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1201. The Rajasthan Official Language Act, 1956 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Hindi in Devanagari script
- B. Marwari
- C. Urdu
- D. Rajasthani
Answer: Hindi in Devanagari script
Explanation: Rajasthan adopted Hindi in Devanagari script as its official language by the Rajasthan Official Language Act, 1956.
1202. The Uttar Pradesh Official Language Act, 1951 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Urdu
- B. Braj
- C. Hindi in Devanagari script
- D. Awadhi
Answer: Hindi in Devanagari script
Explanation: The Uttar Pradesh Official Language Act, 1951 made Hindi in Devanagari script the official language; Urdu was added as an additional language in 1989.
1203. The Bihar Official Language Act, 1950 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Urdu
- B. Hindi
- C. Bhojpuri
- D. Maithili
Answer: Hindi
Explanation: The Bihar Official Language Act, 1950 adopted Hindi as the official language of Bihar; Urdu was later made the second official language in 1989.
1204. The Nagaland Official Languages Act, 1967 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Naga Pidgin only
- B. English
- C. Hindi
- D. Ao
Answer: English
Explanation: The Nagaland Official Languages Act, 1967 made English the official language of the State.
1205. The Kerala Official Language (Legislation) Act, 1969 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Kannada
- B. English
- C. Tamil
- D. Malayalam
Answer: Malayalam
Explanation: The 1969 Act made Malayalam the official language of Kerala for legislation, with English retained for certain purposes.
1206. The Andhra Pradesh Official Language Act, 1966 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Urdu
- B. Telugu
- C. Kannada
- D. Tamil
Answer: Telugu
Explanation: The Andhra Pradesh Official Language Act, 1966 adopted Telugu as the State's official language.
1207. The West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. English
- B. Hindi
- C. Nepali
- D. Bengali
Answer: Bengali
Explanation: The 1961 Act made Bengali the official language of West Bengal; Nepali was later added for the hill sub-divisions of Darjeeling district.
1208. The Maharashtra Official Language Act, 1964 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Marathi in Devanagari script
- B. Konkani in Devanagari script
- C. Hindi in Devanagari script
- D. Gujarati
Answer: Marathi in Devanagari script
Explanation: The Maharashtra Official Language Act, 1964 adopted Marathi in Devanagari script as the State's official language.
1209. The Karnataka Official Language Act, 1963 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Telugu
- B. Kannada
- C. Tulu
- D. Konkani
Answer: Kannada
Explanation: The Karnataka Official Language Act, 1963 made Kannada the official language of Karnataka.
1210. The Tamil Nadu Official Language Act, 1956 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Telugu
- B. Malayalam
- C. English
- D. Tamil
Answer: Tamil
Explanation: The Tamil Nadu Official Language Act, 1956 adopted Tamil as the official language of the State (then Madras State).
1211. The Odisha Official Language Act, 1954 declared which language as the official language of the State?
- A. Hindi
- B. Telugu
- C. Bengali
- D. Odia
Answer: Odia
Explanation: The Odisha Official Language Act, 1954 made Odia the official language of Odisha for all or any official purposes.
1212. Which body gives the Parliamentary Committee on Official Language its statutory basis?
- A. Article 351
- B. Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963
- C. Rule 12 of the Official Language Rules, 1976
- D. Section 3 of the Official Languages Act, 1963
Answer: Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963
Explanation: Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963 provides for the Committee, which reviews progress in the use of Hindi for official purposes of the Union.
1213. A Central Government office in Delhi issues a tender notice only in English. Which provision is violated?
- A. Article 345
- B. Section 4 of the Official Languages Act, 1963
- C. Article 347
- D. Section 3(3) of the Official Languages Act, 1963
Answer: Section 3(3) of the Official Languages Act, 1963
Explanation: Notices and forms of tender are among the documents that must be issued in both Hindi and English under Section 3(3), and the signatory is responsible under Rule 6.
1214. Which of the following was a direction of the Presidential Order of 27 April 1960 on official language?
- A. Ban the use of English in Parliament
- B. Prepare Hindi terminology for legal and administrative use and translate codes and manuals into Hindi
- C. Make Hindi the sole medium in all States
- D. Abolish English from the Supreme Court
Answer: Prepare Hindi terminology for legal and administrative use and translate codes and manuals into Hindi
Explanation: The 1960 Order asked for Hindi terminology, translation of Central codes and manuals, Hindi training of employees and spread of Hindi, without abolishing English.
1215. Hindi Diwas is observed on 14 September; many Central Government offices, including Railways, observe the Hindi Pakhwada starting from that date for about:
- A. Three months
- B. One week
- C. One month
- D. Fifteen days
Answer: Fifteen days
Explanation: Hindi Pakhwada (fortnight) is observed from 14 September for about fifteen days, with competitions and workshops in Hindi.
1216. Which qualification satisfies Rule 10(2)(a) as proof of working knowledge of Hindi?
- A. Ten years of service in Region A
- B. A typing certificate in English
- C. Domicile in a Hindi-speaking State
- D. Matriculation or an equivalent or higher examination with Hindi as a subject
Answer: Matriculation or an equivalent or higher examination with Hindi as a subject
Explanation: Rule 10(2)(a) treats passing Matriculation or an equivalent or higher examination with Hindi as a subject as working knowledge.
1217. Who notifies in the Official Gazette the Central Government offices where 80 per cent of staff have acquired working knowledge of Hindi (Rule 10(4))?
- A. The Central Government
- B. The head of the office on his own
- C. The Union Public Service Commission
- D. The Governor of the State
Answer: The Central Government
Explanation: Under Rule 10(4) the Central Government notifies such offices in the Official Gazette, after which their staff are deemed to have working knowledge of Hindi.
1218. Each Ministry's Hindi Salahkar Samiti (Hindi Advisory Committee) is chaired by whom?
- A. The Home Secretary
- B. The Secretary of the Ministry
- C. The Director of Official Language
- D. The Minister in charge of the Ministry
Answer: The Minister in charge of the Ministry
Explanation: The Minister in charge of the Ministry is the chairperson of its Hindi Advisory Committee, which advises on promoting Hindi in the Ministry and its offices.
1219. Official Language Implementation Committees inside individual offices are required to meet at what interval?
- A. Weekly
- B. Fortnightly
- C. Quarterly
- D. Annually
Answer: Quarterly
Explanation: Each office's Official Language Implementation Committee meets every quarter to review the quarterly progress report on Hindi use.
1220. How often does a Town Official Language Implementation Committee normally meet?
- A. Every quarter
- B. Every month
- C. Every six months
- D. Every two years
Answer: Every six months
Explanation: TOLICs meet half-yearly to review progress in Hindi use among member offices.
1221. A Town Official Language Implementation Committee (TOLIC) is set up in a town having at least how many Central Government offices?
- A. 25
- B. 10
- C. 15
- D. 5
Answer: 10
Explanation: A TOLIC is formed in a town having ten or more Central Government offices, undertakings and banks to review use of Hindi jointly.
1222. What is the ascending order of the basic Hindi courses taught under the Hindi Teaching Scheme?
- A. Prabodh, Pragya, Praveen
- B. Praveen, Prabodh, Pragya
- C. Prabodh, Praveen, Pragya
- D. Pragya, Praveen, Prabodh
Answer: Prabodh, Praveen, Pragya
Explanation: Learners proceed from Prabodh (elementary) to Praveen (intermediate) to Pragya (advanced).
1223. The Hindi Teaching Scheme for Central Government employees is administered by which Department?
- A. Department of Higher Education
- B. Department of Culture
- C. Department of Personnel and Training
- D. Department of Official Language, Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Department of Official Language, Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation: The Hindi Teaching Scheme is run by the Department of Official Language (MHA) to train non-Hindi-knowing employees through Prabodh, Praveen and Pragya courses.
1224. The 1968 Resolution on Official Language requires the Government to lay what before both Houses of Parliament each year?
- A. The budget of the Department of Official Language
- B. An annual assessment report on the progress made in the spread and development of Hindi
- C. The text of all State language laws
- D. A list of all Hindi typists
Answer: An annual assessment report on the progress made in the spread and development of Hindi
Explanation: The Resolution directs that a comprehensive annual report on Hindi's progress be laid on the Tables of both Houses and sent to State Governments.
1225. How many regions, designated A, B and C, are used to classify States and Union Territories under the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Five
- B. Three
- C. Two
- D. Four
Answer: Three
Explanation: The Rules divide States and UTs into three regions, A (क), B (ख) and C (ग), for deciding the language of communication.
1226. Which of these is a Region A Union Territory under the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Lakshadweep
- B. Chandigarh
- C. Puducherry
- D. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Answer: Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Explanation: Region A comprises Hindi-speaking States plus the UTs of Delhi and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
1227. Which of the following States is placed in Region C of the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Himachal Pradesh
- B. Goa
- C. Gujarat
- D. Chhattisgarh
Answer: Goa
Explanation: Goa is in Region C, together with all States other than those of Regions A and B.
1228. Which of the following Union Territories falls in Region C under the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Puducherry
- B. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- C. Chandigarh
- D. Delhi
Answer: Puducherry
Explanation: Delhi and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are Region A, Chandigarh is Region B, while Puducherry is in Region C.
1229. Which of the following States is NOT in Region A under the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Uttarakhand
- B. Bihar
- C. Gujarat
- D. Rajasthan
Answer: Gujarat
Explanation: Gujarat falls in Region B; Rajasthan, Bihar and Uttarakhand are Region A States.
1230. Which of the following States is NOT in Region B under the Official Language Rules, 1976?
- A. Maharashtra
- B. Gujarat
- C. Punjab
- D. Haryana
Answer: Haryana
Explanation: Haryana is in Region A; Gujarat, Maharashtra and Punjab (with Chandigarh and the Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu UT) form Region B.
1231. Which of the following need NOT be issued bilingually under Section 3(3) of the Official Languages Act, 1963?
- A. Internal file notings between officers
- B. Resolutions and general orders
- C. Press communiques
- D. Rules and notifications
Answer: Internal file notings between officers
Explanation: Section 3(3) covers resolutions, general orders, rules, notifications, administrative/other reports, press communiques, papers laid before Parliament, contracts, agreements, licences, permits, notices and tender forms; internal notings are not on that list.
1232. The Official Language (Use for Official Purposes of the Union) Rules, 1976 came into force on:
- A. 10 May 1963
- B. 14 September 1976
- C. 26 January 1965
- D. 28 June 1976
Answer: 28 June 1976
Explanation: The Rules were published in the Gazette and came into force on 28 June 1976.
1233. The Vishwa Hindi Sachivalaya, an inter-governmental organisation promoting Hindi globally, is based in:
- A. Suriname
- B. Mauritius
- C. Trinidad and Tobago
- D. Fiji
Answer: Mauritius
Explanation: The Secretariat was set up in Mauritius (operational from 2008) as an inter-governmental body of India and Mauritius.
1234. Nagari Pracharini Sabha, founded in 1893 to promote Hindi and the Nagari script, has its headquarters in which city?
- A. Prayagraj
- B. Patna
- C. Lucknow
- D. Varanasi
Answer: Varanasi
Explanation: Nagari Pracharini Sabha was founded at Kashi (Varanasi) in 1893; it produced the Hindi Shabda Sagar dictionary.
1235. Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti, which conducts the Hindi examinations Prathamik to Rashtrabhasha Acharya, is headquartered at:
- A. Allahabad
- B. Nagpur
- C. Wardha
- D. Pune
Answer: Wardha
Explanation: Rashtrabhasha Prachar Samiti was founded in 1936 at Wardha, Maharashtra, under Gandhi's guidance.
1236. Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha, headquartered in Chennai, was founded in 1918 under whose inspiration?
- A. Rajendra Prasad
- B. Mahatma Gandhi
- C. Jawaharlal Nehru
- D. Madan Mohan Malaviya
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi inspired the Sabha in 1918 at Madras to spread Hindi in the south; it was later declared an Institution of National Importance.
1237. The Three-Language Formula was embodied in which national education policy document of the 1960s?
- A. Programme of Action, 1992
- B. Kothari Commission, 1948
- C. National Policy on Education, 1986
- D. National Policy on Education, 1968
Answer: National Policy on Education, 1968
Explanation: The Kothari Commission (1964-66) recommended the formula, and the National Policy on Education, 1968 adopted it.
1238. Under NEP 2020, the three languages children learn are to be decided by:
- A. The University Grants Commission
- B. The Department of Official Language
- C. States, regions and students themselves, with at least two languages native to India
- D. The Central Government alone
Answer: States, regions and students themselves, with at least two languages native to India
Explanation: NEP 2020 states no language will be imposed; the choice of the three languages rests with States, regions and students, provided at least two are native Indian languages.
1239. Sahitya Akademi, India's national academy of letters, was formally founded in which year?
- A. 1950
- B. 1958
- C. 1954
- D. 1962
Answer: 1954
Explanation: Sahitya Akademi was formally inaugurated in March 1954 in New Delhi.
1240. Under the original criteria for 'Classical Language' status, a language must have a recorded history of early texts spanning roughly:
- A. 3000-4000 years
- B. 1500-2000 years
- C. 500-700 years
- D. 800-1000 years
Answer: 1500-2000 years
Explanation: The criteria require high antiquity of early texts/recorded history over 1500-2000 years, a body of ancient literature regarded as a heritage, and an original literary tradition not borrowed from another community.
1241. The Parliamentary Committee on the first Commission's report, chaired by Govind Ballabh Pant, submitted its report in:
- A. 1959
- B. 1957
- C. 1961
- D. 1955
Answer: 1959
Explanation: The Pant Committee reported in 1959; its recommendations led to the Presidential Order of 27 April 1960 on official language.
1242. The first Official Language Commission (Kher Commission) submitted its report to the President in which year?
- A. 1951
- B. 1963
- C. 1956
- D. 1960
Answer: 1956
Explanation: The Commission, constituted in 1955 under B.G. Kher, submitted its report in July 1956; it was examined by the Pant Committee of Parliament in 1957.
1243. The Kendriya Hindi Nideshalaya, set up in 1960 under Article 351's directive, functions under which Ministry?
- A. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
- B. Ministry of Home Affairs
- C. Ministry of Education
- D. Ministry of Culture
Answer: Ministry of Education
Explanation: The Central Hindi Directorate, established in 1960, is under the Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education; it promotes Hindi abroad and prepares dictionaries, unlike the Home Ministry's Department of Official Language.
1244. Which commission, chaired by Suniti Kumar Chatterji, was appointed in 1956 to examine the position of a classical language?
- A. The Sanskrit Commission
- B. The Tamil Commission
- C. The Urdu Commission
- D. The Pali Commission
Answer: The Sanskrit Commission
Explanation: The Sanskrit Commission (1956-57), chaired by Suniti Kumar Chatterji, was appointed by the Government of India to review the study and teaching of Sanskrit.
1245. Under the Goa, Daman and Diu Official Language Act, 1987 (as applicable to Goa), which language in Devanagari script is the official language of Goa?
- A. Marathi
- B. Kannada
- C. Konkani
- D. Portuguese
Answer: Konkani
Explanation: The 1987 Act made Konkani in Devanagari script the official language of Goa, while allowing Marathi to be used for any or all official purposes.
1246. The language of business in a State Legislature is dealt with by which Article, located in Part VI of the Constitution?
- A. Article 210
- B. Article 120
- C. Article 348
- D. Article 345
Answer: Article 210
Explanation: Article 210 (Part VI) is the State counterpart of Article 120 (Part V) for Parliament: business is transacted in the State language(s), Hindi or English.
1247. Articles 350A and 350B were inserted into the Constitution by which Amendment Act?
- A. Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956
- B. Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951
- C. Constitution (Twenty-first Amendment) Act, 1967
- D. Constitution (Fifteenth Amendment) Act, 1963
Answer: Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956
Explanation: Both were added by the Seventh Amendment Act, 1956, following the States Reorganisation Commission's recommendations on linguistic minorities.
1248. Under Article 350B(2), the Special Officer for linguistic minorities submits his reports to whom?
- A. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
- B. The Chief Justice of India
- C. The Governor of each State, who tables them in the State Assembly
- D. The President, who causes them to be laid before each House of Parliament and sent to the State Governments concerned
Answer: The President, who causes them to be laid before each House of Parliament and sent to the State Governments concerned
Explanation: The Special Officer investigates safeguards for linguistic minorities and reports to the President, who causes the reports to be laid before each House of Parliament and sent to the State Governments concerned.
1249. Article 30(2) prohibits the State from discriminating, while granting aid to educational institutions, on the ground that an institution is:
- A. Affiliated to a Central university
- B. Managed by a minority, whether based on religion or language
- C. Located in a rural area
- D. Teaching in a regional language only
Answer: Managed by a minority, whether based on religion or language
Explanation: Article 30(2): in granting aid, the State shall not discriminate against any educational institution on the ground that it is under the management of a minority, whether based on religion or language.
1250. Article 29(2) bars denial of admission to a State-maintained or State-aided educational institution on grounds only of:
- A. Domicile, income or gender
- B. Age, marks or fees
- C. Religion, race, caste, language or any of them
- D. Religion alone
Answer: Religion, race, caste, language or any of them
Explanation: Article 29(2): no citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by the State or receiving State aid on grounds only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them.
1251. How does Article 29(1) differ in scope from Article 30(1) of the Constitution?
- A. Article 29(1) applies only to non-citizens, while Article 30(1) applies to citizens
- B. Article 29(1) applies only to religious minorities, while Article 30(1) applies to all citizens
- C. Both are identical in scope and differ only in the remedy available
- D. Article 29(1) protects any section of citizens with a distinct language, script or culture, while Article 30(1) is confined to minorities
Answer: Article 29(1) protects any section of citizens with a distinct language, script or culture, while Article 30(1) is confined to minorities
Explanation: Article 29(1) speaks of 'any section of citizens' (which may even include a majority) and protects distinct language, script or culture; Article 30(1) gives the right to establish and administer educational institutions only to minorities.
1252. Chapter I of Part XVII, titled 'Language of the Union', consists of which Articles?
- A. Articles 342 to 343
- B. Articles 344 to 346
- C. Articles 343 and 344
- D. Articles 343 to 345
Answer: Articles 343 and 344
Explanation: Chapter I contains only two Articles: Article 343 (official language of the Union) and Article 344 (Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language).
1253. Chapter III of Part XVII, dealing with the language of the Supreme Court, High Courts and of Acts, Bills etc., consists of which Articles?
- A. Articles 350 to 351
- B. Articles 348 and 349
- C. Articles 345 to 347
- D. Articles 343 and 344
Answer: Articles 348 and 349
Explanation: Chapter III of Part XVII contains Article 348 (language in courts and for Acts, Bills) and Article 349 (special procedure for enacting laws relating to language).
1254. Chapter II of Part XVII of the Constitution, headed 'Regional Languages', comprises which Articles?
- A. Articles 350 to 351
- B. Articles 343 to 344
- C. Articles 348 to 349
- D. Articles 345 to 347
Answer: Articles 345 to 347
Explanation: Part XVII: Chapter I (Arts 343-344) Language of the Union; Chapter II (Arts 345-347) Regional Languages; Chapter III (Arts 348-349) Language of courts, Bills etc.; Chapter IV (Arts 350-351) Special Directives.
1255. How are the members of the Article 344(4) Committee on Official Language chosen from the two Houses?
- A. Nominated by the President
- B. Nominated by the Speaker and the Chairman
- C. Elected by simple majority in a show of hands
- D. Elected by proportional representation by the single transferable vote
Answer: Elected by proportional representation by the single transferable vote
Explanation: Members of the Committee are elected by the members of each House in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
1256. What is the composition of the Parliamentary Committee constituted under Article 344(4) of the Constitution?
- A. 25 members of Lok Sabha and 5 of Rajya Sabha
- B. 10 members of Lok Sabha and 20 of Rajya Sabha
- C. 20 members of Lok Sabha and 10 of Rajya Sabha
- D. 15 members of Lok Sabha and 15 of Rajya Sabha
Answer: 20 members of Lok Sabha and 10 of Rajya Sabha
Explanation: Article 344(4) provides a Committee of thirty members, twenty from the House of the People and ten from the Council of States.
1257. Which Constitutional Amendment inserted Article 394A, providing for the authoritative Hindi translation of the Constitution?
- A. 44th Amendment, 1978
- B. 42nd Amendment, 1976
- C. 58th Amendment, 1987
- D. 61st Amendment, 1989
Answer: 58th Amendment, 1987
Explanation: Article 394A was inserted by the Constitution (Fifty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1987; it requires the President to publish under his authority a Hindi translation of the Constitution, which is deemed authoritative.
1258. The Punjab State Language Act, 1967 designated which language as Punjab's official language?
- A. Hindi in Devanagari script
- B. Punjabi in Gurmukhi script
- C. Urdu in Persian script
- D. Punjabi in Shahmukhi script
Answer: Punjabi in Gurmukhi script
Explanation: The Act made Punjabi, written in Gurmukhi, the official language of the State.
1259. Bengali enjoys official status in which valley of Assam under the Assam Official Language Act, 1960 as amended?
- A. Barak Valley
- B. Dhansiri Valley
- C. Kopili Valley
- D. Brahmaputra Valley
Answer: Barak Valley
Explanation: Bengali is used for official purposes in the Barak Valley districts, while Assamese is the State's official language.
1260. Which language other than Bengali is recognised for official purposes in the hill subdivisions of Darjeeling in West Bengal?
- A. Santhali
- B. Maithili
- C. Tibetan
- D. Nepali
Answer: Nepali
Explanation: West Bengal's official-language law recognises Nepali in the Darjeeling hill sub-divisions alongside Bengali.
1261. Which two languages were declared additional official languages of Delhi under the Delhi Official Language Act, 2000?
- A. Sanskrit and Punjabi
- B. Bengali and Urdu
- C. Maithili and Urdu
- D. Punjabi and Urdu
Answer: Punjabi and Urdu
Explanation: Besides Hindi and English, Punjabi and Urdu were made additional official languages of the NCT of Delhi in 2000.
1262. Which language did Haryana declare its second official language by an amendment to its Official Language Act in 2010?
- A. Haryanvi
- B. Urdu
- C. Sanskrit
- D. Punjabi
Answer: Punjabi
Explanation: Haryana gave Punjabi the status of second official language in 2010.
1263. Which State was the first to declare Sanskrit its second official language, doing so in 2010?
- A. Madhya Pradesh
- B. Rajasthan
- C. Himachal Pradesh
- D. Uttarakhand
Answer: Uttarakhand
Explanation: Uttarakhand made Sanskrit its second official language in 2010; Himachal Pradesh followed in 2019.
1264. Which Eighth Schedule language is among the many official languages of Sikkim?
- A. Dogri
- B. Sindhi
- C. Konkani
- D. Nepali
Answer: Nepali
Explanation: Sikkim recognises Nepali alongside Sikkimese (Bhutia), Lepcha, Limboo and several other languages, with English.
1265. English is the sole official language of which of the following States?
- A. Tripura
- B. Mizoram
- C. Arunachal Pradesh
- D. Sikkim
Answer: Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh uses English alone; Mizoram uses Mizo with English, Tripura Bengali/Kokborok/English and Sikkim several languages.
1266. Which of the following sets correctly lists the official languages of Tripura?
- A. Hindi, Bengali and Mizo
- B. Assamese, Bengali and Hindi
- C. Bengali, Kokborok and English
- D. Kokborok, Manipuri and Nepali
Answer: Bengali, Kokborok and English
Explanation: Tripura uses Bengali and Kokborok, with English, for official purposes.
1267. Under the Manipur Official Language Act, 1979, which language is the official language of Manipur?
- A. Nagamese
- B. Bengali
- C. Mizo
- D. Manipuri (Meiteilon)
Answer: Manipuri (Meiteilon)
Explanation: Manipuri (Meiteilon) was adopted as the official language of Manipur by the 1979 Act.
1268. Which State has made Mizo and English its official languages under a 1974 State enactment?
- A. Manipur
- B. Arunachal Pradesh
- C. Mizoram
- D. Tripura
Answer: Mizoram
Explanation: The Mizoram Official Language Act, 1974 adopted Mizo and English as official languages.
1269. Which of these Articles contains the minority right to conserve a distinct 'language, script or culture'?
- A. Article 29(1)
- B. Article 25(1)
- C. Article 14
- D. Article 19(1)(a)
Answer: Article 29(1)
Explanation: Article 29(1) protects any section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture and their right to conserve it.
1270. Under Article 348(1)(b), the authoritative text of Ordinances promulgated by the President or a Governor is to be in which language until Parliament provides otherwise?
- A. English
- B. The language of the State concerned
- C. Sanskrit
- D. Hindi
Answer: English
Explanation: Article 348(1)(b) requires the authoritative texts of Bills, Acts, Ordinances, orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws to be in English.
1271. Section 7 of the Official Languages Act, 1963 relaxes which feature of Article 348(2)?
- A. It makes Hindi compulsory in all High Courts
- B. It removes the President's consent requirement
- C. It abolishes English from the Supreme Court
- D. It allows Hindi or the State's official language to be used in High Court judgments, decrees and orders, with an English translation
Answer: It allows Hindi or the State's official language to be used in High Court judgments, decrees and orders, with an English translation
Explanation: Section 7 permits Hindi/State language in judgments, decrees or orders of a High Court (with Governor and President's consent), accompanied by an English translation.
1272. Which of the following High Courts was authorised to use Hindi under Article 348(2) in 1972?
- A. Allahabad High Court (Uttar Pradesh)
- B. Madhya Pradesh High Court
- C. Bombay High Court
- D. Patna High Court (Bihar)
Answer: Patna High Court (Bihar)
Explanation: Bihar's authorisation came in 1972, after Uttar Pradesh in 1969 and Madhya Pradesh in 1971.
1273. Which High Court was the first to be authorised to use Hindi in its proceedings under Article 348(2), with the President's consent in 1950?
- A. Madhya Pradesh High Court
- B. Allahabad High Court
- C. Rajasthan High Court
- D. Patna High Court
Answer: Rajasthan High Court
Explanation: Rajasthan was authorised in 1950; Uttar Pradesh (1969), Madhya Pradesh (1971) and Bihar (1972) followed.
1274. Where the Governor authorises Hindi in High Court proceedings under Article 348(2), which of the following is still governed by the English-language rule of Article 348(1)(a)?
- A. Judgments, decrees and orders of the High Court
- B. Petitions filed by litigants
- C. Oral arguments before the Bench
- D. Affidavits of witnesses
Answer: Judgments, decrees and orders of the High Court
Explanation: Article 348(2) expressly does not apply to any judgment, decree or order passed by the High Court; Section 7 of the 1963 Act later relaxed this.
1275. Which authority appoints the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities under Article 350B?
- A. The President
- B. The Prime Minister
- C. The Chief Justice of India
- D. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Answer: The President
Explanation: Article 350B(1) says there shall be a Special Officer for linguistic minorities to be appointed by the President.
1276. The Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities appointed under Article 350B has his headquarters at which city?
- A. Agra
- B. Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad)
- C. Mysuru
- D. New Delhi
Answer: Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad)
Explanation: The Office of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities is headquartered at Allahabad (now Prayagraj), with regional offices at Belgaum, Chennai and Kolkata.
1277. Article 120(2) provides that, unless Parliament by law otherwise provides, what happens after fifteen years from the commencement of the Constitution?
- A. Members may speak only in Eighth Schedule languages
- B. The Speaker loses the power to permit the mother tongue
- C. The words 'or in English' in clause (1) cease to have effect
- D. The words 'in Hindi' cease to have effect
Answer: The words 'or in English' in clause (1) cease to have effect
Explanation: Parliament did provide otherwise through the Official Languages Act, 1963, so English business continues alongside Hindi.
1278. Which statement about the 'national language' of India is correct in light of Part XVII of the Constitution?
- A. All Eighth Schedule languages are national languages by Article 344
- B. Article 351 declares Sanskrit the national language
- C. Article 343 declares Hindi the national language
- D. The Constitution designates Hindi only as the official language of the Union and names no national language
Answer: The Constitution designates Hindi only as the official language of the Union and names no national language
Explanation: Part XVII speaks only of 'official language'; the Gujarat High Court in 2010 also held that Hindi is the official, not the national, language.
1279. Under Article 351, the vocabulary of Hindi is to draw primarily upon which language?
- A. English
- B. Persian
- C. Urdu
- D. Sanskrit
Answer: Sanskrit
Explanation: Article 351 says Hindi should draw for its vocabulary primarily on Sanskrit and secondarily on other languages.
1280. Bihar and Punjab agree that Hindi will be the language of communication between them. Which constitutional provision permits this?
- A. Article 347
- B. The proviso to Article 346
- C. Article 345(2)
- D. Article 349
Answer: The proviso to Article 346
Explanation: The proviso to Article 346 lets two or more States agree to use Hindi, instead of the Union's authorised language, for communication between them.
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