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RPF Head Constable Rule 72 LDCE MCQ Practice

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481. Under BNSS, an inspection of weights and measures within the limits of his station, without a warrant, may be conducted by:
  1. A. an officer in charge of a police station
  2. B. only the Chief Judicial Magistrate
  3. C. only the Sessions Judge
  4. D. a village chowkidar
Answer: an officer in charge of a police station
Explanation: An officer in charge of a police station may enter, without warrant, any place in his area to inspect weights, measures and weighing instruments, and seize false ones.
482. Under BNSS, the case diary maintained by the investigating officer can be used by the Court:
  1. A. as substantive evidence of guilt
  2. B. as a replacement for the chargesheet
  3. C. as a document of conviction
  4. D. to aid in the inquiry or trial, but not as evidence
Answer: to aid in the inquiry or trial, but not as evidence
Explanation: The Court may call for police diaries to aid its inquiry or trial but they are not evidence; the accused has no right to call for them.
483. The BNSS permits further investigation after the police report has been forwarded to the Magistrate only:
  1. A. with the permission of the Court, and it is to be completed within ninety days (extendable with the Court's permission)
  2. B. without any restriction on time
  3. C. with the permission of the Superintendent of Police alone
  4. D. after the trial has fully ended
Answer: with the permission of the Court, and it is to be completed within ninety days (extendable with the Court's permission)
Explanation: Further investigation post-chargesheet needs the Court's permission and should be completed within ninety days.
484. Among the details that BNSS requires a police report (chargesheet) to contain is:
  1. A. the personal bank balance of the informant
  2. B. the sequence of custody in case of an electronic device
  3. C. the religion of the investigating officer
  4. D. the political views of the accused
Answer: the sequence of custody in case of an electronic device
Explanation: BNSS added that the report must state the sequence of custody of any electronic device, supporting the integrity of digital evidence.
485. If a complainant or witness refuses to attend the Magistrate or to execute a bond under BNSS, the officer in charge of the police station may:
  1. A. lock him in the police station for a month
  2. B. simply drop him as a witness
  3. C. impose a fine on the spot
  4. D. forward him in custody to the Magistrate, who may detain him until the hearing is completed
Answer: forward him in custody to the Magistrate, who may detain him until the hearing is completed
Explanation: The proviso allows forwarding of a recalcitrant witness in custody to the Magistrate, who decides on detention until the hearing.
486. Under BNSS, a complainant or witness who is bound over by the police to attend the Magistrate's court:
  1. A. cannot be required to accompany the police officer and cannot be subjected to restraint, but must execute a bond to attend
  2. B. is always required to deposit money
  3. C. may be handcuffed to ensure presence
  4. D. must be detained till the hearing
Answer: cannot be required to accompany the police officer and cannot be subjected to restraint, but must execute a bond to attend
Explanation: Complainants and witnesses are not subjected to restraint or required to accompany police, but may be asked to execute a bond to appear.
487. Under BNSS, the owner or occupier of the place searched without a warrant by the investigating officer may:
  1. A. obtain nothing until the trial ends
  2. B. on application obtain a copy of the record sent to the Magistrate, on payment of costs
  3. C. only inspect the record in the police station
  4. D. ask for a copy from the High Court only
Answer: on application obtain a copy of the record sent to the Magistrate, on payment of costs
Explanation: The owner or occupant can obtain, on application and payment, a copy of the record of grounds and the search forwarded to the Magistrate.
488. Under BNSS, when the officer in charge of a police station is investigating an offence, he may search without a warrant if he has reasonable grounds to believe that:
  1. A. the accused may leave India in a year
  2. B. the search would be convenient on a holiday
  3. C. the owner will complain later
  4. D. anything necessary for the investigation cannot otherwise be obtained without undue delay
Answer: anything necessary for the investigation cannot otherwise be obtained without undue delay
Explanation: A warrantless search by the investigating officer is justified only when evidence cannot be obtained without undue delay and the grounds must be recorded in writing.
489. Under BNSS, the statement of a temporarily or permanently mentally or physically disabled person who is the victim of a sexual offence, recorded by a Magistrate, must be:
  1. A. recorded only after the accused is present
  2. B. recorded without any assistance
  3. C. recorded with the assistance of an interpreter or special educator and videographed
  4. D. recorded only in open court
Answer: recorded with the assistance of an interpreter or special educator and videographed
Explanation: BNSS requires such statements to be recorded with an interpreter or special educator and videographed, and to be treated as examination-in-chief.
490. After recording a confession under BNSS, the Magistrate must append a memorandum stating that he believes the confession was:
  1. A. made after a night in lock-up
  2. B. made under police pressure but admissible
  3. C. recorded in the absence of the maker
  4. D. voluntarily made, taken in his presence and hearing, and read over to the maker who admitted it to be correct
Answer: voluntarily made, taken in his presence and hearing, and read over to the maker who admitted it to be correct
Explanation: The memorandum certifies voluntariness and that the record was taken in his presence and hearing, read over and admitted as correct.
491. If a person produced before a Magistrate for recording of a confession under BNSS shows unwillingness to make it, the Magistrate:
  1. A. must discharge him
  2. B. may remand him to police custody for 15 days
  3. C. must not authorise his detention in police custody
  4. D. must record the confession anyway
Answer: must not authorise his detention in police custody
Explanation: A Magistrate must explain that the person is not bound to confess and, if he is unwilling, cannot send him to police custody.
492. Which Magistrates may record a confession or statement under Section 183 of the BNSS, 2023?
  1. A. Only an Executive Magistrate
  2. B. A police officer of the rank of SP vested with Magistrate powers
  3. C. Any Judicial Magistrate, whether or not he has jurisdiction in the case
  4. D. Only the Magistrate who will try the case
Answer: Any Judicial Magistrate, whether or not he has jurisdiction in the case
Explanation: Confessions may be recorded by any Judicial Magistrate irrespective of jurisdiction; a police officer, even if vested with Magistrate's powers, cannot record them.
493. Under BNSS, a Magistrate empowered to take cognizance who receives a report of a cognizable offence may:
  1. A. only send it to the Governor
  2. B. only close the matter at once
  3. C. direct an investigation, or himself hold a preliminary inquiry or depute a subordinate Magistrate to do so
  4. D. only send it to the Bar Council
Answer: direct an investigation, or himself hold a preliminary inquiry or depute a subordinate Magistrate to do so
Explanation: The Magistrate retains supervisory power to direct an investigation or hold a preliminary inquiry on receiving the police report.
494. Under BNSS, the report sent by an officer in charge of a police station to the Magistrate on receipt of information of a cognizable offence is forwarded:
  1. A. by newspaper publication
  2. B. directly to the Sessions Judge
  3. C. through the complainant's advocate
  4. D. through such superior officer of police as the State Government may appoint
Answer: through such superior officer of police as the State Government may appoint
Explanation: The report goes to the Magistrate through the superior police officer appointed by the State Government, who may give instructions on the investigation.
495. Under BNSS Section 176, an officer in charge of a police station who decides not to investigate because there is no sufficient ground must:
  1. A. ask the informant to pay costs
  2. B. forward the FIR to the High Court
  3. C. simply close the file without any record
  4. D. state his reasons in the report to the Magistrate and notify the informant of the decision
Answer: state his reasons in the report to the Magistrate and notify the informant of the decision
Explanation: A refusal to investigate for lack of sufficient ground must be reasoned in the report to the Magistrate and communicated to the informant.
496. A cognizable-offence information given orally to the officer in charge of a police station must be reduced to writing, then:
  1. A. signed only by the investigating officer
  2. B. read over to the informant and signed by him
  3. C. sent to the High Court
  4. D. kept confidential until the chargesheet
Answer: read over to the informant and signed by him
Explanation: The officer must write down the oral information, read it over to the informant and obtain his signature.
497. Under Section 173(2) of the BNSS, 2023, after an FIR is recorded the informant is entitled to:
  1. A. a copy of the information recorded, free of cost, immediately
  2. B. only an oral summary of the FIR
  3. C. a copy only after paying the prescribed fee
  4. D. a copy only after the investigation closes
Answer: a copy of the information recorded, free of cost, immediately
Explanation: Section 173(2) gives the informant a free copy of the recorded information at once, reducing arbitrary alteration of the FIR.
498. Under BNSS, attachment of proceeds of crime during investigation requires:
  1. A. the police officer to seek the order of the Court or Magistrate taking cognizance, and the Court may order attachment or forfeiture after giving notice
  2. B. the consent of the accused
  3. C. an order from the Superintendent of Police only
  4. D. the officer's own order without any court approval
Answer: the police officer to seek the order of the Court or Magistrate taking cognizance, and the Court may order attachment or forfeiture after giving notice
Explanation: BNSS introduced a judicially controlled process for attaching proceeds of crime on the application of the investigating officer.
499. BNSS requires that the process of search of a place or taking possession of property, with recorded list, be recorded through audio-video electronic means. The recording must be:
  1. A. kept privately by the officer till trial
  2. B. destroyed after the search ends
  3. C. published on the police website
  4. D. forwarded forthwith to the District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Judicial Magistrate of the first class
Answer: forwarded forthwith to the District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Judicial Magistrate of the first class
Explanation: The recording of search and seizure must be forwarded forthwith to the District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Judicial Magistrate of the first class.
500. When a police officer enters a closed place to search and cannot gain admission, BNSS empowers him to:
  1. A. take the occupants to the police station
  2. B. use firearms
  3. C. break open any outer or inner door or window after demanding admittance and notifying his authority and purpose
  4. D. abandon the search and seek a fresh warrant
Answer: break open any outer or inner door or window after demanding admittance and notifying his authority and purpose
Explanation: After demand and notification of authority, the officer may break open doors or windows to execute a search.
501. BNSS allows a District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Magistrate of the first class to issue a search warrant on credible information about:
  1. A. a person suspected of a minor traffic violation
  2. B. a person confined in circumstances amounting to an offence
  3. C. an unlicensed business
  4. D. a person who has defaulted on a bank loan
Answer: a person confined in circumstances amounting to an offence
Explanation: Such a warrant is used to search for persons wrongfully confined, and the person found must be produced before a Magistrate who passes suitable orders.
502. A search warrant for a place suspected to contain stolen property or forged documents can be issued by:
  1. A. only a Sessions Judge
  2. B. only a Magistrate of the second class
  3. C. only the Superintendent of Police
  4. D. a District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Magistrate of the first class
Answer: a District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Magistrate of the first class
Explanation: The power to issue search warrants for stolen property or forged documents rests with the DM, SDM and the Judicial Magistrate of the first class.
503. Where a police officer requires production of a document or thing for an investigation, BNSS enables him to issue a written order. A Court issues a search warrant instead when:
  1. A. it considers that the summons or order for production will not be complied with, or the holder is not known
  2. B. the document is on a computer
  3. C. the accused has already been convicted
  4. D. the owner of the document is a minor
Answer: it considers that the summons or order for production will not be complied with, or the holder is not known
Explanation: A search warrant is the Court's alternative when voluntary production under summons is unlikely or the holder is unknown.
504. A police officer who has reason to believe that an article is stolen or has been found in suspicious circumstances and seizes it under BNSS must:
  1. A. hand it to the complainant on his word
  2. B. dispose of it by auction within a week
  3. C. forthwith report the seizure to the Magistrate having jurisdiction
  4. D. keep it indefinitely without any report
Answer: forthwith report the seizure to the Magistrate having jurisdiction
Explanation: Seizure by police of suspected stolen or suspicious property must be reported to the Magistrate forthwith, preserving judicial control over seized property.
505. Witnesses to a search under BNSS are not required to attend the Court as witnesses in the case:
  1. A. under any circumstances
  2. B. unless the accused gives a written request to the police
  3. C. unless specially summoned
  4. D. until the trial is over
Answer: unless specially summoned
Explanation: Independent search witnesses attend Court only when specially summoned, which helps ordinary citizens to agree to act as witnesses.
506. Under BNSS, the requirement that a search of a place be witnessed by two or more independent and respectable inhabitants of the locality also requires that:
  1. A. a Magistrate conduct the search personally
  2. B. the occupant be allowed to attend, a list of seized things be prepared and signed by the witnesses, and a copy given to the occupant
  3. C. the search be completed within one hour
  4. D. the owner be arrested before the search
Answer: the occupant be allowed to attend, a list of seized things be prepared and signed by the witnesses, and a copy given to the occupant
Explanation: The occupant may be present, the list of things seized is signed by the witnesses, and a copy of the list goes to the occupant.
507. Under BNSS, if a person who has furnished a bond for appearance fails to appear, the Court may:
  1. A. only issue a fresh summons without any consequence
  2. B. only close the case
  3. C. convert the case into a civil dispute
  4. D. issue a warrant for his arrest and the bond is liable to forfeiture
Answer: issue a warrant for his arrest and the bond is liable to forfeiture
Explanation: Breach of a bond for appearance exposes the person to arrest on warrant and the bond to forfeiture.
508. BNSS lets a Court require a person who is present before it, and for whose appearance it could issue a summons or warrant, to:
  1. A. furnish his bank statements
  2. B. execute a bond, with or without sureties, for his appearance in the Court
  3. C. deposit his passport permanently
  4. D. undergo medical examination
Answer: execute a bond, with or without sureties, for his appearance in the Court
Explanation: The power to take a bond for appearance applies to a person present in Court, avoiding the need for a separate summons or warrant.
509. BNSS permits a Court to issue a warrant in lieu of, or in addition to, a summons when:
  1. A. only on the direction of the High Court
  2. B. the complainant requests it orally
  3. C. every time the case is adjourned
  4. D. it has reason to believe the person has absconded or will not obey the summons, or fails to appear after being served
Answer: it has reason to believe the person has absconded or will not obey the summons, or fails to appear after being served
Explanation: A warrant may replace or supplement a summons where the person has absconded, is likely to disobey, or does not turn up despite service.
510. If a person whose property was attached as a proclaimed person appears voluntarily or is apprehended within two years from the date of attachment and proves he did not abscond to avoid arrest, the property:
  1. A. is permanently forfeited without exception
  2. B. or its net sale proceeds are restored to him, after deducting expenses of attachment
  3. C. is divided equally between State and complainant
  4. D. is transferred to the complainant
Answer: or its net sale proceeds are restored to him, after deducting expenses of attachment
Explanation: Within two years of attachment the person can recover property or net proceeds by proving he had not absconded to avoid execution of the warrant.
511. Attached property of a proclaimed person who does not appear within the time given is placed at the disposal of the State Government but cannot be sold until:
  1. A. six months have passed from the date of attachment and any claim has been disposed of
  2. B. the Magistrate retires
  3. C. one week has passed from the date of attachment
  4. D. the person is arrested
Answer: six months have passed from the date of attachment and any claim has been disposed of
Explanation: The six-month bar and the requirement to dispose of claims protect rightful claimants before the State may sell attached property.
512. Claims or objections to the attachment of property of a proclaimed person under BNSS must generally be preferred within:
  1. A. six months from the date of attachment
  2. B. fifteen days
  3. C. thirty days
  4. D. three years
Answer: six months from the date of attachment
Explanation: A claimant to attached property must prefer the claim within six months of attachment, failing which the claim cannot be entertained.
513. Where a Court issues a proclamation against a person for an offence punishable with ten years or more, life imprisonment or death and he fails to appear, the Court may, after inquiry:
  1. A. pronounce him a proclaimed offender and make a declaration to that effect
  2. B. issue a death warrant
  3. C. cancel the case permanently
  4. D. convict him without any trial
Answer: pronounce him a proclaimed offender and make a declaration to that effect
Explanation: After a failed proclamation in serious cases, the Court can declare the person a proclaimed offender, which opens the way to attachment and trial in absentia.
514. Which of the following is a valid mode of publishing a proclamation against an absconding person under BNSS?
  1. A. affixing a copy to a conspicuous part of his house or homestead and to the Court house, and publicly reading it in the town or village of his residence
  2. B. telephoning his neighbours only
  3. C. handing a copy to the arresting officer only
  4. D. announcing it on a private bus service
Answer: affixing a copy to a conspicuous part of his house or homestead and to the Court house, and publicly reading it in the town or village of his residence
Explanation: Publication is by public reading at the place of residence, affixing at his house and at the Court house, and optionally in a daily newspaper.
515. Under BNSS, a proclamation requiring a person to appear must specify a place and time for appearance, and the time must be:
  1. A. exactly sixty days
  2. B. not less than ninety days
  3. C. not less than thirty days from the date of publishing the proclamation
  4. D. not less than seven days
Answer: not less than thirty days from the date of publishing the proclamation
Explanation: The proclamation gives the absconder at least thirty days from publication to appear.
516. A person arrested under a warrant must be brought before the Court without unnecessary delay, and within how many hours at the outside, subject to the exclusion of journey time?
  1. A. 24 hours
  2. B. 12 hours
  3. C. 48 hours
  4. D. 36 hours
Answer: 24 hours
Explanation: The 24-hour production rule applies equally to arrests under a warrant, excluding the time needed for the journey.
517. The officer or person executing a warrant of arrest under BNSS must:
  1. A. notify the substance of the warrant to the person to be arrested and, if so required, show him the warrant
  2. B. obtain the Station House Officer's signature on the person's arrest
  3. C. hand over the warrant to a relative
  4. D. keep the warrant secret until the arrest is completed
Answer: notify the substance of the warrant to the person to be arrested and, if so required, show him the warrant
Explanation: The executing officer must tell the arrestee the substance of the warrant and show it on demand.
518. A Chief Judicial Magistrate or Magistrate of the first class may direct a warrant to any person other than a police officer within his local jurisdiction for the arrest of:
  1. A. any person against whom a bailable offence is alleged
  2. B. an escaped convict, proclaimed offender, or a person accused of a non-bailable offence who is evading arrest
  3. C. any witness who has failed to attend once
  4. D. any person with a pending civil dispute
Answer: an escaped convict, proclaimed offender, or a person accused of a non-bailable offence who is evading arrest
Explanation: The exceptional power to direct a warrant to a non-police person is limited to escaped convicts, proclaimed offenders and evading non-bailable accused.
519. A Court issuing a warrant of arrest may direct by endorsement that if the person executes a bond with sureties for his attendance, he shall be released. This endorsement must specify:
  1. A. the political affiliation of the person
  2. B. the number of sureties, the amount in which they and the person are to be bound, and the time at which he must attend court
  3. C. the amount of the fine ultimately to be imposed
  4. D. only the name of the arresting officer
Answer: the number of sureties, the amount in which they and the person are to be bound, and the time at which he must attend court
Explanation: The endorsement fixes the number of sureties, the bond amount for the person and sureties, and the date/time of attendance.
520. Every warrant of arrest issued by a Court under BNSS continues in force until:
  1. A. exactly 30 days from issue
  2. B. until the end of the calendar year
  3. C. until the accused has been informed by a notice
  4. D. it is cancelled by the Court that issued it, or until it is executed
Answer: it is cancelled by the Court that issued it, or until it is executed
Explanation: A warrant does not lapse by time; it stays in force until cancelled by the issuing Court or executed.
521. A summons to a corporate body or registered society under BNSS may be served on:
  1. A. only the local police station
  2. B. only the shareholder with the largest holding
  3. C. the secretary, local manager or other principal officer of the body, or by registered post addressed to the chief officer
  4. D. only the lawyer who drafted its charter
Answer: the secretary, local manager or other principal officer of the body, or by registered post addressed to the chief officer
Explanation: Service on a corporation is made on the secretary, local manager or principal officer, or by registered post to the chief officer.

522. Under BNSS, every summons issued by a Court must be:

  1. A. valid only if served by registered post
  2. B. in writing, in duplicate, signed by the presiding officer or another authorised officer, and bear the seal of the Court
  3. C. oral and recorded by the police
  4. D. issued only by the Chief Judicial Magistrate
Answer: in writing, in duplicate, signed by the presiding officer or another authorised officer, and bear the seal of the Court
Explanation: A summons must be in writing, in duplicate, signed by the presiding officer or authorised officer and carry the Court's seal; an electronic summons carries an image of the seal or digital signature.
523. A person arrested by a private person for a non-cognizable offence refuses to give his name and residence. The police officer to whom he is handed over may:
  1. A. keep him in police custody for 15 days
  2. B. release him at once without any inquiry
  3. C. register an FIR for a cognizable offence
  4. D. re-arrest him under the procedure for refusal to give name and residence, since the offence is non-cognizable
Answer: re-arrest him under the procedure for refusal to give name and residence, since the offence is non-cognizable
Explanation: A private person's arrest for a non-cognizable offence is handled by the police under the rules for refusal of name and residence, with release on a bond once identity is verified.
524. If a person in lawful custody escapes or is rescued, BNSS permits him to be:
  1. A. arrested only after a fresh warrant is issued
  2. B. arrested only within 24 hours of the escape
  3. C. immediately pursued and arrested in any place in India
  4. D. arrested only within the original police station area
Answer: immediately pursued and arrested in any place in India
Explanation: Escaped or rescued persons may be pursued and retaken at once anywhere in India, and the arrest does not need a fresh warrant.

525. BNSS casts a duty on the person having custody of an accused to:

  1. A. ensure the accused is housed only in a police lock-up
  2. B. record his statement every day
  3. C. release him after 12 hours
  4. D. take reasonable care of the health and safety of the accused
Answer: take reasonable care of the health and safety of the accused
Explanation: The custodian of an accused must take reasonable care of his health and safety; this is a statutory basis for liability in custodial neglect.
526. Under BNSS, when a police officer deputes a subordinate to arrest a person without warrant, the subordinate must:
  1. A. carry a written order specifying the person and the offence, and notify its substance to the person on demand to show it
  2. B. obtain a Magistrate's countersignature each time
  3. C. arrest only after informing a relative of the accused
  4. D. act on the oral order alone without any written record
Answer: carry a written order specifying the person and the offence, and notify its substance to the person on demand to show it
Explanation: A subordinate arresting on a superior's deputation must have a written order naming the person and offence and must disclose its substance and show it if asked.
527. Under BNSS, when the person to be searched on arrest is a woman, the search must be made by:
  1. A. a male officer with two women witnesses
  2. B. any officer, with the arrestee's consent
  3. C. the nearest male doctor
  4. D. another woman, with strict regard to decency
Answer: another woman, with strict regard to decency
Explanation: A woman arrestee is searched only by another woman with strict regard to decency.
528. When a police officer arrests a person and searches him, the BNSS requires that articles taken from the person, other than necessary wearing apparel, be:
  1. A. placed in safe custody and a receipt for them given to the arrested person
  2. B. handed over to the nearest relative without record
  3. C. auctioned if not claimed within a week
  4. D. retained by the arresting officer until trial ends
Answer: placed in safe custody and a receipt for them given to the arrested person
Explanation: The officer must keep seized articles safely and issue a receipt to the arrestee; only necessary wearing apparel is left with him.
529. Under BNSS, a Magistrate (Executive or Judicial) who sees an offence committed in his presence within his local jurisdiction may:
  1. A. only report the matter to the nearest police station
  2. B. only issue a notice to the offender to appear later
  3. C. take no action until a police report is received
  4. D. arrest the offender himself or order any person to arrest him, and commit him to custody subject to the Sanhita's provisions on bail
Answer: arrest the offender himself or order any person to arrest him, and commit him to custody subject to the Sanhita's provisions on bail
Explanation: A Magistrate has a direct power to arrest, or order arrest of, an offender committing an offence in his presence within his local jurisdiction.
530. Under BNSS, a member of the armed forces of the Union cannot be arrested for anything done in the discharge of official duty except after obtaining the consent of:
  1. A. the District Magistrate
  2. B. the High Court
  3. C. the Central Government
  4. D. the State Governor
Answer: the Central Government
Explanation: Armed forces of the Union enjoy protection against arrest for official acts unless the Central Government consents; for State forces charged with public order the State Government's consent is needed.
531. Under BNSS, a police officer may arrest without a warrant a person for whose arrest a requisition has been received from another police officer, provided the requisition:
  1. A. is endorsed by the District Magistrate
  2. B. is received only from an officer of the rank of Superintendent of Police
  3. C. is made in the presence of two witnesses
  4. D. specifies the person and the offence or cause of arrest, and shows the person could lawfully be arrested without warrant by the officer who issued it
Answer: specifies the person and the offence or cause of arrest, and shows the person could lawfully be arrested without warrant by the officer who issued it
Explanation: A requisition arrest is lawful only if the requisition names the person and the offence and the issuing officer himself had power to arrest without warrant.
532. Under BNSS, every person is bound to assist a Magistrate or police officer reasonably demanding his aid in:
  1. A. taking or preventing the escape of any other person whom the Magistrate or officer is authorised to arrest
  2. B. conducting academic examinations
  3. C. collecting taxes and civic dues
  4. D. preparing electoral rolls
Answer: taking or preventing the escape of any other person whom the Magistrate or officer is authorised to arrest
Explanation: The public duty to assist covers arrest and prevention of escape, prevention or suppression of a breach of the peace, and prevention of injury to railway, canal, telegraph or public property.
533. Under BNSS, officers superior in rank to an officer in charge of a police station may exercise the same powers throughout the local area to which they are appointed, as may be exercised by that officer within his station. This is called the principle of:
  1. A. powers of superior officers of police
  2. B. rule of lenity
  3. C. doctrine of pith and substance
  4. D. doctrine of colourable legislation
Answer: powers of superior officers of police
Explanation: Superior police officers share the powers of an officer in charge of a police station across their entire local area.
534. Under BNSS, a police officer is NOT eligible to be appointed as an Assistant Public Prosecutor in a case if he:
  1. A. has previously testified in any other court
  2. B. has taken any part in the investigation into the offence for which the accused is being prosecuted
  3. C. has served in the same police station earlier
  4. D. is of the rank of Inspector or above
Answer: has taken any part in the investigation into the offence for which the accused is being prosecuted
Explanation: A police officer who took part in investigating the offence cannot act as Assistant Public Prosecutor in that case, as the prosecutor must be independent of the investigation.
535. Under BNSS, an Assistant Public Prosecutor appointed to conduct prosecutions in Magistrates' courts is appointed by:
  1. A. the State Government (the Central Government for Central cases)
  2. B. the High Court on the Chief Justice's order
  3. C. the Superintendent of Police
  4. D. the District Magistrate by himself
Answer: the State Government (the Central Government for Central cases)
Explanation: Assistant Public Prosecutors for prosecutions in Magistrates' courts are appointed by the Government concerned, not by the police or District Magistrate alone.
536. For appointment as a Public Prosecutor in a District or Sessions Court under BNSS, a person must have been in practice as an advocate for not less than:
  1. A. seven years
  2. B. three years
  3. C. fifteen years
  4. D. ten years
Answer: seven years
Explanation: A person qualifies for appointment as a Public Prosecutor or Additional Public Prosecutor only if he has practised as an advocate for at least seven years.
537. Under BNSS, a Special Judicial Magistrate of the first or second class appointed for a particular case or class of cases can be appointed for a term of:
  1. A. until he attains the age of sixty
  2. B. not more than one year at a time
  3. C. not more than three months at a time
  4. D. not more than five years at a time
Answer: not more than one year at a time
Explanation: The High Court may confer powers of a Judicial Magistrate on specified persons as Special Judicial Magistrates for a term not exceeding one year at a time.
538. A sentence of death passed by a Sessions Judge or Additional Sessions Judge under BNSS:
  1. A. needs confirmation by the Governor first
  2. B. is subject to confirmation by the High Court
  3. C. is executed immediately after pronouncement
  4. D. needs confirmation by the District Magistrate
Answer: is subject to confirmation by the High Court
Explanation: Death sentences passed by a Court of Session must be confirmed by the High Court before execution.
539. An Assistant Sessions Judge can pass any sentence authorised by law except:
  1. A. death only
  2. B. imprisonment exceeding seven years
  3. C. death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment exceeding ten years
  4. D. imprisonment exceeding three years
Answer: death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment exceeding ten years
Explanation: An Assistant Sessions Judge cannot pass death, life imprisonment or imprisonment above ten years; Sessions and Additional Sessions Judges may pass any lawful sentence.
540. The maximum imprisonment which a Chief Judicial Magistrate can pass under BNSS (apart from death or life imprisonment, which he cannot award) is:
  1. A. ten years
  2. B. seven years
  3. C. fourteen years
  4. D. three years
Answer: seven years
Explanation: A Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass any lawful sentence except death, life imprisonment or imprisonment exceeding seven years.
541. The maximum imprisonment a Judicial Magistrate of the first class can award under BNSS is:
  1. A. seven years
  2. B. three years
  3. C. five years
  4. D. one year
Answer: three years
Explanation: A Judicial Magistrate of the first class may pass imprisonment up to three years; a Chief Judicial Magistrate up to seven years; a second class Magistrate up to one year.
542. BNSS, 2023 defines "audio-video electronic means" as including the use of communication devices for:
  1. A. video conferencing, recording of process of identification, search and seizure or evidence, and transmission of electronic communication
  2. B. only printing of case files in the court registry
  3. C. only telephone calls between police stations
  4. D. only live broadcast of court proceedings to the public
Answer: video conferencing, recording of process of identification, search and seizure or evidence, and transmission of electronic communication
Explanation: The definition is deliberately wide: video conferencing, recording of identification, search, seizure and evidence, and electronic transmission all fall within it.

543. Under BNSS, a "proclaimed offender" is a person:

  1. A. who has been convicted twice for the same offence
  2. B. who has been declared as such under Section 84 of the Sanhita after proclamation
  3. C. who has been released on bail and has not appeared once
  4. D. who has been arrested outside the State of the offence
Answer: who has been declared as such under Section 84 of the Sanhita after proclamation
Explanation: BNSS introduced a definition: a proclaimed offender is one declared so under Section 84 (proclamation for person absconding); trial in absentia applies to such persons.
544. BNSS defines "investigation" as including all proceedings for the collection of evidence conducted by:
  1. A. the Public Prosecutor appointed for the case
  2. B. the court trying the offence at the stage of charge
  3. C. a police officer or by any person (other than a Magistrate) authorised by a Magistrate in this behalf
  4. D. the Magistrate taking cognizance of the offence
Answer: a police officer or by any person (other than a Magistrate) authorised by a Magistrate in this behalf
Explanation: Investigation is the evidence-collection stage carried out by a police officer or a person (not a Magistrate) authorised by a Magistrate.

545. Which of the following is the BNSS definition of "inquiry"?

  1. A. Every inquiry, other than a trial, conducted under the Sanhita by a Magistrate or Court
  2. B. All proceedings for collection of evidence conducted by a police officer
  3. C. Only the preliminary examination of the complainant on oath
  4. D. The hearing of the final arguments in a Court of Session
Answer: Every inquiry, other than a trial, conducted under the Sanhita by a Magistrate or Court
Explanation: "Inquiry" means every inquiry, other than a trial, conducted by a Magistrate or Court; collection of evidence by police is "investigation".

546. In BNSS, 2023, the definition of "complaint" explicitly excludes:

  1. A. an allegation that an unknown person has committed an offence
  2. B. an allegation made in writing to a Magistrate
  3. C. an oral allegation made to a Magistrate
  4. D. a police report
Answer: a police report
Explanation: A complaint is an oral or written allegation made to a Magistrate with a view to his taking action under the Sanhita; it does not include a police report. An allegation against an unknown person is still a complaint.
547. Under Part II of the First Schedule of BNSS, an offence under a special law punishable with death, life imprisonment or imprisonment of more than 7 years is classified as:
  1. A. cognizable, bailable and triable by the Court of Session
  2. B. cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Court of Session
  3. C. non-cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Chief Judicial Magistrate
  4. D. cognizable, non-bailable and triable by a Magistrate of the first class
Answer: cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Court of Session
Explanation: The gravest class in Part II (death, life or more than 7 years) is cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Court of Session.
548. For an offence against a law other than the BNS that is punishable with imprisonment of less than 3 years or with fine only, Part II of the First Schedule of BNSS treats it as:
  1. A. cognizable, bailable and triable by a Magistrate of the first class
  2. B. non-cognizable, bailable and triable by any Magistrate
  3. C. cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Chief Judicial Magistrate
  4. D. non-cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Court of Session
Answer: non-cognizable, bailable and triable by any Magistrate
Explanation: The residuary class of Part II covers offences punishable with less than 3 years or fine only: non-cognizable, bailable and triable by any Magistrate.
549. An offence under a special law is punishable with imprisonment of 3 years and upwards but not more than 7 years. Under Part II of the First Schedule of BNSS, it is, unless the law states otherwise:
  1. A. non-cognizable, bailable and triable by any Magistrate
  2. B. cognizable, non-bailable and triable by the Court of Session
  3. C. non-cognizable, non-bailable and triable by a Magistrate of the second class
  4. D. cognizable, non-bailable and triable by a Magistrate of the first class
Answer: cognizable, non-bailable and triable by a Magistrate of the first class
Explanation: Part II of the First Schedule classifies offences against other laws by punishment: 3 to 7 years means cognizable, non-bailable and triable by a Magistrate of the first class.
550. Under BNSS, 2023, a "warrant-case" means a case relating to an offence punishable with:
  1. A. imprisonment of one year or more
  2. B. imprisonment exceeding seven years only
  3. C. imprisonment exceeding three years only
  4. D. death, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term exceeding two years
Answer: death, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term exceeding two years
Explanation: The BNSS definition of a warrant-case covers offences punishable with death, life imprisonment or imprisonment exceeding two years; every other case is a summons-case.
551. Under Section 196 of the BNSS, 2023, the Magistrate who holds an inquiry into a custodial death or rape in custody shall, wherever possible, examine the body within twenty-four hours and:
  1. A. inform the relatives of the deceased and allow them to be present
  2. B. leave the matter to departmental authorities alone
  3. C. hold the inquiry only in camera without any report
  4. D. conceal the inquiry from relatives for security reasons
Answer: inform the relatives of the deceased and allow them to be present
Explanation: The custodial-death inquiry by a judicial Magistrate requires examining the body (where possible within twenty-four hours) and informing the relatives, ensuring transparency and independence.
552. Under Section 195 of the BNSS, 2023, a police officer making an investigation may require the attendance of any person acquainted with the facts of the case by:
  1. A. a newspaper notice
  2. B. an order in writing
  3. C. a verbal request only
  4. D. a letter through the employer only
Answer: an order in writing
Explanation: The police power to require attendance of witnesses is exercised by written order, subject to the protections for women, minors, elderly and disabled persons in Section 179.
553. In which of the following cases must the police forward the body for post-mortem to the nearest Civil Surgeon or qualified medical person within twenty-four hours under Section 194(3) of the BNSS, 2023?
  1. A. Death in a registered hospital with a doctor's certificate of natural cause
  2. B. Suicide by a woman within seven years of her marriage
  3. C. Death of an elderly man at home from a long illness certified by a doctor
  4. D. Death by a lightning strike seen by many people
Answer: Suicide by a woman within seven years of her marriage
Explanation: A woman's suicide or suspicious death within seven years of marriage, or a case where the relative requests or a doubt arises, mandates sending the body for medical examination within twenty-four hours.
554. Under Section 194 of the BNSS, 2023, when a police officer receives information that a person has committed suicide or died in suspicious circumstances, he shall immediately give intimation to:
  1. A. the nearest Executive Magistrate empowered to hold inquests
  2. B. the Chief Justice of the High Court
  3. C. the Director of the Forensic Science Laboratory only
  4. D. the Station Master of the nearest railway station
Answer: the nearest Executive Magistrate empowered to hold inquests
Explanation: The police inquest provision requires intimation to the nearest empowered Executive Magistrate, a visit to the place, and a report on the apparent cause of death with marks of injury.
555. Under Section 193(3)(ii) of the BNSS, 2023, the police officer must inform the informant or the victim of the progress of the investigation within:
  1. A. ninety days, including by electronic communication
  2. B. fifteen days
  3. C. seven days
  4. D. one year
Answer: ninety days, including by electronic communication
Explanation: This new provision requires the investigating officer to update the informant or victim on investigation progress within ninety days, including by electronic means.
556. The case diary maintained under Section 192 of the BNSS, 2023 by an investigating officer must record, day by day, among other details:
  1. A. the personal opinion of the Superintendent of Police on guilt
  2. B. the accused's family income
  3. C. the court fee paid by the complainant
  4. D. the time at which orders reached him, and the times he began and closed the investigation
Answer: the time at which orders reached him, and the times he began and closed the investigation
Explanation: The diary records time of receipt of orders, time of starting and closing the investigation, places visited and a statement of circumstances ascertained; the accused has no right to call for it.
557. Under Section 190 of the BNSS, 2023, if upon investigation there is sufficient evidence, the officer in charge shall forward the accused if in custody to a Magistrate empowered to take cognizance, and if the offence is bailable:
  1. A. take security from him for his appearance before the Magistrate on a day fixed
  2. B. detain him until the trial begins
  3. C. not take any security whatsoever
  4. D. hand him over to the complainant
Answer: take security from him for his appearance before the Magistrate on a day fixed
Explanation: For a bailable offence the officer takes security for appearance before the Magistrate rather than forwarding the accused in custody.
558. If upon investigation it appears to the officer in charge of a police station that there is no sufficient evidence or reasonable ground of suspicion to justify forwarding the accused to a Magistrate, he shall, if the accused is in custody:
  1. A. send him to the High Court for orders
  2. B. transfer him to the nearest railway station lock-up
  3. C. release him on his executing a bond, with or without sureties, to appear when required before a Magistrate
  4. D. keep him in custody until the Magistrate decides
Answer: release him on his executing a bond, with or without sureties, to appear when required before a Magistrate
Explanation: Section 189 (corresponding to Section 169 CrPC) mandates release on bond where evidence is deficient, with the Magistrate empowered to take cognizance being kept informed.
559. Under Section 187(2) of the BNSS, 2023, a Magistrate shall not authorise detention in police custody unless the accused is produced before him:
  1. A. only through video conferencing at all times
  2. B. only through his advocate
  3. C. in person at the first instance, and thereafter in person or through audio-video electronic means for judicial custody extensions
  4. D. only through a written report of the police
Answer: in person at the first instance, and thereafter in person or through audio-video electronic means for judicial custody extensions
Explanation: Physical first production is mandatory for police custody remand; later judicial custody extensions can be ordered on production in person or through audio-video electronic means.
560. Under the BNSS, 2023, if an officer in charge of a police station, while investigating, believes that a search in another police station's area is required and delay would hamper the investigation, he may:
  1. A. not search at all until the Magistrate of that area orders
  2. B. search only with the Governor's approval
  3. C. search only after the Sessions Judge's written order
  4. D. request the officer in charge of that police station to search, or conduct it himself and forthwith notify that officer
Answer: request the officer in charge of that police station to search, or conduct it himself and forthwith notify that officer
Explanation: The inter-station search provision lets the investigating officer ask the other station's officer to search, or in urgent cases search himself and give notice, with the search record sent to the nearest Magistrate.

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