwa Hindi Diwas) by the Government of India?
- A. 1999
- B. 1975
- C. 2006
- D. 2015
Answer: 2006
Explanation: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announced in 2006 that 10 January would be observed as World Hindi Day every year.
2898. Where and when was the First World Hindi Conference (Vishwa Hindi Sammelan) held?
- A. Nagpur, January 1975
- B. Port Louis, 1976
- C. Bhopal, 2015
- D. New Delhi, 1983
Answer: Nagpur, January 1975
Explanation: The first Vishwa Hindi Sammelan was held at Nagpur on 10-14 January 1975, which is why Vishwa Hindi Diwas falls on 10 January.
2899. From which year has 14 September been formally observed as Hindi Diwas?
- A. 1975
- B. 1949
- C. 1965
- D. 1953
Answer: 1953
Explanation: Hindi Diwas has been observed since 1953, on the recommendation of Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti, Wardha, to mark the 1949 decision.
2900. On which date did the Constituent Assembly adopt Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of the Union?
- A. 10 January 1975
- B. 14 September 1949
- C. 26 January 1950
- D. 26 November 1949
Answer: 14 September 1949
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly adopted the language provisions on 14 September 1949, which is why Hindi Diwas is observed on 14 September every year.
2901. Which State, created out of Madhya Pradesh in 2000, was placed in Region A of the Official Language Rules, 1976 (as amended)?
- A. Goa
- B. Telangana
- C. Mizoram
- D. Chhattisgarh
Answer: Chhattisgarh
Explanation: Chhattisgarh, along with Jharkhand (from Bihar) and Uttarakhand (from Uttar Pradesh), was placed in Region A.
2902. Which of the following is placed in Region C of the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Uttarakhand
- B. Odisha
- C. Gujarat
- D. Haryana
Answer: Odisha
Explanation: Region C includes all States and UTs not in Regions A and B, such as Odisha, West Bengal, Assam, Telangana, Kerala, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
2903. Which of the following is placed in Region B of the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Rajasthan
- B. Punjab
- C. Bihar
- D. West Bengal
Answer: Punjab
Explanation: Region B comprises Gujarat, Maharashtra, Punjab, Chandigarh and the UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.
2904. Which State/UT is classified under Region A of the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- B. Gujarat
- C. Odisha
- D. Chandigarh
Answer: Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Explanation: Region A: Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Delhi and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
2905. Which Region's State Governments are addressed in Hindi by Central Government offices as a rule, according to the Rules' scheme of Regions?
- A. Region A (and ordinarily Region B)
- B. None; English alone is used
- C. Only Region C
- D. Only Union Territories
Answer: Region A (and ordinarily Region B)
Explanation: Communications to Region A are in Hindi, to Region B ordinarily in Hindi, and to Region C in English.
2906. Which authority is responsible for ensuring due compliance with the Official Languages Act and Rules in each Central Government office?
- A. The Chief Justice
- B. Only the Department of Official Language
- C. The administrative head of that office
- D. The Public Accounts Committee
Answer: The administrative head of that office
Explanation: Rule 12 makes the administrative head of each Central Government office responsible for compliance and for devising suitable checkpoints.
2907. A Central Government employee in Region C writes an application in Hindi. Under the Rules, can the office demand an English translation?
- A. Only for service-record matters of the Region C office
- B. No; an employee may submit applications, appeals and representations in Hindi or English and cannot be required to supply a translation
- C. Only if the employee is a gazetted officer
- D. Yes, always
Answer: No; an employee may submit applications, appeals and representations in Hindi or English and cannot be required to supply a translation
Explanation: The Rules protect an employee's choice between Hindi and English for applications and representations and bar the office from asking for a translation.
2908. Under Rule 10(2) and (3) of the Official Language Rules, 1976, an employee with a pass in which of the following is deemed to have working knowledge of Hindi?
- A. A pass in Sanskrit alone
- B. Any typing test
- C. Matriculation with Hindi, or the Pragya course (or equivalent) of the Hindi Teaching Scheme
- D. Only a graduate degree in English
Answer: Matriculation with Hindi, or the Pragya course (or equivalent) of the Hindi Teaching Scheme
Explanation: Working knowledge is presumed for those who passed Matriculation with Hindi, a higher Hindi examination, Hindi as an elective at degree level, the Pragya course, or who declare it in the prescribed form.
2909. Under Rule 10(4) of the Official Language Rules, 1976, when is a Central Government office notified in the Gazette as one whose staff have working knowledge of Hindi?
- A. When 80 per cent or more of its employees have acquired working knowledge of Hindi
- B. When 50 per cent of its employees can type in Hindi
- C. When it is located in Region A
- D. When its head is a Hindi graduate
Answer: When 80 per cent or more of its employees have acquired working knowledge of Hindi
Explanation: Rule 10(4): once 80 per cent of the staff of an office have working knowledge of Hindi, the Central Government notifies the office in the Official Gazette.
2910. What is the full short title of the rules framed under Section 8 of the Official Languages Act in 1976?
- A. Official Languages (Use for Official Purposes of the Union) Rules, 1976
- B. Official Languages (Region Classification) Rules, 1976
- C. Official Language (Hindi Teaching) Rules, 1976
- D. Central Government Language Code, 1976
Answer: Official Languages (Use for Official Purposes of the Union) Rules, 1976
Explanation: The 1976 rules are titled 'Official Languages (Use for Official Purposes of the Union) Rules, 1976'.
2911. The Official Language Rules, 1976 do not apply to which State?
- A. Kerala
- B. West Bengal
- C. Tamil Nadu
- D. Karnataka
Answer: Tamil Nadu
Explanation: The Official Languages (Use for Official Purposes of the Union) Rules, 1976 extend to the whole of India except the State of Tamil Nadu.
2912. Which Language Formula did the Resolution of 1968 advocate for the Hindi-speaking States?
- A. Hindi, Sanskrit and Urdu
- B. English, Sanskrit and French
- C. Hindi, English and a modern Indian language (preferably a southern language) with Sanskrit as optional
- D. Hindi and English only
Answer: Hindi, English and a modern Indian language (preferably a southern language) with Sanskrit as optional
Explanation: The three-language formula in the Resolution: in Hindi-speaking States Hindi, English and a modern Indian language (preferably a southern language); in non-Hindi States the regional language, Hindi and English.
2913. The Official Language Resolution, 1968 emphasised that Hindi should be developed so that it becomes what?
- A. A language compulsory for all Indian citizens
- B. The sole language of the Supreme Court
- C. A replacement for all regional languages
- D. An effective medium of expression for all elements of the composite culture of India
Answer: An effective medium of expression for all elements of the composite culture of India
Explanation: The Resolution echoes Article 351 and urges the Union to take measures for the all-round development of Hindi as a medium of expression of India's composite culture.
2914. The Official Language Resolution, 1968 mandates which kind of report to be laid every year on the tables of both Houses?
- A. A report of the Linguistic Minorities Commissioner on Hindi
- B. An annual assessment report on the progress made in the use of Hindi and in implementing the Resolution
- C. A report on the Eighth Schedule
- D. A report on High Court languages
Answer: An annual assessment report on the progress made in the use of Hindi and in implementing the Resolution
Explanation: The Resolution requires a comprehensive annual assessment report, laid before both Houses and sent to all State Governments.
2915. The Official Language Resolution, 1968 was adopted in which month and year?
- A. August 1965
- B. March 1976
- C. January 1968
- D. December 1963
Answer: January 1968
Explanation: Parliament adopted the Official Language Resolution in January 1968, following the Amendment Act of 1967.
2916. The Official Languages (Amendment) Act, 1967 was passed to give effect to which assurance?
- A. The assurance of Sardar Patel on Hindi in courts
- B. The Munshi-Ayyangar formula of 1949
- C. The 1959 assurance of Prime Minister Nehru that English would continue as long as non-Hindi States desired
- D. The Kothari Commission recommendation
Answer: The 1959 assurance of Prime Minister Nehru that English would continue as long as non-Hindi States desired
Explanation: Nehru's 1959 assurance, repeated by Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1965, was given statutory form by the 1967 amendment (Section 3(5)).
2917. Under Section 7 of the Official Languages Act, 1963, when a High Court judgment is delivered in Hindi, what accompanies it?
- A. A Presidential certificate
- B. A translation of it in English issued under the authority of the Court
- C. Nothing
- D. A Hindi glossary
Answer: A translation of it in English issued under the authority of the Court
Explanation: Section 7 allows, with the Governor's authority and the President's previous consent, Hindi or the State language in judgments; any such judgment must carry an English translation.
2918. Section 5 of the Official Languages Act, 1963 deals with which subject?
- A. Authoritative text in Hindi of Central Acts and other legal instruments
- B. Language of High Court judgments
- C. Power to make rules
- D. Constitution of the Committee on Official Language
Answer: Authoritative text in Hindi of Central Acts and other legal instruments
Explanation: Section 5 provides that the Hindi translation of Central Acts and other legal instruments published by the President's authority is the authoritative text in Hindi.
2919. Under Section 4(2) of the Official Languages Act, 1963, what is the Committee on Official Language required to do?
- A. Elect the Speaker
- B. Draw up the Eighth Schedule
- C. Recommend High Court judges
- D. Review progress in the use of Hindi for official purposes of the Union and report to the President
Answer: Review progress in the use of Hindi for official purposes of the Union and report to the President
Explanation: The Committee reviews the progress made in the use of Hindi and submits a report to the President, who lays it before each House and sends it to the State Governments.
2920. Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963 provides for the constitution of the Committee on Official Language after how many years from the Act's commencement?
- A. Fifteen years
- B. Five years
- C. Ten years
- D. Twenty years
Answer: Ten years
Explanation: Section 4(1) requires the Committee to be constituted after ten years from the commencement of the Act, by a resolution moved with the President's previous sanction in either House and passed by both Houses.
2921. Under Section 3(3) of the Act, who bears the personal responsibility for ensuring that specified documents are issued in both languages?
- A. The Rajbhasa Adhikari only
- B. The person signing the document
- C. The Parliamentary Committee on Official Language
- D. The Union Home Secretary
Answer: The person signing the document
Explanation: Rule 6 of the Official Language Rules, 1976 makes the signatory of the Section 3(3) documents responsible for issuing them bilingually.
2922. Which of the following is covered by Section 3(3) of the Official Languages Act, 1963 and must be issued in both Hindi and English?
- A. Daily attendance registers
- B. Telephone directories
- C. Press communiques issued by the Central Government
- D. Internal notes on files
Answer: Press communiques issued by the Central Government
Explanation: Section 3(3) lists resolutions, general orders, rules, notifications, administrative and other reports, press communiques, reports laid before Parliament, contracts, agreements, licences, permits, notices and tender forms.
2923. Under the scheme of Section 3 of the Official Languages Act, 1963, what accompanies a Hindi communication from the Union to a State that has not adopted Hindi as its official language?
- A. The communication must be accompanied by an English translation
- B. It must be sent to the Governor only
- C. It requires Presidential sanction
- D. The State may refuse to accept it
Answer: The communication must be accompanied by an English translation
Explanation: Hindi communications to non-Hindi States carry an English translation so that no State is disadvantaged.
2924. Under Section 3(5) of the Official Languages Act, 1963 (as amended in 1967), English continues in use until what happens?
- A. Until resolutions for discontinuance are passed by the Legislature of every State that has not adopted Hindi as official language, and by each House of Parliament
- B. Until the Supreme Court so directs
- C. Until the President issues an order
- D. Until 26 January 1975
Answer: Until resolutions for discontinuance are passed by the Legislature of every State that has not adopted Hindi as official language, and by each House of Parliament
Explanation: The 1967 amendment gave the non-Hindi States an effective veto: English continues until every such State Legislature and then each House of Parliament passes a resolution to discontinue it.
2925. As per Section 2 of the Official Languages Act, 1963, what does 'Hindi' mean?
- A. Hindi and Urdu together
- B. Hindi in any Indian script
- C. Hindustani in Persian script
- D. Hindi in Devanagari script
Answer: Hindi in Devanagari script
Explanation: Section 2(b) defines 'Hindi' as Hindi in Devanagari script.
2926. Which provision of the Official Languages Act, 1963 came into force only on 26 January 1965, the 'appointed day'?
- A. Section 8
- B. Section 7
- C. Section 3
- D. Section 1
Answer: Section 3
Explanation: Section 3 (continued use of English after the 15-year period) came into force on 26 January 1965, the day defined as the 'appointed day' in Section 2.
2927. What is the Act number of the Official Languages Act, 1963 in the Union statute book?
- A. Act No. 10 of 1963
- B. Act No. 59 of 1963
- C. Act No. 1 of 1965
- D. Act No. 19 of 1963
Answer: Act No. 19 of 1963
Explanation: The Official Languages Act, 1963 is Act No. 19 of 1963, passed in the Fourteenth year of the Republic.
2928. Which Union Ministry looks after the Eighth Schedule languages' inclusion requests?
- A. Ministry of Education
- B. Ministry of Culture
- C. Ministry of Home Affairs
- D. Ministry of Law and Justice
Answer: Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: The Ministry of Home Affairs (Department of Official Language) handles demands to include languages in the Eighth Schedule.
2929. The Pahwa Committee (1996) and the Sitakant Mahapatra Committee (2003) were set up to examine what issue?
- A. The structure of the Hindi Teaching Scheme
- B. Criteria for including further languages in the Eighth Schedule
- C. Hindi in the Supreme Court
- D. The Three Language Formula in CBSE schools
Answer: Criteria for including further languages in the Eighth Schedule
Explanation: Both committees were constituted by the Government to frame criteria for including languages in the Eighth Schedule; no consensus criteria have been notified.
2930. Which statement about the Eighth Schedule is accurate?
- A. Inclusion guarantees a High Court language
- B. Inclusion does not by itself make a language an official language of any State or of the Union
- C. Inclusion makes a language an official language of the Union automatically
- D. Inclusion makes a language a 'national language'
Answer: Inclusion does not by itself make a language an official language of any State or of the Union
Explanation: The Schedule serves Articles 344(1) and 351; official-language status comes only from Part XVII or State law.
2931. Which set of languages was the most recent addition to the Eighth Schedule, bringing the count to 22?
- A. Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali (1992)
- B. Odia (2011)
- C. Sindhi (1967)
- D. Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali (2003)
Answer: Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali (2003)
Explanation: The most recent additions are the four languages of the 92nd Amendment, 2003; the 2011 change was only a renaming.
2932. Which Eighth Schedule language was added following the Sindhi movement of the late 1960s, with the Schedule's count reaching 15?
- A. Konkani
- B. Nepali
- C. Bodo
- D. Sindhi
Answer: Sindhi
Explanation: Sindhi was added through the 21st Amendment, 1967, as the 15th language.
2933. Which of the following Eighth Schedule languages has the largest number of native speakers after Hindi, as per the 2011 Census?
- A. Marathi
- B. Telugu
- C. Tamil
- D. Bengali
Answer: Bengali
Explanation: In the 2011 Census, Hindi was first (about 43.6 percent) and Bengali second (about 8 percent), followed by Marathi and Telugu.
2934. The Sahitya Akademi recognises 24 languages for its literary awards. Which of the following is recognised although NOT in the Eighth Schedule?
- A. English
- B. Dogri
- C. Santhali
- D. Maithili
Answer: English
Explanation: Sahitya Akademi recognises the 22 Eighth Schedule languages plus English and Rajasthani.
2935. Which Eighth Schedule language is written predominantly in the Nastaliq style of the Perso-Arabic script?
- A. Dogri
- B. Sindhi in India exclusively
- C. Urdu
- D. Punjabi (Gurmukhi)
Answer: Urdu
Explanation: Urdu is conventionally written in Nastaliq; Punjabi in India uses Gurmukhi and Dogri uses Devanagari (with Takri history).
2936. Which of the following Eighth Schedule languages is NOT written in Devanagari commonly?
- A. Marathi
- B. Konkani (in Goa)
- C. Nepali
- D. Gujarati
Answer: Gujarati
Explanation: Gujarati has its own script derived from Devanagari, while Marathi, Nepali and Goa's Konkani use Devanagari itself.
2937. Which Eighth Schedule language is traditionally written in the Meitei Mayek script?
- A. Bodo
- B. Manipuri (Meitei)
- C. Konkani
- D. Nepali
Answer: Manipuri (Meitei)
Explanation: Manipuri (Meitei) is written in Meitei Mayek; Bengali script was widely used in the past.
2938. Which Eighth Schedule language is written in the Ol Chiki script?
- A. Manipuri
- B. Dogri
- C. Santhali
- D. Bodo
Answer: Santhali
Explanation: Santhali uses the Ol Chiki script devised by Pandit Raghunath Murmu.
2939. In the hill areas of Darjeeling in West Bengal, which Eighth Schedule language has official recognition in addition to Bengali and English?
- A. Konkani
- B. Tamil
- C. Sindhi
- D. Nepali
Answer: Nepali
Explanation: In the Darjeeling hill areas Nepali has official recognition in West Bengal, alongside Bengali and English.
2940. The official language of Goa under the Goa, Daman and Diu Official Language Act, 1987 is which of the following?
- A. Marathi only
- B. Kannada in Kannada script
- C. Portuguese only
- D. Konkani in Devanagari script (with Marathi permitted for all or any official purposes)
Answer: Konkani in Devanagari script (with Marathi permitted for all or any official purposes)
Explanation: The Goa Act of 1987 made Konkani in Devanagari script the official language, and Marathi may also be used for any or all official purposes.
2941. In October 2024, the Union Cabinet granted Classical Language status to which five languages?
- A. Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Gujarati and Nepali
- B. Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali
- C. Tulu, Bhojpuri, Kashmiri, Sindhi and Manipuri
- D. Maithili, Dogri, Bodo, Santhali and Konkani
Answer: Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali
Explanation: The 2024 decision raised the count of Classical Languages from six to eleven.
2942. Which pair received Classical Language status in 2008?
- A. Telugu and Kannada
- B. Malayalam and Odia
- C. Marathi and Pali
- D. Tamil and Sanskrit
Answer: Telugu and Kannada
Explanation: Telugu and Kannada were declared Classical in 2008; Malayalam in 2013 and Odia in 2014.
2943. Which was the first Indian language to receive 'Classical Language' status in 2004?
- A. Kannada
- B. Telugu
- C. Sanskrit
- D. Tamil
Answer: Tamil
Explanation: Tamil was the first, in October 2004; Sanskrit followed in 2005, Telugu and Kannada in 2008.
2944. Which Eighth Schedule language is the official language of the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir along with Hindi, Dogri, Kashmiri and English under the 2020 Act?
- A. Punjabi
- B. Urdu
- C. Persian
- D. Gojri
Answer: Urdu
Explanation: The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 made Urdu, Hindi, Kashmiri, Dogri and English the official languages of the Union Territory.
2945. Which of the following is NOT an Eighth Schedule language?
- A. Manipuri
- B. Nepali
- C. English
- D. Konkani
Answer: English
Explanation: English is the associate official language of the Union, but it is not listed in the Eighth Schedule.
2946. Which of these widely spoken languages is NOT in the Eighth Schedule?
- A. Bhojpuri
- B. Urdu
- C. Sindhi
- D. Sanskrit
Answer: Bhojpuri
Explanation: Bhojpuri has no place in the Eighth Schedule despite many speakers; Sanskrit, Sindhi and Urdu are included.
2947. Which of the following languages is NOT in the Eighth Schedule?
- A. Dogri
- B. Tulu
- C. Kashmiri
- D. Maithili
Answer: Tulu
Explanation: Tulu, English, Bhojpuri and Rajasthani are not in the Eighth Schedule though widely spoken; Maithili, Dogri and Kashmiri are.
2948. The 96th Constitutional Amendment (2011) changed which entry in the Eighth Schedule?
- A. 'Assamese' was substituted by 'Asomiya'
- B. 'Kashmiri' was substituted by 'Koshur'
- C. 'Manipuri' was substituted by 'Meitei'
- D. 'Oriya' was substituted by 'Odia'
Answer: 'Oriya' was substituted by 'Odia'
Explanation: The 96th Amendment Act, 2011 substituted 'Odia' for 'Oriya' in the Eighth Schedule (the language count remained 22).
2949. Which four languages did the Constitution (92nd Amendment) Act, 2003 add to the Eighth Schedule?
- A. Dogri, Maithili, Tulu and Nepali
- B. Bodo, Kashmiri, Sindhi and Santhali
- C. Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali and Sindhi
- D. Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali
Answer: Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali
Explanation: The 92nd Amendment (in force 2004) added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali, raising the total to 22.
2950. The Constitution (71st Amendment) Act, 1992 took the Eighth Schedule from 15 to 18 languages by adding which three?
- A. Santhali, Sindhi and Kashmiri
- B. Bodo, Dogri and Maithili
- C. Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali
- D. Konkani, Santhali and Dogri
Answer: Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali
Explanation: The 71st Amendment (1992) added Konkani, Manipuri (Meitei) and Nepali.
2951. The Eighth Schedule had how many languages when the Constitution commenced in 1950, and which language was added first by amendment?
- A. 15 languages; Konkani (71st Amendment, 1992)
- B. 14 languages; Sindhi (21st Amendment, 1967)
- C. 12 languages; Nepali (1992)
- D. 18 languages; Bodo (92nd Amendment, 2003)
Answer: 14 languages; Sindhi (21st Amendment, 1967)
Explanation: The original Schedule had 14 languages; Sindhi was added by the 21st Amendment in 1967, making 15.
2952. Which Article defines the language to be used for Union–State communication by authorising the language 'for the time being authorised for use in the Union'?
- A. Article 347
- B. Article 345
- C. Article 346
- D. Article 349
Answer: Article 346
Explanation: Article 346 makes the language for the time being authorised for use in the Union the official language for communication between one State and another and between a State and the Union.
2953. The Commission under Article 344(1) is to be constituted at the expiration of how many years from commencement of the Constitution, and thereafter how often?
- A. After 3 years, and thereafter every 3 years
- B. After 5 years, and thereafter at the expiration of 10 years
- C. After 15 years, and thereafter every 15 years
- D. After 10 years, and thereafter every 5 years
Answer: After 5 years, and thereafter at the expiration of 10 years
Explanation: Article 344(1): the President constitutes the Commission at the expiration of five years from the commencement of the Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of ten years.
2954. Art. 350A speaks of instruction at which educational stage in the mother tongue of linguistic minority children?
- A. The secondary stage
- B. University education
- C. Professional education
- D. The primary stage of education
Answer: The primary stage of education
Explanation: Article 350A directs every State and local authority to endeavour to provide adequate facilities for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage to linguistic minority children.
2955. Where a State Legislature prescribes a language other than English for its Bills and Acts, where must the English translation be published under Article 348(3)?
- A. In the Supreme Court's registry only
- B. In the Press Information Bureau release
- C. In the Rajya Sabha Bulletin only
- D. In the Official Gazette of the State under the Governor's authority
Answer: In the Official Gazette of the State under the Governor's authority
Explanation: Article 348(3): where a State Legislature prescribes a language other than English for its Bills or Acts, an English translation must be published in the Official Gazette of the State under the Governor's authority.
2956. Which Constitutional provision allows the President to require recognition of a language in a State on the demand of its population, and under which Part does it fall?
- A. Chapter II (Regional Languages), Article 347
- B. Chapter IV (Special Directives), Article 350
- C. Chapter I (Language of the Union), Article 343
- D. Chapter III (Courts), Article 348
Answer: Chapter II (Regional Languages), Article 347
Explanation: Chapter II (Articles 345-347) deals with Regional Languages, and Article 347 is the President's power to recognise a language spoken by a substantial proportion of a State's population.
2957. The Gujarat High Court in a 2010 decision held that Hindi is which of the following?
- A. A foreign language for packaging law
- B. A regional language only
- C. Not a national language but the official language of the Union
- D. The national language of India
Answer: Not a national language but the official language of the Union
Explanation: In Suresh Kachhadia v. Union of India (2010) the Gujarat High Court held that Hindi is not a national language but only the official language of the Union.
2958. Which statement about the term 'national language' in the Constitution is correct?
- A. The Constitution does not define or declare any national language
- B. Article 343 declares Hindi the national language
- C. Article 351 declares Sanskrit the national language
- D. Article 345 declares English the national language
Answer: The Constitution does not define or declare any national language
Explanation: The Constitution speaks of 'official language of the Union' and of the Eighth Schedule languages; it does not designate any 'national language'.
2959. Under Article 345, until a State Legislature makes a law adopting an official language, which language continues for State official purposes?
- A. Hindi only
- B. Sanskrit
- C. The language(s) in use for those purposes immediately before the commencement of the Constitution
- D. The language of the majority of Members of the Assembly
Answer: The language(s) in use for those purposes immediately before the commencement of the Constitution
Explanation: Article 345 says that until the Legislature provides otherwise, the language or languages in use for State official purposes before the Constitution's commencement continue.
2960. The Article 344(5) Committee examines the Commission's recommendations and reports its opinion to whom?
- A. The President
- B. The Prime Minister
- C. The Supreme Court
- D. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Answer: The President
Explanation: Under Article 344(5) the Committee examines the Commission's recommendations and reports its opinion to the President, who may then issue directions under Article 344(6).
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